Design Principles High-speed Maglev System. Information (MSB, 2007)

High-speed Maglev System

Maglev Technical Commit-

tee

Design Principles

Vehicle

Table of Contents

Distribution

Amendment summary:

Table of Contents

General

Purpose and scope

High-speed Maglev System Implementation Bases

Abbreviations and definitions

Acts, Orders, Standards and Directives

Identification and binding force of requirements

References

Definitions (vehicle-specific)

General requirements

Function

Design of mechanical components

Fundamental design principles

Collision behaviour

Safety requirements

Safety-related functions

Fire safety

Body

Support/guidance system, braking equipment

Annex Weighing the Maglev Vehicle

Preparation

Terms of reference and boundary conditions

Measurement below support skids

Measurement beneath the backs of the support magnets

Supplementary measured quantities

Evaluation

Documentation

Annex List of requirements for acceptance (example)

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

Doc.no.:

67698

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Issue date

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Table of Figures

Fig. 10: Side view and front view of a vehicle (schematic diagram)

Fig. 11: Vehicle cross-section (schematic diagram)

Fig. 12: Main subdivision of vehicle

Fig. 13: Subdivision of body

Fig. 14: Subdivision of support/guidance system

Fig. 15: Designations of essential body structure assemblies (examples)

Fig. 16: Designations of fairing elements of body and support/guidance system

(schematic diagram)

Fig. 17: Designations of essential assemblies of the support/guidance system (schematic

diagram side view)

Fig. 18: Designations of essential assemblies and dimensions of the support/guidance

system (schematic diagram cross-section)

Fig. 19: Designations of essential assemblies of the underbody structure (schematic

diagram)

Fig. 20: Schematic diagram for the method of measurement beneath the support skid..28

Fig. 21: Schematic diagram of the method of measurement beneath the backs of the

support magnets

Fig. 22: Example of measurement results for a vehicle with three sections in the form of a

table and chart (hypothetical measured values)

Fig. 23: Example of a schematic diagram for the coupling supporting forces and their

effective direction on a vehicle with three sections

Fig. 24: Example of a schematic diagram showing the supplementary measured

quantities for pneumatic spring pressure, levelling position, coupling supporting force

and position of the extra weights on a vehicle with three sections

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

Doc.no.:

67698

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Design Principles

Vehicle

General

Purpose and scope

The present Design Principles Vehicle Part I “General Requirements” lay down the gene-

ral requirements for the vehicle and the certification procedure

The present Design Principles apply to a high-speed maglev system pursuant to the Gene-

ral Maglev Act [Allgemeines Magnetschwebebahngesetz /AMbG/].

The present document shall be applied to the specification, execution and certification of

maglev vehicles.

Project-specific requirements shall be agreed between the approval authority, high-speed

maglev system operator (operator) and vehicle supplier. These shall be documented in the

target requirements (supply and performance specification) based on the maglev opera-

tor’s specification.

The term “vehicle” in the Design Principles Vehicle (Parts I - V) shall exclusively be

taken to mean a levitated vehicle of a high-speed maglev system.

Deviations from the requirements and stipulations in this document require proof of iden-

tical safety.

This Part I of the Design Principles Vehicle comprises:

• Definitions of the vehicle structure and assemblies;

• General requirements for vehicles;

• Requirements for acceptance.

High-speed Maglev System Implementa-

tion Bases

This document forms part of a set of documentation for high-speed maglev systems

comprising several Implementation Bases. The documentation tree is shown in Figure 1

/MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/.

The parent Design Principles Complete System and the Annexes thereof apply uniformly

to the full set of documentation:

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles Complete System, doc. no.: 50630,

/MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/, with Annexes:

•

Annex 1: Abbreviations and definitions, doc. no.: 67536, /MSB AG-

ABK&DEF/

•

Annex 2: Acts, Orders, Standards and Directives, doc. no.: 67539, /MSB AG-

NORM&RILI/

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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•

Annex 3: Environmental Conditions, doc. no.: 67285, /MSB AG-

ENVIRONMENT/

•

Annex 4: Operating Rules (Driving and Maintenance), doc. no.: 69061, /MSB

AG-BTR/

•

Annex 5: Sound, doc. no.: 72963, /MSB AG-SCHALL/

The documentation relating to the vehicle comprises the following:

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles Vehicle, Part I: General Require-

ments, doc. no.: 67698, /MSB AG-FZ GEN/

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles Vehicle, Part II: Dimensioning,

doc. no.: 67694, /MSB AG-FZ BEM/

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles Vehicle, Part III: Kinematic gauge,

doc. no.: 67650, /MSB AG-FZ KIN/

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles Vehicle, Part IV: Support/guidance

Engineering, doc. no.: 73388, /MSB AG-FZ TRAFÜ/

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles Vehicle, Part V: Brake Engineering,

doc. no.: 73389, /MSB AG-FZ BREMS/

Overriding definitions of the interfaces between the individual subsystems are given in

High-speed Maglev System Complete System /MSB AG-GESAMTSYS /. The High-

speed Maglev System Design Principles Complete System shall therefore always be used

in conjunction with the other Implementation Bases.

The contents of Parts I to V of the High-speed Maglev System Implementation Bases Ve-

hicle are summarised under the bullet points below:

Part I

General Requirements

• Definitions of the vehicle structure and assemblies;

• General requirements for vehicles;

• Requirements for acceptance.

Part II Design

• Stipulation of operating conditions, influences and combinations of influences;

• Certification of static strength and fatigue strength, stability and rigidity.

Part III Kinematic gauge

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

• Definition of the kinematic functions;

• Definition of the relevant geometric data and failure states;

• Terms of reference for proof of gauge.

Part IV Support/guidance Engineering

• Definition of the support/guidance system;

• Requirements for support/guidance system functions;

• Influences of the support/guidance system on the guideway.

