Национальный доклад «Молодежь Казахстана – 2016» - часть 19

Health and leisure 

of young generation

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 4.1. 

SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT 

DISEASES OF YOUTH

Health  of  young  generation  is  the  priority  val-

ue  at  the  state  level.  And  above  all,  the  state  strive 
to  safeguard  young  people  from  socially  significant 
diseases,  such  as  tuberculosis,  AIDS,  drug  addiction, 
sexually-transmitted  diseases  and  others.  Diseases 
of this group represent a significant threat to human 
health,  causing  enormous  damage  to  society  asso-
ciated  with  the  loss  of  time  and  steady  working  ca-
pacity,  the  enormous  costs  of  preventive  measures, 
treatment and rehabilitation, premature mortality and 
crime. Young people are the most vulnerable group 
of the population that is quickly drawn into the epi-
demic process. The reasons for the growth of socially 
significant diseases among young people are the mal-
adjustment, a low level of hygienic knowledge, envi-
ronmental conditions and early sexual debut.

According  to  the  Ministry  of  Health  and  Social 

Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the ab-
solute number of young people aged 15-29 who are 
registered in TB dispensaries for the first 6 months of 

2016 reached 4 817 people (Figure 4.1).

The  most  vulnerable  segment  is  an  employable 

young people, having a sufficiently large number of 
contacts. The proportion of the age group from 25 to 

29 years amounted to 40.4% of the total number of 

active TB patients registered in TB dispensaries.

Comparative analysis of the tuberculosis distribu-

tion among the urban and rural youth has shown the 
tendency for the prevalence of the first segment over 
the second one, that is 2 988 cases in absolute units 

(62.03%) against 1 829 cases (37.97%) (Figure 4.2).

The first half of 2016 has indicated the dynamics of 

reducing the number of cases of tuberculosis among 
urban and rural youth aged 21-28 years. At the same 
time there is a growth in the number of cases among 
the urban and rural youth aged 14-19 years compared 
to the previous reporting period (Figure 4.1).

An analysis of the tuberculosis infection distribution 

(in terms of the regions) for 6 months of 2016 has in-

dicated the highest rate of incidence of young people 
aged 14-28 years in South Kazakhstan, Atyrau, Almaty, 
Kyzylorda regions (Figure 4.3).

Oncologic diseases take the second place in the struc-

ture of mortality in Kazakhstan. According to the Kazakh 
Scientific-Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology 

(KazSRIOaR) the incidence of malignant tumors in 2015 

totaled to 207.8 cases per 100 thousand people in the 
country, mortality from malignant tumors equaled to 89.9 
cases per 100 thousand people [1].

Total number of registered oncology patients among 

young people aged 15-29 amounted to 874 people.

Analysis of oncology patients level among young peo-

ple has indicated the highest value in the age group of 

25-29 years, that is 57.2 cases per 100,000 population as 

Figure 4.2 

Comparative analysis of the tuberculosis 

distribution among the urban and rural youth

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 

OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

37,97

62,03

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of the end of 2015 (Figure 4.4).

The incidence level of malignant tumors (oncopathol-

ogy) among young people aged 14-28 years for 2015has 
increased twofold compared with the previous year (Fig-
ure 4.4)

The largest number of oncological diseases among 

young people of the senior age group of 25-29 years has 
been registered in Astana, Almaty, Kyzylorda, Mangystau 
regions according to the results in 2015 (Figure 4.5).

Children and young people are one of the most vul-

nerable categories of the population, taking into account 
their age, behavioral characteristics, the desire and the 
risk to experience the effects of psychotropic drugs, al-
cohol and etc.

The total number of 15-29 years old young people, 

registered in the health authorities (drug clinics) as an 
alcohol and drug addicts, according to the results in 2015 
amounted to 8 916 people, including 7 979 men and 937 

Figure 4.3

A comparative analysis of the number of

young people aged 15-29 years, comprising at

registered in TB dispensaries (Absolute 

numbers) in the context of town / village

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 

OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

14-17 years

18-20 years

25-28 years

21-24 years

712

599

292

226

1236

933

493

326

Figure 4.3

The proportion of young people, in% of total

TB patients 

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

South Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Almaty city

Astana city

East Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangistau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

10,8

6,8

2,4

4,9

5,3

6,0

7,5

6,5

6,0

6,1

5,8

5,3

3,6

8,9

8,4

6,1

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Figure 4.6 The level of malignant tumors (oncopathology) among young people aged 25-29 years 

depending on the regions (per 100 thousand people)

79,6

31,9

17,7

40,1

29,5

54,5

39,4

54,8

37,5

21,1

14,5

21,2

38,5

79,5

27,4

34,7

18,0

20,2

16,1

22,4

8,9

10,2

18,7

16,7

17,9

10,8

12,3

22,0

22,6

13,7

20,5

17,8

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

South Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Almaty city

Astana city

East Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangistau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

women (Figure 4.6).

