Infiniti Qx (2009 year). Manual

The word “radial”

The word “radial” is shown if the tire has

radial structure.

Manufacturer or brand name

Manufacturer or brand name is shown.

Other Tire-related Terminology

In addition to the many terms that are

defined throughout this section, Intended

Outboard Sidewall is (1) the sidewall that

contains a whitewall, bears white lettering

or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or

model name molding that is higher or

deeper than the same molding on the

other sidewall of the tire, or (2) the out-

ward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical

tire that has a particular side that must

always face outward when mounted on a

vehicle.

TYPES OF TIRES

WARNING

● When changing or replacing tires, be

sure all four tires are of the same type

(i.e., Summer, All Season or Snow) and

construction. An INFINITI dealer may be

able to help you with information about

tire type, size, speed rating and

availability.

● Replacement tires may have a lower

speed rating than the factory equipped

tires, and may not match the potential

maximum vehicle speed. Never exceed

the maximum speed rating of the tire.

● Replacing tires with those not originally

specified by INFINITI could affect the

proper operation of the low tire pres-

sure warning system.

● For additional information regarding

tires, refer to “Important Tire Safety In-

formation” (US) or “Tire Safety Informa-

tion” (Canada) in the Warranty Informa-

tion Booklet.

All season tires

INFINITI specifies All Season tires on some mod-

els to provide good performance all year, includ-

ing snowy and icy road conditions. All Season

tires are identified by ALL SEASON and/or M&S

on the tire sidewall. Snow tires have better snow

traction than All Season tires and may be more

appropriate in some areas.

Summer tires

INFINITI specifies summer tires on some models

to provide superior performance on dry roads.

Summer tire performance is substantially re-

duced in snow and ice. Summer tires do not have

the tire traction rating “M&S” on the tire sidewall.
If you plan to operate your vehicle in snowy or icy

conditions, INFINITI recommends the use of

SNOW tires or ALL SEASON tires on all four

wheels.

Snow tires

If snow tires are needed, it is necessary to select

tires equivalent in size and load rating to the

original equipment tires. If you do not, it can

adversely affect the safety and handling of your

vehicle.
Generally, snow tires have lower speed ratings

than factory equipped tires and may not match

the potential maximum vehicle speed. Never ex-

ceed the maximum speed rating of the tire.

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If you install snow tires, they must be the same

size, brand, construction and tread pattern on all

four wheels.
For additional traction on icy roads, studded tires

may be used. However, some U.S. states and

Canadian provinces prohibit their use. Check

local, state and provincial laws before installing

studded tires. Skid and traction capabilities of

studded snow tires on wet or dry surfaces may be

poorer than that of non-studded snow tires.

TIRE CHAINS

CAUTION

Tire chains/cables should not be installed

on P275/60R20 size tires. Installation of

the tire chains/cables on P275/60R20 size

tires will cause damage to the vehicle. If

you plan to use tire chains/cables, you

should install P265/70R18 size tires on

your vehicle.

Use of tire chains may be prohibited according to

location. Check the local laws before installing

tire chains. When installing tire chains, make sure

they are the proper size for the tires on your

vehicle and are installed according to the chain

manufacturer’s suggestions. Use only SAE

class “S” chains. Class “S” chains are used on

vehicles with restricted tire to vehicle clearance.

Vehicles that can use Class “S” chains are de-

signed to meet the minimum clearances between

the tire and the closest vehicle suspension or

body component required to accommodate the

use of a winter traction device (tire chains or

cables). The minimum clearances are determined

using the factory equipped tire size. Other types

may damage your vehicle. Use chain tensioners

when recommended by the tire chain manufac-

turer to ensure a tight fit. Loose end links of the

tire chain must be secured or removed to prevent

the possibility of whipping action damage to the

fenders or underbody. If possible, avoid fully load-

ing your vehicle when using tire chains. In addi-

tion, drive at a reduced speed. Otherwise, your

vehicle may be damaged and/or vehicle handling

and performance may be adversely affected.
Tire chains must be installed only on the

rear wheels and not on the front wheels.
Do not use tire chains on dry roads. Driving with

chains in such conditions can cause damage to

the various mechanisms of the vehicle due to

some overstress.
Use only the 2WD range when driving on clear

paved roads.