Part V

Brake Engineering

• Definition of braking equipment;

• Requirements for functions of the braking equipment;

• Influences of braking equipment on the guideway.

Abbreviations and definitions

The abbreviations and definitions given in /MSB AG-ABK&DEF/ apply.

Acts, Orders, Standards and Directives

The normative documents listed in /MSB AG-NORM&RILI/ contain stipulations which

become part of the High-speed Maglev System Implementation Bases by virtue of refe-

rence in the High-speed Maglev System Implementation Bases. When normative docu-

ments in /MSB AG-NORM&RILI/ are dated, later amendments or revisions of these

publications do not apply. When references are undated, the most recent issue of the nor-

mative document referred to is applicable.

The issue date of the Standards and Directives to be taken into account in a maglev pro-

ject shall be fixed with binding force for that specific project.

The checklist in Annex 0 of this document mentions Standards, compliance with which -

inasmuch as applicable to the high-speed maglev system - can be checked in principle on

acceptance of the vehicle pursuant to Section 6 /MbBO/.

The attached checklist serves as an example. It shall be agreed on a project-specific basis

between the approval authority, the high-speed maglev system operator and the vehicle

supplier, together with the Standards and test and certification procedures to be used.

If Standards for the high-speed maglev system are not recognised as uniquely applicable,

further maglev-specific Implementation Bases may be compiled by the Maglev Technical

Committee Vehicle.

There are, in addition, other Standards, e.g. material standards, fabrication standards,

maintenance standards, compliance with which is not explicitly checked as part of ac-

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

Doc.no.:

67698

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Issue date

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Design Principles

Vehicle

ceptance pursuant to Section 6 /MbBO/, but compliance with which is the responsibil-

ity of the manufacturer or operator.

Identification and binding force of re-

quirements

In compiling the present document, the regulations conforming to /DIN 820/ were essen-

tially applied.

In the following chapters and annexes of this document

• requirements are denoted by regular font

• explanatory notes, guideline values and examples are denoted by italics.

If references are made in this document to project-specific regulations in an individual

case, this means that agreement shall be reached between manufacturer and operator (e.g.

in specifications or a contractual arrangement) in consultation with the approval authori-

ty.

References

The references listed below represent a summary of the reference sources referred to in

this document. A complete list of all the reference documentation referred to in the MSB

Implementation Bases will be found in /MSB AG-NORM&RILI/.

Document

Description

/BrandReg/

Regulation for the fire safety rating of railbound vehicles as part of

acceptance in accordance with Section 32 EBO;

Principles of fire safety requirements with reference to EN 45545;

Agreement between Federal Railways Office, Deutsche Bahn AG,

German Railway Industry Association, 01.06.2006

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Definitions (vehicle-specific)

Fig. 49 and Fig. 50 show the side and front view and cross-section of a typical ve-

hicle and explain the characteristic dimensions.

The vehicles shall be formed from vehicle sections which are autarkic in respect

of support and guidance function, braking equipment, on-board energy supply

and bodywork.

The connection of vehicle sections may be effected by section-connecting lift

magnets and by a section coupling (see Fig. 49, Fig. 54, Fig. 56).

There are end sections and mid sections. An end section differs from a mid secti-

on in having a nose additional to the cell structure (Fig. 54).

The underbody structure of the support/guidance system below the nose may be

a nose fairing rigidly mounted to the frame (see Fig. 55).

The equipment of the operational control system, radio facilities and detection

devices required for the functioning of the operational controls and the drive can

be integrated in the end sections.

A vehicle may have 2 end sections and up to 8 mid sections¹⁾.

The system length of a vehicle section must correspond to the geometric length

of an L_MS mid section.

L_MS is equivalent to 8 times the lift magnet system length (L_sys,TM) and 96 times

the pole pitch (e_x,_{pole pitch}):

L_MS = 8 · L_sys,TM

= 96 · e_{x,pole pitch}

= 8 · 3 096 mm = 96 · 258 mm

= 24 768 mm

L_MS is the geometric length of a mid section over centre of section coupling or

centre of section-connecting lift magnets.

The geometric length of the end section L_ES may deviate from the system length

of the mid section L_MS - depending on the design and dimensions of the nose.

The geometric vehicle length L_Veh of a vehicle with 2 end sections and n mid sec-

tions is:

L_Veh = 2 · L_ES + n · L_MS .

¹⁾Vehicles with only one end section may be used for special applications. Correspon-

ding project-specific adjustments are required.

Vehicles with up to 20 sections may be configured for special applications; here separate

certification is required.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

grade line

B_WK-A

•

Fig. 50: Vehicle cross-section (schematic diagram)

Designation

Abbreviation

External body width

B_WK-A

Height body over grade line (without antenna)

H_WK-Grd

Height floor top edge over grade line

H_FTE-Grd

Height vehicle (incl. antenna) over grade line

HVeh-Grd

Height outside body over floor top edge

H_WK-FTE

Height grade line over vehicle bottom edge

HGrd-Veh.BE

Total vehicle height (without antenna)

H_Veh.tot

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

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The vehicle is divided up as shown in the diagrams (Fig. 51 to Fig. 53).

The vehicle section may comprise the body and support/guidance system (Fig. 51). The

bodywork may comprise the body structure with cell and underfloor as well as the body

equipment (Fig. 52).

The cell may comprise the cell structure, nose (end section only) and windows

(Fig. 54).

The cell structure may comprise floor, side walls, windows and roof.

The outer shell may comprise the elements shown in Fig. 55.

The support/guidance system may comprise the structural assemblies including the shell

(magnetic running gear) and the functional assemblies (electrical and electronic sub-

assemblies) including the on-board energy supply.

The braking equipment may be integrated in the support/guidance system. The brake po-

wer may be generated by brake magnets and removed via the support/guidance structure

(Fig. 56, Fig. 57).