An analysis of the number of young people registered 

with mental and behavioral disorders due to use of psy-
choactive substances has noted that the main category 

of a youth is those aged 25-29 years (64.8% of the total 
number of young people aged 15-29 years registered in 
the health authorities). The special weight of other age 
cohorts is presented in Figure 4.7.

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There is a reduction in the growth of morbidity among 

young people aged 15-29 years with mental and behav-
ioral disorders due to use of psychoactive substances in 
comparison with previous years (Figure 4.8). Like last year, 
young people aged 25-29 years are the most numerous 
subgroup in the number of diseases among young peo-
ple in general. Provided that, a reduction in the incidence 
rate applies both to all young people as a whole and each 
of its subgroups. However, despite the favorable reduc-
tion in the growth of this disease, it must not be given up 
on that the youth is the most represented risk group on 
the use of psychoactive substances.

The number of young people aged 15-29 years who 

are registered with mental and behavioral disorders due 
to alcohol consumption compared with the previous 
years has significantly decreased from 30 013 cases in 

2014, 22 689 cases in 2015 to 16 423 cases. Moreover, the 

reduction occurs in all age subgroups (Figure 4.9).

There is a general trend of increasing of the AIDS cases 

number, as in most regions, and the cities of Astana and 

Almaty compared with last year (Figure 4.10.). However, 

a decrease of HIV distribution has been shown only in 
Kostanay region (from 25 0% to 18.3%).

Youth health centers (YHC) plays an important role in 

the prevention and treatment of socially significant dis-
eases of young people. Their total number has increased 
to 14 units compared to the previous year (from 77 to 
91), but therefore there is no YHC in the Almaty region; 2 

YHS were closed in the East Kazakhstan region, as well as 

one at a time YHC were closed in the Karaganda region 
and Almaty city. According to the Ministry of Health and 
Social Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan the 
number of YHC has increased in Zhambyl region to 11 
centers, and it is the region with the largest number of 

YHC in the whole republic, also the number of such cen-

ters has increased to 5 in Kyzylorda and to 2 in Aktobe 
regions. (Figure 4.11.).

Young people can obtain a comprehensive (psycho-

logical, legal and medical) consultative assistance, as well 

as social support and assistance for the protection of their 

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rights in each of YHC. Teenagers volunteers are involved 
into work in YHC that has great instructional, preventive 
and educational value. Along with YHC young people can 

get consultative assistance of psychologist and gynecol-
ogist by phone number 150 ( «Hotline»).

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Figure 4.12. Number of YHC in regions

 2015

 І half year of 2016

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 

OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

4

4

7

9

0

0

7

7

7

5

3

14

3

3

9

8

3

8

2

2

7

7

1

1

1

1

2

2

12

12

9

8

77

91

South Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Almaty city

Total

Astana city

East Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangistau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

 4.2. 

 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE, SPORTS 

AND RECREATION WORK AMONG YOUTH 

Field of Physical Culture and Sports serves as one of 

the promising areas that contribute to strong social cohe-
sion of society, formation of a single nation of the future, 

regardless of age and social status. Nowadays sports and 
a healthy lifestyle along with the economic development 
are among the key indicators of the quality of citizens life, 
and are considered an important aspect of social em-
ployment.

Eventually sport is becoming a symbol of national 

unity, solidarity, and stands as one of the most important 
aspects in developing new Kazakhstani patriotism, pride 
and solidarity with the country.

Physical culture and sports are one of the most acces-

sible and effective mechanisms for health improvement, 
self-realization and development, it is a tool in the fight 
against anti-social phenomena [2].