CHANGING WHEELS AND TIRES
Tire rotation

INFINITI recommends rotating the tires

every 7,500 miles (12,000 km).
See “Flat tire” in the “In case of emer-

gency” section in this manual for tire re-

placing procedures.
As soon as possible, tighten the

wheel nuts to the specified torque

with a torque wrench.

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Wheel nut tightening torque:

98 ft-lb (133 N·m)

The wheel nuts must be kept tight-

ened to specifications at all times. It

is recommended that wheel nuts be

tightened to specification at each

tire rotation interval.

WARNING

● After rotating the tires, check and

adjust the tire pressure.

● Retighten the wheel nuts when

the vehicle has been driven for

600 miles (1,000 km) (also in

cases of a flat tire, etc.).

● Do not include the spare tire in

the tire rotation.

● For additional information re-

garding tires, refer to “Important

Tire Safety Information” (US) or

“Tire

Safety

Information”

(Canada) in the Warranty Infor-

mation Booklet.

Wear indicator

Location mark

Tire wear and damage

WARNING

● Tires should be periodically in-

spected for wear, cracking, bulg-

ing or objects caught in the tread.

If excessive wear, cracks, bulging

or deep cuts are found, the tire(s)

should be replaced.

● The original tires have built-in

tread wear indicators. When the

wear indicators are visible, the

tire(s) should be replaced.

● Tires degrade with age and use.

Have tires, including the spare,

over 6 years old checked by a

qualified

technician

because

some tire damage may not be ob-

vious. Replace the tires as neces-

sary to prevent tire failure and

possible personal injury.

● Improper service of the spare tire

may result in serious personal in-

jury. If it is necessary to repair the

spare tire, contact an INFINITI

dealer.

● For additional information re-

garding tires, refer to “Important

Tire Safety Information” (US) or

“Tire

Safety

Information”

(Canada) in the Warranty Infor-

mation Booklet.

WDI0259

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Replacing wheels and tires

When replacing a tire, use the same size, tread

design, speed rating and load carrying capacity

as originally equipped. Recommended types and

sizes are shown in “Wheels and tires” in the

“Technical and consumer information” section of

this manual.

WARNING

● The use of tires other than those recom-

mended or the mixed use of tires of

different brands, construction (bias,

bias-belted or radial), or tread patterns

can adversely affect the ride, braking,

handling, ground clearance, body-to-

tire clearance, tire chain clearance,

speedometer calibration, headlight aim

and bumper height. Some of these ef-

fects may lead to accidents and could

result in serious personal injury.

● If the wheels are changed for any rea-

son, always replace with wheels which

have the same off-set dimension.

Wheels of a different off-set could

cause premature tire wear, degrade ve-

hicle handling characteristics and/or

interference with the brake discs/

drums. Such interference can lead to

decreased braking efficiency and/or

early brake pad/shoe wear. Refer to

“Wheels and tires” in the “Technical

and consumer information” section of

this

manual

for

wheel

off-set

dimensions.

● When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel

is replaced, tire pressure will not be

indicated, the TPMS will not function

and the low tire pressure warning light

will flash for approximately 1 minute.

The light will remain on after 1 minute.

Contact your INFINITI dealer as soon as

possible for tire replacement and/or

system resetting.

● Replacing tires with those not originally

specified by INFINITI could affect the

proper operation of the TPMS.

● Do not install a damaged or deformed

wheel or tire even if it has been re-

paired. Such wheels or tires could have

structural damage and could fail with-

out warning.

● The use of retread tires is not

recommended.

● For additional information regarding

tires, refer to “Important Tire Safety In-

formation” (US) or “Tire Safety Informa-

tion” (Canada) in the Warranty Informa-

tion Booklet.

Four-wheel drive models

CAUTION

Always use tires of the same type, size,

brand, construction (bias, bias-belted or

radial), and tread pattern on all four

wheels. Failure to do so may result in a

circumference difference between tires

on the front and rear axles which will

cause excessive tire wear and may dam-

age the transmission, transfer case and

differential gears.

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If excessive tire wear is found, it is recommended

that all four tires be replaced with tires of the

same size, brand, construction and tread pattern.

The tire pressure and wheel alignment should

also be checked and corrected as necessary.