The operational control engineering equipment may be integrated in the body as part of

the technical equipment and have interfaces for the vehicle’s on-board energy supply as

well as for body equipment (e.g. doors) using control and monitoring signals, and for the

support/guidance system (magnetic running gear) including braking equipment. These

interfaces shall be specified between control engineering and vehicle.

Equipment for position fixing for the operation of drive and control engineering may be

integrated in the support/guidance system.

The requirements for position fixing shall be specified from the drive or control enginee-

ring side.

Fahrzeug

Wagen-

Trag- /

kasten

Führsystem

•

Fahrzeug = vehicle; Wagenkasten = body; Trag-/Führsystem = support/guidance system

•

Fig. 51: Main subdivision of vehicle

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Body

Body structure

Body equipment

Technical equip-

Interior

Cell

Underfloor

ment

equipment

External doors

Interior trim

Cell structure

Mounting structu-

Section coupling

Section transition

Nose

Seating

Body bridging

Air conditioning

Luggage racks /

Windows

panel

system

hand rails

Fire safety system

Rescue equipment

Lighting system

Communication /

information equip-

ment

Pneumatic supply

Cargo transporta-

system

tion equipment

Safety equipment

Plumbing unit

(WC)

Radio equipment

Vehicle-integrated equip-

ment for drive and opera-

tional control engineering

Position fixing

^*)functions

equipment

•

Fig. 52: Subdivision of body

•

Position and velocity information needed for vehicle operation can be generated by the func-

tional assemblies of the support/guidance system and/or by the position fixing equipment

for the drive and operational control engineering functions.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

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•

Support/guidance

system

Part IV

Structural assemblies

Functional assemblies

Brake equipment

Position fixing

Support/guidance system

Part V

equipment sensors

(magnetic running gear)

Underbody structu-

Support

Body coupling/

secondary suspen-

Guidance

sion

Magnets /

On-board energy

magnetic coupling

supply

(incl. battery container)

Equipment for drive

Control /

and operational

Support skids

Monitoring

control engineering

function ^*)

•

Fig. 53: Subdivision of support/guidance system

•

Position and velocity information needed for vehicle operation can be generated by the func-

tional assemblies of the support/guidance system and/or by the position fixing equipment

for the drive and operational control engineering functions.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

L_sys,TM

SG1

SG2

SG3

SG4

TM = lift magnet

= guide magnet

BM = brake magnet

= levitation underbody

= levitation frame

= secondary spring

= longitudinal connection

•

Fig. 56: Designations of essential assemblies of the support/guidance system (schematic diagram

side view)

e_y,TK

FM/BM

e_y,TM

lift magnet centre distance e_y,TM =

vehicle gau-

support skid centre distance e_y,TK

TM = lift magnet

= guide magnet

BM = brake magnet

= support skid

= secondary spring

•

Fig. 57: Designations of essential assemblies and dimensions of the support/guidance system (sche-

matic diagram cross-section)

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

General requirements

Function

•

This is covered by the description in /MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/.

Design of mechanical components

Fundamental design principles

•

The design of load-transmitting structural and fairing parts as well as of externally

mounted and built-in components which do not perform a load-transmitting function shall

be governed by Part II /MSB AG-FZ BEM/.

Collision behaviour

The obstructions defined in /MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/ shall be regarded as a representati-

ve spectrum of collision-causing obstructions which can get into the free space of the ve-

hicle due to environmental or third-party influence.

Collision behaviour shall be determined using numerical simulation calculations und as-

sessed with regard to the impact on vehicle structure and human safety.

In order to obtain the collision behaviour specified in /MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/, chapter

5.4.7.2, the following requirements shall be met:

• no separation of support skids and magnets from the vehicle structure,

• no deformation of cable ducts leading to the failure of safety-related functions,

• no passenger compartment deformation which could pose a threat to personal safety

(deformation with possible threat to personal safety is limited to the end section nose).

• The acceleration acting on the entire vehicle caused by collision in accordance with

defined scenarios shall be tolerated by the assemblies not directly affected by the col-

lision in such a manner that they do not become detached and hence do not affect per-

sonal safety.

The nose space shall not be accessible to passengers. The nose space is not a workplace.²

² If the nose space is defined as a workplace, the collision scenarios shall take this into

consideration.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

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Safety requirements

Safety-related functions

A safety certificate taking account of the requirements arising from the project-specific

safety concept (see also /MSB AG-FZ TRAFÜ/ and /MSB AG-FZ BREMS/) shall be

furnished for the following functions:

• Support and guidance,

• Safe braking,

• On-board energy supply.

Other safety-related functions and equipment shall be implemented and certified in accor-

dance with the relevant Standards. See Chapter 0, Annex for definition and certification.

The list of acceptance requirements in Chapter 0, Annex is based on experience gained on

railways and high-speed maglev systems.

/EN 50128/ shall be used for software-implemented safety-related functions.

Fire safety

Fire safety design

In the fire safety design of the vehicles due regard shall be paid to the safety objectives

given in Design Principles Complete System Chapter 5.4.1.1.

Essential fire safety requirements are specified in /MbBO/ (Chapter 4 Vehicles, Section

17 (5). This relates, among other things, to classification of the maglev vehicle according

to DIN 5510-1, fire safety level 4, as well as to the fact that in the event of fire in one ve-

hicle section, people must be protected for at least 30 min. in the other vehicle sections

pending rescue.

The subject-specific regulations from /BrandReg/ shall be used³⁾ to the extent applicable

to the fire safety design and acceptance of maglev vehicles.

The fire safety requirements of the MbBO are covered by /BrandReg/.

Based on /BrandReg/, the maglev vehicle for passenger transportation corresponding to

vehicle type “electric and diesel train units - d” (Chapter 3.2) must be operated with the

classification E4 (Chapter 3.3) if side evacuation is impossible or presents considerable

difficulty on a section of more than 500 m.