The statistical data analysis has shown that there is 

a decrease in the number of young people engaged in 
sports in most regions. Thus, the negative changes has 
been recorded in Karaganda (from 226 138 people to 

144 162), East Kazakhstan (from 263 766 people to 215 

831), Aktobe (from 154 273 people to 72 911), Pavlodar 

(from 124 325 people to 75 402), Akmola (from 103 137 

people to 67 752), North Kazakhstan (from 88 490 people 
to 44 588), and Mangistau regions (from 88 095 people 
to 52 694).

A significant increase in the number of young people 

involved in sports has been indicated in the South Ka-

zakhstan (from 175 692 people to 346 323), Almaty region 
(from 172 711 to 309 661) and in Almaty city (from 154 
931 to 242 968) (Figure 4.12.).

Also, in comparison with the last year the number of 

young people, engaged in national sports has increased 

(from 265 786 people to 278 235) (Figure 4.14).

4.3. 

 LEISURE OF THE YOUTH

Leisure, as a structural element of free time, performs 

a field for self-realization and self-identification, the de-
velopment of spiritual and physical qualities, based on 
the socio-cultural needs of the individual.

The modern youth, the engagement of which comes 

at a time of socio-economic change in the country, deide-
ologization was often left to its own in the organization 
and carrying out of their leisure time. The opportunities 
are vast, and include new ways of communication, recre-
ation and entertainment. The result of a market economy 
was a commercialization of cultural and entertainment 
centers, which often form their work not relying on the 
interests of young people but relying only on economic 
performance indicators. An additional problem is the lack 
of its access to most of the young people.

It should be separately noted that the result of an ex-

cess of free time, which is due to various reasons cannot 
be properly organized, is the youth requests immaturity, 
their cultural leisure activities needs in its active form.

The importance of creating a leisure culture of youth, 

adjusting it is substantiated by the fact that the conduct 

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Figure 4.13 The specific weight of youth involved in sports in terms of the regions (2015-2016)

67752

103137

72911

154273

309661

172711

74958

62910

215831

263766

106776

90375

91089

52977

144162

226138

82370

55130

143274

117666

52694

88095

75402

124325

44588

88490

346323

175692

106395

104652

242968

154931

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND SPORTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

South Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Almaty city

Astana city

East Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangistau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

 2016   2015

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Figure 4.14 Number of physically challenged young people systematically engaged in physical culture 

and sports in terms of the regions

438

67

567

104

1761

1015

1187

1134

306

1795

365

572

754

1204

440

430

608

420

633

268

1009

336

859

1290

181

1639

200

494

621

1366

551

1264

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND SPORTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

South Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Almaty city

Astana city

East Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangistau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

 2016   2015

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Figure 4.15 The number of young people engaged in national sports in terms of the regions

2244

1666

51855

7800

12345

5260

9348

14845

42045

10534

9928

30150

9768

46566

9902

13979

2027

1600

47410

6593

12129

4460

8498

14669

42032

10496

8475

30020

9417

46210

8971

12779

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND SPORTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

 2016 

 2015 

South Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Almaty city

Astana city

East Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangistau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

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Figure 4.16 

Leisure activity

THE RESULTS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF YOUNG PEOPLE (ACCORDING TO SRC  «YOUTH»)

10,7

15

25,3

25,3

60,7

82,9

83,5

94,9

96,5

97,4

participating to political parties

participating to social participations

visiting museums, theaters, exhibitions

attending concerts

reading books

accessing web - sites

chatting on the Internet

listening to music

meeting with friends

watching TV

of leisure time is also a direct impact on young people’s 
development level, self-realization of its creative potential.

The problem of leisure activities is updated due to 

the fact that the Kazakhstan youth in its free time prefers 
such leisure activities, which are called simple or tradi-
tional forms of spending free time: watching television 

(97.4%), meeting with friends (96.5%), listening to music 
(94.9%), chatting on the Internet (83.5%), accessing web-

sites (82.9%) [3]. In other words it is referred to home 
leisure activities.

The majority of young people prefer to use the Inter-

net for social networking.

So, there are much less young people who read books 

(60.7%), visit museums, theaters and exhibitions (25.3%), 
attend music concerts, festivals (34.5%) (Figure 4.15).

It should be noted that an active social and cultural 

participation outside the home is a sign of leisure use-
fulness.

Most of the young people spend their free time using 

traditional (inactive) forms of leisure activities daily.