Contact an INFINITI dealer.

Wheel balance

Unbalanced wheels may affect vehicle handling

and tire life. Even with regular use, wheels can get

out of balance. Therefore, they should be bal-

anced as required.
Wheel balance service should be per-
formed with the wheels off the vehicle.
Spin balancing the wheels on the vehicle
could lead to mechanical damage.

● For additional information regarding

tires, refer to “Important Tire Safety
Information” (US) or “Tire Safety Infor-
mation” (Canada) in the Warranty In-
formation Booklet .

Care of wheels

● Wash the wheels when washing the vehicle

to maintain their appearance.

● Clean the inner side of the wheels when the

wheel is changed or the underside of the

vehicle is washed.

● Do not use abrasive cleaners when washing

the wheels.

● Inspect wheel rims regularly for dents or

corrosion. Such damage may cause loss of

pressure or poor seal at the tire bead.

● INFINITI recommends waxing the road

wheels to protect against road salt in areas

where it is used during winter.

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The following are approximate capacities. The actual refill capacities may be slightly different. When refilling, follow the procedure
described in the “Maintenance and do-it-yourself” section to determine the proper refill capacity.

Capacity (Approximate)

Recommended Fluids and Lubricants

US measure

Imp measure

Liter

Fuel

28 gal

23-1/4 gal

105.8

Unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of at least 87 AKI (RON 91)*1

Engine oil *7

Drain and Refill

With oil filter change

6-4/5 qt

5-3/4 qt

6.5

• Engine oil with API Certification Mark *2

• Viscosity SAE 5W-30 *2

Without oil filter change

6-1/2 qt

5-1/2 qt

6.2

Cooling system

With reservoir

3-3/4 gal

3-1/8 gal

14.4

50% Genuine NISSAN Long Life Antifreeze/Coolant or equivalent

50% Demineralized or distilled water

Automatic transmission fluid

Refill to the proper level according to the instructions in the

“Maintenance and do-it-yourself” section.

Genuine NISSAN Matic S ATF *3

Power steering fluid (PSF)

Genuine NISSAN PSF or equivalent.*4

Brake fluid

Genuine NISSAN Super Heavy Duty Brake Fluid *5 or equivalent DOT 3

Multi-purpose grease

—

NLGI No. 2 (Lithium Soap base)

Air conditioning system refrigerant

—

HFC-134a (R-134a) *6

Air conditioning system oil

—

NISSAN A/C System Oil Type S or equivalent *6

Transfer fluid

—

Genuine NISSAN Matic D ATF (Continental U.S. and Alaska) or Canada

NISSAN Automatic Transmission Fluid or equivalent (if available)

Front final drive oil

—

Genuine NISSAN Differential Oil Hypoid Super GL-5 80W-90 OR API GL-5 Vis-

cosity SAE 80W-90 *8

Rear final drive oil

—

API GL-5 Synthetic 75W-90 gear oil or equivalent *9

Windshield washer fluid (shared between front

and rear wipers)

1-1/4 gal

1 gal

4.5

Genuine NISSAN Windshield Washer Concentrate Cleaner & Antifreeze or

equivalent

*1: For further details, see “Fuel recommendation.”

*2: For further details, see “Engine oil and oil filter recommendations.”

*3: If Genuine NISSAN Matic S ATF is not available, Genuine NISSAN Matic J ATF may also be used. Using automatic transmission fluid other than Genuine NISSAN Matic S ATF or Matic J ATF

will cause deterioration in driveability and automatic transmission durability, and may damage the automatic transmission, which is not covered by the NISSAN new vehicle limited warranty.

*4: DEXRON™ VI type ATF or Canada NISSAN Automatic Transmission Fluid may also be used.

*5: Available in mainland USA through your INFINITI dealer.

*6: For further details, see “Air conditioner specification label.”

*7: For further details, see “Changing engine oil.”

*8: For hot climates, viscosity SAE 90 is suitable for ambient temperatures above 0° C (32° F).

*9: See your INFINITI dealer for service.

CAPACITIES AND RECOMMENDED

FUEL/LUBRICANTS

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FUEL RECOMMENDATION

INFINITI recommends the use of premium un-

leaded gasoline with an octane rating of at least

91 AKI (Anti-Knock Index) number (Research

octane number 96). If unleaded premium gaso-

line is not available, you may use unleaded regular

gasoline with an octane rating of at least 87 AKI

number (Research octane number 91), but you

may notice a decrease in performance.