The scope of /BrandReg/ relates to rail vehicles. /BrandReg/ does not cover automatically propelled trains. The accep-

tance of maglev vehicles is effected according to Section 6, /MbBO/.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

The manufacturer shall draw up a vehicle-related fire safety concept (FSC). This shall be

used as the basis for the fire safety design and certification of the vehicle as well as for the

safety concept in accordance with /MbBO/. Here special allowance shall be made for the

fact that during automatic operation there may be no trained personnel in the vehicle.

One component of the FSC shall be a consideration of fire risks and their possible im-

pacts. Here there shall be an indication of the system-specific interlinking of engineering,

structural and operational measures.

In accordance with /MbBO/, Section 17 (5) (4), the vehicles shall be equipped with auto-

matic fire alarms and portable fire extinguishers. The fire extinguishers shall be kept in

easily accessible locations inside the vehicle and clearly labelled. They shall be distribu-

ted uniformly throughout the length of the vehicle and provided at the ends of the vehicle.

In addition to this, the following areas shall be monitored by fire alarms:

• all areas accessible to passengers,

• the fresh air supply,

• toilets (if present),

• separate engineering areas and separate luggage areas (depending on the fire risk).

When the fire alarm device is activated, the fire alarm shall sound in the vehicle and im-

mediately be transmitted to the operations centre and displayed there. Automatic control

procedures shall be triggered by the fire alarm system installed in the vehicle. For e-

xample, this includes shutting down the air treatment system, if there is one, and trigge-

ring the fire-fighting system.

The engineering equipment of the vehicle shall be designed as far as possible to preclude

the starting of a fire, and so that the impacts with reference to the safety targets defined in

/MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/, Chapter 5.4.1.1 remain acceptable. The specification of the

equipment shall be based on the fire risk analysis, among other things.

With reference to the safety targets defined in the Implementation Bases Complete System

Chapter 5.4.1.1, the requirement with regard to a fire event focussing on “waiting areas”

is fleshed out as follows:

A possible fire event in a vehicle section or in the engineering area shall not lead to loss

of the support, guidance or safe braking functions, or of vehicle stability or vehicle-side

operational control engineering, at least for the period required to reach a suitable stop-

ping place for evacuation⁴. Over this period and the evacuation period the people waiting

in the vehicle shall be guaranteed conditions acceptable for health.

With regard to minimising the danger to rescue teams, technical installations not associa-

ted with an emergency function shall be shut down. This shall be indicated to the rescue

teams in suitable form. If this is not possible, an appropriate shutdown device shall be

provided on the vehicle.

If necessary, further fire safety measures shall be laid down on a project-specific basis,

depending on the operational function and defined operational boundary conditions.

⁴ Suitable stopping places for evacuation must be laid down on a project-specific basis.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Fire safety certification

With due regard to the certification requirements listed in /BrandReg/, individual certifi-

cates shall be provided for the following, depending on the transport function (e.g. pas-

senger transport):

•

Fire safety certificate of suitability of materials used

(e.g. seats),

•

Certificates for fire compartmentalising assemblies and functions

(e.g. end doors),

•

Proof of functionality of electrical safety equipment

(e.g. contactors),

•

Proof of functionality of fire detection systems and fire-fighting systems, if present,

•

Proof of the support/guidance function of the high-speed maglev system;

the magnetic support function of the vehicle gives the motivity of the vehicle together

with the operational viability of the drive,

•

Proof of functionality of operational control engineering equipment in the vehicle, see

/MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/, chapter 5.4.1.2.2.1;

the fire safety features of the vehicle’s operational control engineering equipment

shall be covered as part of vehicle fire safety testing,

•

Proof of functionality of communications equipment

(e.g. emergency call equipment),

•

Proof of functionality of emergency exits (e.g. door opening from inside) and rescue

equipment (e.g. ladders),

•

Installation plans for fire safety aids (e.g. fire extinguishers) and communications e-

quipment (e.g. monitors) as well as signs (e.g. pictograms),

•

Proof of third-party rescue facilities (e.g. emergency door opening from outside),

•

Proof of equal safety for measures deviating from regulatory requirements (e.g. mate-

rial requirements),

•

Proof of an adequate time span for passenger evacuation based on the “passenger

compartment” design fire scenario at a continuously increasing heat release rate to a

maximum value of at least 120 kW after 5 min. (minimum fire load of 136 MJ as well

as calorific value at 21 MJ/kg);

a different specification may be agreed on a project-specific basis, depending on

transport function.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Body

Characteristic body bending frequency: see /MSB AG-FZ BEM/, proof of rigidity.

The data specified in /MSB AG-FZ TRAFÜ/ applies to fairing parts and the seals thereof.

Lighting system

Once the on-board electrical system has been inactivated, emergency lighting in the pas-

senger compartment shall be effective for a period of 1 h, see Chapter 0, (III).

The need for persistent escape signs shall be checked on a project-specific basis.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

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Support/guidance system, braking equipment

The requirements for the support/guidance system are covered in /MSB AG-FZ TRAFÜ/.

The requirements for the braking equipment are covered in /MSB AG-FZ BREMS/.

The requirements for the on-board energy supply from the S/G system, the braking e-

quipment and the operational control equipment integrated in the vehicle are described in

/MSB AG-FZ TRAFÜ/.

Battery containers

The supply and removal of air from the battery container housings shall be monitored. See

/DIN 57510/, /VDE 0510/ for ventilation periods (e.g. overrun after vehicle shutdown).

The intake and outlet battery container ventilation apertures shall be geometrically arran-

ged to preclude battery waste air being sucked in by the air conditioning equipment when

the vehicle is moving or at a standstill. Air conduction shall be guaranteed under all cli-

matic conditions, including winter.

Inadvertent opening of the containers shall be impossible at voltages over 60V.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

Doc.no.:

67698

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Design Principles

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Annex Weighing the Maglev Vehicle

Preparation

A project-specific test specification shall be submitted before taking the measurements for

the determination of weight.