A more active forms of leisure activities that involve 

intellectual and cultural development (visiting theaters, 
exhibitions, music concerts, museums) is used by youth 
only once a month or several times a year.

At the same time we cannot accuse the youth for this. 

Since this fact has a direct correlation and the condition-
ality that the domestic form of spending free time do not 
require additional financial costs.

The Figure 4.16 shows the main types of leisure ac-

tivities of young people and almost half of the young 
respondents said that they chat daily on the Internet (so-
cial networks, forums) - 59.5%, and access Internet sites 

(44.9%).

The Internet has created new conditions and opportu-

nities for communication. New Internet technologies can 
break the language barrier, which also greatly simplifies 
the process of communication in the world. Social net-
work is the most popular means of communication, which 
has the ability to overtake real-time communication in 
the future.

A constant access to social networks and forums is 

referred to the influence of negative factors of the Inter-
net on young people socialization. The phenomenon of 
Internet addiction is dangerous for young people.

According to the degree of popularity among the 

youth such social networks as  «VKontakte» (70,7%),  «In-
stagram» (42,5%),  «Moi mir» (30,2%),  «Facebook» (27, 
8%), Odnoklassniki» (26.4%) are out front.

11.6% of respondents do not have accounts on social 

networks (see Figure 4.17).

The prevalence of passive forms of leisure of young 

people have no correlation with the number of cultural 
and leisure centers.

 Data on the number of cultural and entertainment 

centers (including those for young people) in terms of 
the regions and cities of Astana and Almaty are presented 
in Table 4.1.

Despite the large number of cultural and entertain-

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Figure 4.17

 

Leisure activities of young people

THE RESULTS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF YOUNG PEOPLE (ACCORDING TO SRC  «YOUTH»)

Almost 

every day

At least 

once 

a week

At least 

once 

a month

Several times 

a year or less

Never

No answer

Meeting with friends

48,5

34,0

14,0

2,9

0,5

0,3

Watching television

28,7

5,3

1,1

1,2

0,5

Listening to music

60,6

26,3

8,0

2,4

1,7

1,1

Attending music concerts, 

festivals

5,2

8,5

20,8

32,9

31,5

1,2

Going in for sports, physical 

activity, fitness

19,2

32,5

16,4

11,3

19,5

1,2

Reading magazines

9,4

28,6

21,5

14,8

25,1

0,7

Reading books

13,2

25,2

22,3

17,3

20,4

1,7

Accessing web-sites (except 

social networks)

44,9

27,3

10,7

3,9

12,2

1,1

Chatting on the Internet (social 

networks, forums)

59,5

18,0

6,0

3,8

11,6

1,3

Playing computer games

16,3

17,9

13,3

13,5

37,8

1,3

Visiting theatres, museums, 

exhibitions

1,8

8,4

15,1

32,5

41,2

1,2

Visiting bars, restaurants, cafes, 

clubs, discos

3,0

14,0

33,7

30,3

18,2

9,0

Go shopping

3,5

15,8

38,9

21,0

19,2

1,8

Figure 4.18

 

Social networks rating among young people

THE RESULTS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF YOUNG PEOPLE (ACCORDING TO SRC  «YOUTH»)

11.6

26.4

27.8

30.2

42.5

70.7

No account

«Odnoklassniki»

«Facebook»

«Moi Mir»

«Instagram»

«Vkontakte»

ment centers, only half of the responded young people of 
Kazakhstan are satisfied with their quality of work (54.6%, 

14.1% of which - in full, and 40.5% - in part). 22.4% of re-

spondents are not satisfied (17.2% rather than satisfied 
and 5.2% are fully not satisfied) [3].

Thus, despite the positive trends in the sphere of 

youth leisure, produced in the growth of opportunities for 
self-realization and species diversity of leisure activities, 
in general, youth socio-cultural situation is characterized 

by a loss of creative development priorities and self-de-
velopment in general and displacement of emphasis on 
entertainment. Cultural values positions among the mod-
ern Kazakhstan youth are low, passivity and consumerism 
are dominant.

