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FANUC Series 30i/300i/300is-MODEL A. Machining Center System. User's manual - page 9

1.GENERAL

PROGRAMMING

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1.5

SELECTION OF TOOL USED FOR VARIOUS MACHINING -
TOOL FUNCTION

Overview

For each of various types of machining (such as drilling, tapping,
boring, and milling for milling machining, or rough machining,
semifinish machining, finish machining, threading, and grooving for
lathe cutting), a necessary tool is to be selected. When a number is
assigned to each tool and the number is specified in the program, the
corresponding tool is selected.

Examples

Tool number

ATC magazine

Fig. 1.5 (a) Tool used for various machining

<When No.01 is assigned to a drilling tool>
When the tool is stored at location 01 in the ATC magazine, the tool
can be selected by specifying T01. This is called the tool function (See
II-10).

Tool number

Tool post

Fig. 1.5 (b) Tool used for various machining

<When No.01 is assigned to a roughing tool>
When the tool is stored at location 01 of the tool post, the tool can be
selected by specifying T0101. This is called the tool function (See II-
10).

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1.GENERAL

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1.6

COMMAND FOR MACHINE OPERATIONS - AUXILIARY
FUNCTION

When a workpiece is actually machined with a tool, the spindle is
rotated, coolant is supplied, and the chuck is opened/closed. So,
control needs to be exercised on the spindle motor of the machine,
coolant valve on/off operation, and chuck open/close operation.

•

For

milling

machining

Workpiece

Tool

Coolant on/off

Spindle
rotation

•

For lathe cutting

Workpiece

Chuck open/close

Spindle rotation

Coolant on/off

Fig. 1.6 (a) Auxiliary function

The function of specifying the on-off operations of the components of
the machine is called the auxiliary function. In general, the function is
specified by an M code (See II-11).
For example, when M03 is specified, the spindle is rotated clockwise
at the specified spindle speed.

1.GENERAL

PROGRAMMING

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1.7

PROGRAM CONFIGURATION

A group of commands given to the CNC for operating the machine is
called the program. By specifying the commands, the tool is moved
along a straight line or an arc, or the spindle motor is turned on and off.
In the program, specify the commands in the sequence of actual tool
movements.

Block

:
:
:
:

Block

Program

Tool movement
sequence

Fig. 1.7 (a) Program configuration

A group of commands at each step of the sequence is called the block.
The program consists of a group of blocks for a series of machining.
The number for discriminating each block is called the sequence
number, and the number for discriminating each program is called the
program number (See II-13).

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1.GENERAL

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Explanation

The block and the program have the following configurations.

- Block

End of block

Nxxxxx Gxx Xxxx.x Yxxx.x Mxx Sxx Txx ;

1 block

Sequence
number

Preparatory
function

Auxiliary
function

Spindle
function

Tool
function

Dimension word

Fig. 1.7 (b) Block configuration

A block starts with a sequence number to identify the block and ends
with an end-of-block code.
This manual indicates the end-of-block code by; (LF in the ISO code
and CR in the EIA code).
The contents of the dimension word depend on the preparatory
function. In this manual, the portion of the dimension word may be
represent as IP_.

- Program

;
Oxxxxx ;

Program number

Block

M30 ;

End of program

Fig. 1.7 (c) Program configuration

Normally, a program number is specified after the end-of-block (;)
code at the beginning of the program, and a program end code (M02
or M30) is specified at the end of the program.

1.GENERAL

PROGRAMMING

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- Main program and subprogram

When machining of the same pattern appears at many portions of a
program, a program for the pattern is created. This is called the
subprogram. On the other hand, the original program is called the
main program. When a subprogram execution command appears
during execution of the main program, commands of the subprogram
are executed. When execution of the subprogram is finished, the
sequence returns to the main program.

Main program

M98P1001

M98P1002

Subprogram #1

Subprogram #2

O1001

M99

O1002

M99

M98P1001

Fig. 1.7 (d) Subprogram execution

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1.GENERAL

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1.8

TOOL MOVEMENT RANGE - STROKE

Limit switches are installed at the ends of each axis on the machine to
prevent tools from moving beyond the ends. The range in which tools
can move is called the stroke.

Stroke area

Motor

Limit
switch

Machine zero point

Besides strokes defined with limit switches, the operator can define an
area which the tool cannot enter using a program or data in memory.
This function is called stroke check (see III-6.3).

Motor

Limit
switch

Specify these distances.

Machine zero point

Tools cannot enter this area. The area is
specified by data in memory or a program.

2.CONTROLLED AXES

PROGRAMMING

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CONTROLLED AXES

Chapter 2, "CONTROLLED AXES", consists of the following
sections:

2.1 NUMBER OF CONTROLLED AXES.......................................35
2.2 NAMES OF AXES .....................................................................36
2.3 INCREMENT SYSTEM.............................................................37
2.4 MAXIMUM STROKE................................................................38

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2.CONTROLLED AXES

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2.1

NUMBER OF CONTROLLED AXES

Explanation

The number of controlled axes used with this NC system depends on
the model and system control type as indicated below.

NOTE

1 The maximum number of controlled axes that can

be used is limited depending on the option
configuration. Refer to the manual provided by the
machine tool builder for details.

2 The number of simultaneously controllable axes for

manual operation (jog feed, manual reference
position return, or manual rapid traverse) is 1 or 3
(1 when bit 0 (JAX) of parameter No. 1002 is set to
0 and 3 when it is set to 1).

Series 30

-A

Series 300

-A

Series 300

s-A

Series 31

-A5

Series 310

-A5

Series 310

s-A5

Series 31

-A

Series 310

-A

Series 310

s-A

Series 32

-A

Series 320

-A

Series 320

s-A

Lathe system

2 axes

Number of basic
controlled axes

Machining
center system

3 axes

Controlled axes expansion (total)
(including Cs axes and PMC axes)

Max. 32 axes

Max. 20 axes

Max. 9 axes

Basic simultaneously controlled axes
(each path)

2 axes

Simultaneously controlled axes
expansion (total / each path)

Max. 24 axes

Max. 12 axes

Max. 5 axes

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