This serves the purpose of defining the prerequisites, sequence, basic conditions and type

of documentation prior to measurement.

The test specification shall include the following essential points:

• Objective and backg2round of measurements,

• Definition of essential basic conditions (e.g. separate section couplings etc.),

• Description of test method (sequence, plausibility checks etc.),

• Planning variables for the trial (e.g. time requirement, boundary conditions in conduct

of testing),

• Description of measuring equipment (accuracy class, calibration),

• Description of requisite documentation (tables, photographs etc.).

Terms of reference and boundary condi-

tions

Different terms of reference may apply to the determination of weight for maglev vehic-

les, depending on target definition and measurement conditions (e.g. section coupling

condition / measurement below support skid or back of support magnet).

To determine the vehicle weight for maglev vehicles, the measurements shall be taken at

the individual levitation frames of the left and right side of the vehicle in each case.

Two categories may be taken into consideration for the condition of the vehicle during

measurement:

• Measurement of vehicle weight without section coupling engaged,

• Measurement with section coupling engaged, the supporting forces transmitted by the

section coupling then having to be measured as well.

The following boundary conditions shall be met in order to ensure a representative weight

determination:

• The vehicle shall be in the equipped condition (at least with active levelling control).

• The vehicle shall be in the weigher, i.e. the permissible deviations within the support

skid bottom edge reference plane are ± 2 mm relative to the skid linings when new.

This tolerance applies in relation to the levitation frame currently to be measured, at

least to all the levitation frames assigned to the same pneumatic spring circuit, and to

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Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

the levitation frames assigned to the adjacent pneumatic spring circuit in the current

section belonging to the same pneumatic spring circuit in the adjacent section, the last

requirement only relating to the case when measurement is carried out without a sepa-

rated section coupling. These conditions apply in the further course of the text if this

tolerance is named.

• The whole train must have levitated completely at least once prior to measurement, so

that internal distortion forces are reduced.

• The bellows present in section transition areas shall be dismantled during measure-

ment in order to preclude any force transmission through same.

• When weight is determined without first detaching the section coupling, the coupling

forces transmitted shall also be measured.

• During sequential measurement, i.e. when the weight is not measured simultaneously

at all levitation frames, sufficient repeat measurements shall be carried out in order to

preclude the influence of any existing distortions or other error sources.

• The tolerance of the measuring equipment shall not exceed ± 2 %.

The weight of the vehicle may be measured at various locations.

Two commonly used methods and the boundary conditions specifically to be taken into

account are described below.

As a rule measurement is accompanied by a weight statement tracking the changes cau-

sed by items fitted and/or removed.

Any deviation from the specified procedure before or during measurement shall be agreed

on a project-specific basis.

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Design Principles

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Measurement below support skids

When measurements are taken below the support skids, the measuring equipment must be

located between the support skid and sliding face or top guideway edge with the vehicle

lowered.

support skid

measuring equipment

and equalising plate

sliding face plane

guide magnet

support magnet

levitation frame

•

Fig. 59: Schematic diagram for the method of measurement beneath the support skid

During measurement, care shall be taken to comply with the maximum deviation of ±

2 mm in the plane of the support skid bottom edges. It shall also be ensured that the level-

ling control is in the steady state.

The following applies to measurement:

• For simultaneous measurement at all levitation frames of the section, measuring e-

quipment is placed beneath the support skids.

• For sequential measurement, the section is completely packed underneath with equali-

sing plates which are successively exchanged for measuring equipment of the same

height.

In the aforementioned measurement method beneath the support skids it may be possible

to achieve easier introduction of the measuring equipment (weighing plates between sup-

port skids and guideway) with a different parameter set (smaller support gap).

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Design Principles

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Measurement beneath the backs of the

support magnets

When determining the vehicle weight beneath the backs of the support magnets, the mea-

suring equipment must be located between support magnet bottom edge and a support

(e.g. prop). In this measurement method the vehicle shall be lowered onto the supports

from the levitating state. It shall be ensured that the support skids have no contact with the

guideway during measurement.

support skid

guide magnet

support magnet

support with

measuring e-

quipment

•

Fig. 60: Schematic diagram of the method of measurement beneath the backs of the support magnets

Care shall be taken not to exceed a deviation of ± 2 mm in the plane of the support skid

bottom edges during measurement. Here it shall also be ensured that the levelling control

is in the steady state.

It is recommended that reference marks be introduced in order to comply with the tole-

rances relative to the support skid bottom edges. However these should not be located in

areas of which the geometric position (relative to the bottom edge of the support skids) is

influenced by the introduction of a load to the underbody straps.

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The following applies to measurement:

• For simultaneous measurements at all levitation frames of the section, measuring e-

quipment shall be placed at an appropriate height beneath the backs of the support

magnets and the vehicle lowered on top.

• For sequential measurement, the section shall be supported completely at the ap-

propriate height beneath the backs of the support magnets. To determine the weight at

individual levitation frames, the supports shall be successively replaced by a support

with integrated measuring equipment.

Supplementary measured quantities

In order to ensure that recording of the relevant influencing factors is as complete as pos-

sible when taking weight measurements, the additional measurement of the pneumatic

spring pressures and the vehicle’s levelling position is advisable.

When determining the vehicle’s weight and simultaneously measuring the coupling force,

it is advisable to take further measurements with an extra weight (mass > 500 kg) at vari-

ous x-positions in the body, so as to mathematically simulate the influence of a variable

payload on the support behaviour of the section coupling.

Evaluation

The evaluation of the weighing shall list the weights determined at all levitation frames, in

each case separately by left and right side of the vehicle. This data shall be supplemented

by the calculated total weight of the individual sections. For a visual representation of the

weight distribution over the total length of the vehicle, a supplementary schematic dra-

wing similar to Fig. 61 is recommended.