All of these factors indicate the urgent need of youth 

free time regulation, the primary purpose of which should 
be the creation of its leisure culture. New principles and 
methods of work with young people should take into 

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Table 4.1. The number of cultural and entertainment centers (including those for young people) 

(as for the first half year of 2016) 

SOURCE: LOCAL EXECUTIVE AUTHORITIES

Region

The total 

number of 

cultural centers 

Recreation 

centers 

and clubs

Libraries Museums Theatres Philharmonic 

Halls

Others

Akmola region

666

271

379

11

2

1

1

Aktobe region

475

203

239

20

-

-

3

Almaty region

292

-

-

-

-

-

-

Atyrau region

281

-

21

11

24

-

1

East Kazakhstan region

639

305

322

10

2

-

-

Zhambyl region

499

199

287

7

2

1

3

West Kazakhstan region

695

275

396

17

2

-

5

Karaganda region

267

-

-

-

-

-

-

Kyzylorda region

394

172

209

11

1

1

-

Kostanay region

701

295

387

10

4

1

4

Mangistau region

118

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pavlodar region

530

235

280

13

2

-

-

North Kazakhstan region

589

240

317

12

3

1

16

South Kazakhstan region

730

254

423

25

8

1

19

Astana city

63

-

-

-

-

-

-

Almaty city

457

-

30

16

15

-

396

account the needs, requests of the youth (personally-sig-
nificant), and at the same time to contribute to a higher 

level of leisure culture (social-oriented activity).

However, the researchers note that the task of organiz-

ing leisure activities is paramount in terms of prevention 
of deviant behavior of youth.

An important task in this context is the creation of 

equal opportunities for leisure activities for all catego-
ries of young people. Commercialization of the sphere of 

leisure has influenced by the growing gap between the 
different categories of the country’s youth in part.

Thus, it is clear that transformations aimed at updat-

ing and improvement of the regulatory system of free 
time and leisure-time activities is necessary in the sphere 
of youth leisure. And it is also important to emphasize the 
attractiveness of leisure centers and activities for young 
people.

At the stage of encouraging young people to partici-

pate in the social and cultural creativity and their involve-
ment to socially significant leisure activities, public service 
advertising could play a positive role. Since, watching TV 
is the most common form of leisure of Kazakhstan youth 
for today.

Whereas the third stage is important with the infra-

structure development, that is, through the creation of 
conditions for leisure activities of young people, their 
creative self-realization, through the development of 
cultural environment, expanding the network of cultural 
institutions and increasing their accessibility, quality and 
effectiveness of their work.

***

 Young people are the most vulnerable group of the 

population that is quickly drawn into the epidemic pro-
cess. The reasons for the growth of socially significant 
diseases among young people are the maladjustment, 

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Figure 4.20 

Forming youth leisure culture

encouraging young people to 

participate in social and cultural 

creativity

involvement of youth to socially 

significant leisure activities

material and technical, organizational 

and methodical and personnel support 

the youth leisure 

a low level of hygienic knowledge and environmental 
conditions.

The incidence level of malignant tumors (oncopath-

ology) among young people aged 14-28 years for 2015 
has increased twofold compared with the previous year.

There is a reduction in the growth of morbidity among 

young people aged 15-29 years with mental and behav-
ioral disorders due to use of psychoactive substances in 
comparison with previous years. The number of young 
people aged 15-29 years old who are registered with 
mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol con-
sumption compared with the previous years has signifi-
cantly decreased from 30 013 cases in 2014, 22 689 cases 
in 2015 to 16 423 cases.

The statistical data analysis showed that there is a de-

crease in the number of young people engaged in sports 
in most regions. Thus, the negative changes has been re-
corded in Karaganda, East Kazakhstan, Aktobe, Pavlodar, 

Akmola, North Kazakhstan, and Mangistau regions. A sig-

nificant increase in the number of young people involved 
in sports has been indicated in the South Kazakhstan 
region, Almaty region and in Almaty city.

The problem of leisure activities is updated due to 

the fact that the Kazakhstan youth in its free time prefers 
such leisure activities, which are called simple or tradi-
tional forms of spending free time: watching television 

(97.4%), meeting with friends (96.5%), listening to music 

(94.9%), chatting on the Internet (83.5%), accessing web-

sites (82.9%).

At the same time, the prevalence of passive forms 

of leisure of young people have no correlation with the 
number of cultural and entertainment centers. 

Despite the positive trends in the sphere of youth 

leisure, produced in the growth of opportunities for 
self-realization and species diversity of leisure activities, 
in general, youth socio-cultural situation is characterized 
by a loss of creative development priorities and self-de-
velopment in general and displacement of emphasis on 
entertainment. 