CAUTION

● Using a fuel other than that specified

could adversely affect the emission

control system, and may also affect the

warranty coverage.

● Under no circumstances should a

leaded gasoline be used, because this

will damage the three-way catalyst.

● Do not use E-85 fuel in your vehicle.

Your vehicle is not designed to run on

E-85 fuel. Using E-85 fuel can damage

the fuel system components and is not

covered by the INFINITI vehicle limited

warranty.

Gasoline specifications

INFINITI recommends using gasoline that meets

the World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC) specifi-

cations where it is available. Many of the automo-

bile manufacturers developed this specification

to improve emission control system and vehicle

performance. Ask your service station manager if

the gasoline meets the WWFC specifications.

Reformulated gasoline

Some fuel suppliers are now producing reformu-

lated gasolines. These gasolines are specially de-

signed to reduce vehicle emissions. INFINITI sup-

ports efforts towards cleaner air and suggests that

you use reformulated gasoline when available.

Gasoline containing oxygenates

Some fuel suppliers sell gasoline containing oxy-

genates such as ethanol, MTBE and methanol

with or without advertising their presence.

INFINITI does not recommend the use of fuels of

which the oxygenate content and the fuel com-

patibility for your INFINITI cannot be readily de-

termined. If in doubt, ask your service station

manager.
If you use oxygenate-blend gasoline, please take

the following precautions as the usage of such

fuels may cause vehicle performance problems

and/or fuel system damage.

● The fuel should be unleaded and have

an octane rating no lower than that

recommended for unleaded gasoline.

● If an oxygenate-blend other than

methanol blend is used, it should con-
tain no more than 10% oxygenate.
(MTBE may, however, be added up to
15%.)

● If a methanol blend is used, it should

contain no more than 5% methanol
(methyl alcohol, wood alcohol). It
should also contain a suitable amount
of appropriate cosolvents and corro-
sion inhibitors. If not properly formu-
lated with appropriate cosolvents and
corrosion inhibitors, such methanol
blends may cause fuel system damage
and/or vehicle performance problems.
At this time, sufficient data is not avail-
able to ensure that all methanol blends
are suitable for use in INFINITI ve-
hicles.

If any driveability problems such as engine stall-

ing and difficult hot-starting are experienced after

using

oxygenate-blend

fuels,

immediately

change to a non-oxygenate fuel or a fuel with a

low blend of MTBE.
Take care not to spill gasoline during refu-
eling. Gasoline containing oxygenates can
cause paint damage.

Technical and consumer information

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E–85 fuel

E-85 fuel is a mixture of approximately 85% fuel

ethanol and 15% unleaded gasoline. E-85 can

only be used in a Flexible Fuel Vehicle (FFV). Do

not use E-85 in your vehicle. U.S. government

regulations require fuel ethanol dispensing

pumps to be identified by a small, square, orange

and black label with the common abbreviation or

the appropriate percentage for that region.

Aftermarket fuel additives

INFINITI does not recommend the use of any

aftermarket fuel additives (for example, fuel injec-

tor cleaner, octane booster, intake valve deposit

removers, etc.) which are sold commercially.

Many of these additives intended for gum, varnish

or deposit removal may contain active solvents or

similar ingredients that can be harmful to the fuel

system and engine.

Octane rating tips

Using unleaded gasoline with an octane

rating lower than recommended can cause

persistent, heavy “spark knock.” (“Spark

knock” is a metallic rapping noise.) If se-

vere, this can lead to engine damage. If you

detect a persistent heavy spark knock even

when using gasoline of the stated octane

rating, or if you hear steady spark knock

while holding a steady speed on level

roads, have an INFINITI dealer correct the
condition. Failure to correct the condition
is misuse of the vehicle, for which INFINITI
is not responsible.

Incorrect ignition timing may result in spark

knock, after-run and/or overheating, which may

cause excessive fuel consumption or engine

damage. If any of the above symptoms are en-

countered, have your vehicle checked at an

INFINITI dealer.
However, now and then you may notice
light spark knock for a short time while
accelerating or driving up hills. This is not a
cause for concern, because you get the
greatest fuel benefit when there is light
spark knock for a short time under heavy
engine load.