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E1-SR1-L

2700 kg

2750 kg

E1-SR1-R

E1-SR2-L

3950 kg

3900 kg

E1-SR2-R

E1-SR3-L

4000 kg

4050 kg

E1-SR3-R

E1-SR4-L

4150 kg

4100 kg

E1-SR4-R

E1-SR5-L

3900 kg

56900 kg

3950 kg

E1-SR5-R

E1-SR6-L

3450 kg

3400 kg

E1-SR6-R

E1-SR7-L

3200 kg

3250 kg

E1-SR7-R

E1-SR8-L

3100 kg

3050 kg

E1-SR8-R

M-SR1-L

3150 kg

Linke Fahrzeugseite

Rechte Fahrzeugseite

M-SR2-L

3250 kg

0 kg

500 kg

1000 kg

1500 kg

2000 kg

2500 kg

3000 kg

3500 kg

4000 kg

4500 kg

M-SR3-L

3200 kg

E1-1

M-SR4-L

3300 kg

E1-2

M-SR5-L

3400 kg

E1-3

M-SR6-L

3250 kg

E 1

E1-4

M-SR7-L

3250 kg

E1-5

M-SR8-L

3150 kg

E1-6

E1-7

E1-8

E2-SR1-L

3100 kg

E2-SR2-L

3200 kg

M-1

E2-SR3-L

3450 kg

M-2

E2-SR4-L

3900 kg

M-3

M-4

E2-SR5-L

4150 kg

M-5

E2-SR6-L

4000 kg

M-6

E2-SR7-L

3950 kg

M-7

E2-SR8-L

2700 kg

M-8

E2-1

E2-2

E2-3

E 2

E2-4

E2-5

E2-6

E2-7

E2-8

•

Linke Fahrzeugseite = left side of vehicle; Rechte Fahrzeugseite = right side of vehicle

•

Fig. 61: Example of measurement results for a vehicle with three sections in the form of a table and

chart (hypothetical measured values)

A schematic diagram like the example shown in Fig. 62 is recommended for giving the

coupling supporting forces and their effective direction. This shall clearly show how the

force acts on the different components.

7.6 kN

8.1 kN

•

Fig. 62: Example of a schematic diagram for the coupling supporting forces and their effective direc-

tion on a vehicle with three sections

•

(Arrows show the direction of force with which the sections act on the coupling bolts / hypo-

thetical measured values)

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If the weight measurements are supplemented by the quantities given in Chapter 0, a re-

presentation according to the schematic diagram illustrated as an example in Fig. 63 is

recommended. The graphics should show the pneumatic spring pressures, the levelling

position of the body, the measured coupling supporting force and the position of the extra

weight (

9.7 kN

-1.3mm

0.7mm

0.9mm

0.4mm

0.2mm

0.4mm

7.00 bar

5.10 bar

5.25 bar

7.10 bar

•

Fig. 63: Example of a schematic diagram showing the supplementary measured quantities for pneu-

matic spring pressure, levelling position, coupling supporting force and position of the extra weights

on a vehicle with three sections

•

(showing individual measurement in which one coupling force is measured / hypothetical

measured values)

Documentation

The documentation of weighing serves to ensure the reproducibility of measurement re-

sults.

Documentation shall contain the elements below:

• Weighing sequence (particularly for sequential measurement of individual levitation

frames) and status of section couplings,

• Note on the weight of the missing transition magnets if individual sections are measu-

red,

• Documentation of the vehicle’s equipment status using a list and/or photographs (mis-

sing or additional components etc.),

• Representation of results of additional measurements for plausibility testing,

• Calibration results of measuring equipment.

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Annex List of requirements for acceptance (example)

Requirements for the acceptance of high-speed maglev system vehicles in accordance

with Section 6 (1) /MbBO/.

The attached checklist serves as an example. It shall be agreed on a project-specific basis

between the approval authority, the high-speed maglev system operator and the vehicle

supplier, together with Standards and test and certification procedures to be used.

The list of requirements for acceptance included in this Chapter is based on experience

gained on railways and high-speed maglev systems. It supplements /MSB AG-

NORM&RILI/.

In the “Documents” column the certification documents relating to the relevant features

shall be named on a project-specific basis.

Overview:

General

II.

Basic vehicle parameters

III.

Vehicle requirements

IV.

Construction and fabrication requirements

Body requirements

VI.

Support/guidance system

VII. Software

VIII. Braking equipment

IX.

Systems subject to monitoring

Interior equipment

XI.

On-board energy supply / electrical equipment

XII. Controls and communications, other safety equipment

XIII. Environmental protection provisions

XIV. Occupational safety / personal safety

XV. Fire safety

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Design principles

Vehicle

General

Filing of applica-

Filing of application

Including a declaration as to the section or route

tion

network on which the vehicle will be used within the

scope of AMbG.

Declaration on

Declaration that no deviation from the stan-

Section 3 MbBO

compliance with

dards of the MbBO is intended and that

Section 5 MbBO

MbBO

MbBO standards will be complied with.

Declaration on

Declaration that no deviation from the ac-

Section 3 MbBO

compliance with

cepted code of engineering practice is in-

accepted code of

tended.

engineering prac-

In the event of deviations: furnish approval

tice

authority with proof of identical safety

Section 3 (2) sentence 2 MbBO

Declaration of

Safety concept

Section 23 MbBO

Implementation of the safety concept for the section

compliance with

(incl. rescue concept)

or route network on which the vehicle will be opera-

all safety concept

ted.

Safety targets

requirements

In addition to the requirements directly contained in

Proof of implementation of the measures in

the MbBO and the accepted code of engineering

the vehicle with detailed reference to the

practice, the safety concept according to Section 23

corresponding reference in the safety con-

MbBO may give rise to further requirements from a

cept

maglev vehicle. In part these requirements first crea-

te the prerequisite for the application of a Standard

(e.g. specification of a safety requirement level con-

forming to DIN EN 50128).