 

REFERENCES:

1.  В Казахстане онкологические заболевания 

занимают второе место по смертности //

http://www.zakon.kz/4773129-v-kazakhstane-
onkologicheskie.html

2.  Концепция  развития  физической  культу-

ры и спорта Республики Казахстан до 2025 
года — см.: Указ Президента Республики Казах-

стан от 11 января 2016 г. №168 «Об утвержде-

нии Концепции развития физической культуры 
и спорта Республики Казахстан до 2025 года» // 

http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/U1600000168

3.  «Изучение общественно-политической ситуа-

ции в молодежной среде» 3 квартал 2016 года 
научно-исследовательский центр«Молодежь».

4.  Суртаев В.Я. Молодежный досуг как социаль-

но-педагогическое явление: Автореф. дис. 
д-ра пед. наук. — СПб.: СПбГАК, 1995. — 33с.

5.  Суртаев В.Я. Социология молодежного досуга 

/ В.Я. Суртаев. — СПб: Ростов н/Д.: Изд-во «Ге-

фест», 1998. — 224с.

6.  Суртаев В.Я. Молодежная культура. — СПб.: Пи-

тер, 1999. — 216с.

E

ducation 

and science 

in the young 

people’s life

CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER

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TION AND SCIENCE IN THE Y

OUNG PEOPLE’S LIFE

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National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

 

5.1.

 

 ENFORCEMENT OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE’S 

RIGHT FOR EDUCATION: ACCESSIBILITY, 

QUALITY, USE OF INNOVATIONS IN THE 

EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

Kazakhstan occupies 42d place among 140 coun-

tries  of  the  world  in  the  Global  Competitiveness  In-
dex  of  2015  -  2016  by  the  World  Economic  Forum. 

The  progress  in  education  and  science  indexes  has 

reached 8 out of 12 indexes, including the quality of 
education and research organizations, schools, access 
to  internet,  access  to  research  and  educational  ser-
vices.

UNESCO also indicates the progress in achieving 

the  country’s  Millennium  Development  Goals.  Ka-
zakhstan is among ten leading countries on the edu-
cation development indexes.

Education  is  one  of  three  main  factors  of  sub-

jective  ranking  of  human  development  by  the  Unit-
ed Nations. In 2015, Kazakhstan joined the group of 
countries with high development levels, taking 56th 
place among 188 world economics.

In  the  age  of  information  and  the  rapidly  devel-

oping  science  and  technology  the  education  is  one 
of the most important social institutions. The proper-

ly organized educational system which meets all the 

current challenges, providing full range of social, eco-
nomic and political needs, creates conditions for the 
well-balanced development of society. The education 
system is a fundamental resource, framework for our 

nation upraise.

The education system development in Kazakhstan 

follows  the  «State  Education  and  Science  Develop-
ment Program of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2016-

2019» approved by the Decree No 205 of the Republic 

of Kazakhstan President as of March 1, 2016 [1]. 

Secondary education

Since the Independence, the secondary education in 

the Republic of Kazakhstan due to new requirements of 
our days has undergone significant modernization. To 
meet the modern success criteria, the citizen must have 
a number of skills and competencies. Among them are 

financial and legal literacy, initiative and teamwork skills. 

The most relevant skills for the early XXI century is in-

formation technology expertise, the knowledge of ex-
panding information flows, and ability to adapt to the 
constantly emerging technological innovations.

According to the Statistics Committee of the Ministry 

of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as 
of the beginning of the 2015-2016 academic year, the 
Republic had 7,511 schools, including 7,160 day-time 
secondary schools. Where 1,665 (23.3%) schools are in 
the cities, and 5,495 (76.7%) in rural areas. 

The number of primary schools in the country amount-

ed to 839 (12%), basic schools - 1,062 (15%), secondary 
schools - 5,259 (73%) [2]. Figure 5.1 presents data on the 
prevalence of general education day-time school types 
in Kazakhstan for 2015-2016 academic year. 

In 2015-2016 academic year, the total number of sec-

Figure 5.1 

Prevalence of a general education day-time 

schools in 2015-2016 academic year,%

 Primary schools

 Basic schools

 Secondary schools

SOURCE: STATISTICS COMMITTEE OF THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL 

ECONOMY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

12

%

15

%

73

%