CAUTION

● Your vehicle is not designed to run on

E-85 fuel. Using E-85 fuel in a vehicle

not specifically designed for E-85 fuel

can damage fuel system components

and is not covered by the INFINITI new

vehicle limited warranty.

● E-85 is a mixture of approximately 85%

fuel

ethanol

and

15%

unleaded

gasoline.

● U.S. government regulations require

ethanol dispensing pumps to be identi-

fied by a small, square, orange and

black label with the common abbrevia-

tion or the appropriate percentage for

that region.

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ENGINE OIL AND OIL FILTER

RECOMMENDATIONS
Selecting the correct oil

It is essential to choose the correct grade, quality

and viscosity engine oil to ensure satisfactory

engine life and performance. See

9Capacities

and recommended fuel/lubricants

9 earlier in this

section. INFINITI recommends the use of an en-

ergy conserving oil in order to improve fuel

economy.
Select only engine oils that meet the American

Petroleum Institute (API) certification or Interna-

tional Lubricant Standardization and Approval

Committee (ILSAC) certification and SAE vis-

cosity standard. These oils have the API certifica-

tion mark on the front of the container. Oils which

do not have the specified quality label should not

be used as they could cause engine damage.

Oil additives

INFINITI does not recommend the use of oil ad-

ditives. The use of an oil additive is not necessary

when the proper oil type is used and maintenance

intervals are followed.
Oil which may contain foreign matter or has been

previously used should not be used.

Oil viscosity

The engine oil viscosity or thickness changes

with temperature. Because of this, it is important

to select the engine oil viscosity based on the

temperatures at which the vehicle will be oper-

ated before the next oil change. Choosing an oil

viscosity other than that recommended could

cause serious engine damage.

Selecting the correct oil filter

Your new INFINITI vehicle is equipped with a

high-quality genuine NISSAN oil filter. When re-

placing, use a genuine NISSAN oil filter or its

equivalent for the reason described in “Change

intervals”.

Change intervals

The oil and oil filter change intervals for your

engine are based on the use of the specified

quality oils and filters. Using engine oil and filters

that are not of the specified quality, or exceeding

recommended oil and filter change intervals

could reduce engine life. Damage to the engine

caused by improper maintenance or use of incor-

rect oil and filter quality and/or viscosity is not

covered by the INFINITI new vehicle limited war-

ranty.

WTI0183

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Your engine was filled with a high-quality engine

oil when it was built. You do not have to change

the oil before the first recommended change

interval. Oil and filter change intervals depend

upon how you use your vehicle.
Operation under the following conditions may

require more frequent oil and filter changes:

● repeated short distance driving at cold out-

side temperatures

● driving in dusty conditions
● extensive idling
● towing a trailer
● stop and go commuting

Refer to the “INFINITI Service and Maintenance

Guide” for the maintenance schedule.

AIR CONDITIONER SYSTEM

REFRIGERANT AND OIL

RECOMMENDATIONS

The air conditioner system in your INFINITI
vehicle must be charged with the refriger-
ant HFC-134a (R-134a) and the oil, NISSAN
A/C system oil DH-PS or the exact equiva-
lents.

CAUTION

The use of any other refrigerant or oil will

cause severe damage to the air condition-

ing system and will require the replace-

ment of all air conditioner system

components.

The refrigerant HFC-134a (R-134a) in your

INFINITI vehicle does not harm the earth’s ozone

layer. Although this refrigerant does not affect the

earth’s atmosphere, certain government regula-

tions require the recovery and recycling of any

refrigerant during automotive air conditioner sys-

tem service. An INFINITI dealer has the trained

technicians and equipment needed to recover

and recycle your air conditioner system refriger-

ant.
Contact an INFINITI dealer when servicing your

air conditioner system.

9-6

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ENGINE

Model

VK56DE

Type

Gasoline, 4-cycle, DOHC

Cylinder arrangement

8-cylinder, V-block, Slanted at 90°

Bore x Stroke

in (mm) 3.858 x 3.622 (98 x 92)

Displacement

cu in (cm

) 338.78 (5,552)

Firing order

1–8–7–3–6–5–4–2

Idle speed

No adjustment is necessary.