Complete system contract specification

Analogous to VwV Section 32 EBO

Performance specification

Analogous to VwV Section 32 EBO

Certificate of conformity with the principles

Principles and procedures for the compilation

and procedures for compilation of the main-

of maintenance programs in accordance with

tenance programs

Section 8 (2) MbBO

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Design principles

Vehicle

II.

Basic vehicle parameters

General techni-

Technical data on vehicle

cal specificati-

Performance specification

ons

Application for acceptance Section 6

MbBO

1.1

Designation of vehicle type

1.2

Vehicle no.

1.3

Serial no.

1.4

Year of manufacture

1.5

Manufacturer

1.6

Owner/operator

Driving capacity

2.1

not applicable

2.2

Operating concept from contract specifica-

tion / performance specification

Maximum velocity,

See Design Principles Complete System

Operational control velocity

Annex 1

2.3

Vehicle length

2.4

Unladen weight

See Chapter 0, Annex Weighing

Analogous to TETF Practice

Skid loads

Loads on section couplings

Position of centre of gravity

2.5

Permissible total weight

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Design principles

Vehicle

2.6

Max. vehicle weight per unit of length

2.7

Number of places (number of seats and

standing places), persons per unit of area

2.8

Number of compartments

2.10

Number of toilets, washrooms

2.11

Number of other spaces (e.g. luggage sto-

wage spaces)

2.12

Number of vehicle sections

2.13

Levitation frames: arrangement and design,

number of levitation frames, distance bet-

ween levitation frames

2.14

Max. loads acting on support and guidance

Design Principles Vehicle Part II Design

Shall be derived from contract specification and

units

complete system performance specification

2.15

Drive power

see Point I, (8)

On a project-specific basis, see contract specification

and complete system performance specification

2.16

Smallest practicable radius

Design Principles Complete System

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Design principles

Vehicle

III.

Vehicle requirements

Vehicle limitati-

Drawing, proof in accordance with /MSB

Section 17 (3) MbBO in conjunction with

Based on the methodology of UIC 505.

on, vehicle ki-

AG-BEM/

Annex to Section 14 MbBO and IB Vehicle

The expert report on kinematic vehicle limitation

nematics

Part III,

should contain the following statement: “I hereby

Section 14 MbBO

confirm that the vehicle loading gauge was calcula-

ted (according to …..). The loading gauge for the

kinematic space requirement of the vehicle shown in

the Annex to Section 14 MbBO is not exceeded, not

even in cases where ….”.

Certificate according to IB Vehicle Part III

Signal equipment

Drawing/ description:

DS / DV 301 “Signal book”

Deviations shall be agreed on a project-specific basis

- head light

- release signal

Vehicle addres-

Drawing/ description; list of signs and

UIC 640

Deviations shall be agreed on a project-specific basis

ses

addresses

ISO 7001:1990 (pictograms)

Vehicle-side gap

Performance specification

Section 15 MbBO

If present

bridging in em-

DIN EN 14752 (Railway applications -

Ensure coordination with platform doors (Section 15

barkation area

bodyside entrance systems), compliance with

MbBO)!

TSI-PRM

Malfunction and

Number, description, drawing with position

Section 18 (3) MbBO

Differentiation in rescue concept according to Secti-

emergency con-

of emergency exits

on 23 MbBO:

cept / emer-

Rescue concept according to Section 23 MbBO lays

gency exit con-

DIN 5510

down emergency concept (relative to complete sys-

cept

Safety concept

tem).

EBA Manual Fire Safety in Passenger Trans-

port Systems of the Federal Railways

As part of vehicle acceptance pursuant to Section 6

MbBO, checking to see whether the measures within

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Design principles

Vehicle

the safety concept (and rescue concept) as well as

Signage concept

/BrandReg/

the statutory requirements and accepted code of

engineering practice have been implemented in the

actual vehicle.

Pressure tight-

Contract specification

UIC 660

Shall be derived for subsequent implementation

ness / Pressure

from contract specification and complete system

Performance specification

/MSB AG-GESAMTSYS/

viability

performance specification

Pressure wave

Contract specification

Shall be derived for subsequent implementation

effects

from contract specification and complete system

Performance specification

performance specification

Climatic envi-

Contract specification

In accordance with /MSB AG-Environment/

To be stipulated on a project-specific basis.

ronmental condi-

Performance specification

Official explanatory notes to Section 17 MbBO: the

tions

vehicles shall meet all the operating and environ-

mental conditions to be covered

Aerodynamics

Performance specification

En 14067,

UIC 660,

DB RIL 807-04 (side wind)

Title

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Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design principles

Vehicle

IV.

Construction and fabrication requirements

Bolted joints

Drawings/ descriptions/ testing of structure

Environmental requirements in the relevant

Securing of bolted joints

for proof against loss;

installation space

Proof against loss is particularly important in maglev

Performance specification

DIN 25201

vehicles, as the guideway gradient is considerably

greater than in railways and the velocities are also

Setting the scope of certification and certi-

higher as a rule.

fication procedure (if necessary experimen-

tally)

Rivet joints

Drawings

Project-specific certification required.

Setting the scope of certification and certi-

Frictional connection / positive connection (depen-

fication procedure (if necessary experimen-

dent on rivet type and material pairing)

tally)

Test report on relevant component tests

Welded as-

Drawings

“Administrative Directive for requirements

Particularly DIN 6700 Part 2

semblies

for the welding of rail vehicles and parts

Æ EBA-recognised specialist welding companies!

within the purview of the EBA”;

DIN 6700

Adhesive joints

Drawings/ descriptions/strength certificates/

DIN 6701, Part 1 and 2

Manufacturing procedure for vehicle const-

DVS Fact sheet M 1618 (01/2002 edition)

For elastic thick layer adhesive joints (nose)

ruction (bodywork mechanics)

Elastic thick layer adhesion in rail vehicle

construction

Bodywork requirements

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Design principles

Vehicle

Determination of

Mathematical proof and proof by measure-

The measurement method is described in

vehicle weight

ment

Chapter 0 of this document.