A/T (in “N” position)
Ignition timing (degree B.T.D.C. at idle
speed)
CO % at idle

Spark plug

DILFR5A-11

Spark plug gap (Nominal)

in (mm) 0.043 (1.1)

Camshaft operation

Timing chain

This spark ignition system complies with the Canadian standard ICES-002.

SPECIFICATIONS

Technical and consumer information

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WHEELS AND TIRES

Wheels

20 x 8.0J

Tires

P275/60R20

Spare tire

Full size

DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHTS

Overall length

in (mm) 206.9(5,254)

Overall width

in (mm)

79.6(2,021)

Overall height

2wd with roof rack

in (mm)

76.7(1,948)

4wd with roof rack

in (mm)

77.5(1,968)

Front Track

in (mm)

68.1(1,729)

Rear Track

in (mm)

68.1(1,729)

Wheelbase

in (mm) 123.2(3,130)

Gross vehicle weight
rating

lb (kg) See the “F.M.V.S.S./C.M.

V.S.S. certification label”
on the center pillar be-
tween the driver’s side
front and side doors.

Gross axle weight rating

Front

lb (kg)

Rear

lb (kg)

9-8

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When planning to drive your INFINITI ve-

hicle in another country, you should first find

out if the fuel available is suitable for your vehi-

cle’s engine.
Using fuel with an octane rating that is too low

may cause engine damage. All gasoline vehicles

must be operated with unleaded gasoline. There-

fore, avoid taking your vehicle to areas where

appropriate fuel is not available.
When transferring the registration of your

vehicle to another country, state, province

or district, it may be necessary to modify the

vehicle to meet local laws and regulations.
The laws and regulations for motor vehicle emis-

sion control and safety standards vary according

to the country, state, province or district; there-

fore, vehicle specifications may differ.
When any vehicle is to be taken into an-

other country, state, province or district

and registered, its modifications, transpor-

tation, and registration are the responsibil-

ity of the user. INFINITI is not responsible

for any inconvenience that may result.

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

(VIN) PLATE

The vehicle identification number (VIN) plate is

attached as shown. This number is the identifica-

tion for your vehicle and is used in the vehicle

registration.

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

(chassis number)

The vehicle identification number is located as

shown.

LTI0085

LTI0086

WHEN TRAVELING OR REGISTERING

YOUR VEHICLE IN ANOTHER

COUNTRY

VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION

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ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER

The number is stamped on the engine as shown.

F.M.V.S.S./C.M.V.S.S.

CERTIFICATION LABEL

The Federal/Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety

Standard (F.M.V.S.S./C.M.V.S.S.) certification la-

bel is affixed as shown. This label contains valu-

able vehicle information, such as: Gross Vehicle

Weight Ratings (GVWR), Gross Axle Weight

Rating (GAWR), month and year of manufacture,

Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), etc. Review

it carefully.

EMISSION CONTROL

INFORMATION LABEL

The emission control information label is at-

tached to the underside of the hood as shown.

WTI0095

WTI0099

WTI0189

9-10

Technical and consumer information

REVIEW COPY—

2009 Infiniti QX56 (iwz)

Owners Manual—USA_English (nna)
02/29/08—tbrooks

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TIRE AND LOADING INFORMATION

LABEL

The cold tire pressure is shown on the Tire and

Loading Information label. The label is located as

shown.

AIR CONDITIONER SPECIFICATION

LABEL

The air conditioner specification label is affixed to

the underside of the hood as shown.

Use the following steps to mount the front license

plate:

1. Make holes on the plastic finisher at the

location mark (small dimple) using a 0.20 in

(5 mm) drill. Apply light pressure to the drill.

Install the license plate holder using the two

screws provided with the holder.

2. Mount the license plate using two M6-

14mm bolts.
License plate bolt tightening torque:

3.8 - 4.7 ft-lb (5.10 - 6.37 N·m)

WTI0100

WTI0188

LTI0110

INSTALLING FRONT LICENSE PLATE

Technical and consumer information

9-11

REVIEW COPY—

2009 Infiniti QX56 (iwz)

Owners Manual—USA_English (nna)
02/29/08—tbrooks

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Infiniti Qx (2009 year). Manual - part 25