Vehicle construc-

General drawing (shell and levitation un-

tion

derbody) with dimensioning; vehicle body

measurement (drawing and measurement

sheet)

Statement of materials used (load transmit-

ting parts)

Arrangement of individual components

Jointing procedures

Determination of

Mathematical or experimental proof

Each vehicle section

position of centre

of gravity

Representation of

Drawings,

All lifting points shall, where applicable, be inde-

lifting points

Transportation requirement

libly marked on the hardware concerned

Clearance at ends

Drawing

UIC 521, Couplings.

If present

of vehicle

Description clearance at coupling end

Bodywork of one

Proof relating to collision scenarios

Contract specification/performance specifica-

Section 17 (2) MbBO: “The impact of the vehicle on

section including

tion

the guideway shall not exceed the impact allowed

equipment

for during guideway design”.

Section 17 (2) MbBO

The impact shall be derived for subsequent imple-

MSB document Basis of Dimensioning IB

mentation from contract specification and complete

Vehicle Part II, IB Complete System

system performance specification.

Coupling of

Description of construction, mathematical

Section 20 (2) MbBO

sections

and experimental proof

UIC 572

IB Vehicle Part II

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Design principles

Vehicle

The measurement method for determining the

loading of the section coupling is described in

Chapter 0 of this document.

Externally moun-

Drawing/ description/ proof of structural

IB Vehicle Part II

Example: radome

ted components

durability and proof against loss under the

environmental conditions ruling at the in-

stallation location

Contract specification/ performance speci-

fication

Transitions

Drawing/ description

Contract specification / performance specifi-

cation

External panes

Section 18 (1) MbBO

10.1

Windscreens

Drawing / description

UIC 651

Criteria:

(where present)

Optical quality

TSI HGV Vehicles: Chapters 6.3.2 and

De-icing, condensation prevention.

4.3.19

Windscreen cleaning effected according to pro-

ject-specific terms of reference.

Projectile strike

10.2

Side windows

Drawing / description

UIC 564 - 1

UIC 564-1 does not cover the HGV velocity range.

HGV side windows are therefore tested under PA-

UIC 660

1300, 2005 edition DB Systems engineering test

UIC 567

program for window systems. Testing is conducted

with reference to UIC 564-1.

BN 918511

The load level and number of load cycles shall be

PA-1300, DB Systems engineering test pro-

agreed on the basis of the usage spectrum (load

gram for window systems, 2005 edition.

collective) and meaningful additions.

Doors

Section 18 (1) MbBO

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Design principles

Vehicle

11.1

Entrance doors

Safety concept

Section 18 (2) (1) and (2) MbBO

Cf. also official explanatory notes on Section 18

MbBO: “Door locking according to paragraph 2 is of

Departure preparation procedure

VDV 111

particular importance at high velocities.”

Drawing / description

DIN EN 14752

Automatic door locking when the vehicle is not

Proof of safety functions under given envi-

UIC 560

lowered shall be defined by means of risk analysis.

ronmental conditions according to contract

UIC 566

Description of the interaction of vehicle door, plat-

specification

form door and gap bridging.

DIN 32974 (Acoustic signals)

11.2

Section transition

Drawing / description

Section 17 (5) (3) MbBO

If necessary Section 17 (5)(3) MbBO: 30 min -

doors

criterion

Safety concept

if necessary DIN 5510

Proof of safety functions

VDV 111

DIN EN 14752

UIC 560

11.3

WC doors

Drawing / description

Handles, hand

Drawing / description

According to pertinent Railway Standards

rails, steps

Fastening devi-

Drawing / description

Movement of containers may be safety-related

ces for luggage

containers

Title

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Design principles

Vehicle

VI.

Support/guidance system

Support/guidance

Proof of static and dynamic strength (ma-

Implementation |Basis Vehicle Part IV Sup-

Nominal values shall be set on a project-specific

structure (levita-

thematical and / or experimental)

port /guidance system & Part II Design

basis.

tion frame, sup-

Details of materials used, particularly sup-

port and guidan-

port skids:

ce magnets)

Thermal behaviour

Support skids

etc.

Mechanical behaviour, breaking strength

Wear

Coefficient of friction support skid / sliding

face

Functions of

Safety concept

Design Principles Vehicle Part IV Support

levitation engi-

/guidance system

Drawings/ descriptions:

neering:

Gap measurement units

safe support

function,

Magnet controls

safe guidance

Failure behaviour

function

in conjunction

with safe on-

board energy

supply

Vertical loads,

Proof that max. vertical loads plus transver-

Design Principles Part IV T/F System and

transverse forces,

se and longitudinal forces are not exceeded

Part II Design

longitudinal

forces

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Design principles

Vehicle

VII. Software

Classification of

Classification as

EN 50128

Examples:

software

Non safety-related software, safety

Support /guidance system

requirement level (SRL) = 0

On-board energy supply

Braking equipment

Safety-related SRL > 0

EN 61508

Door controls

Air conditioning equipment

Fire safety equipment

Communications equipment

Safety-related

e.g.:

Safety concept

functions

Brakes,

EN 50128

Embarkation and debarkation,

Guide for the application of EN 50128 to rail

vehicles (09/2005 Edition)

Interfaces to train protection etc.

all equipment which

o engages with the functional train

control system,

o causes the station master to act,

o diagnoses temperatures or fumes.

Software creati-

Expert opinion on execution of the Standard

EN 50128

The experimental model shall be executed with the

on process

SRL hereby formed in accordance with the appli-

cable level of EN 50128.

All steps shall be documented and filed and if neces-

sary validated by the expert.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

VIII. Braking equipment

Brakes

Braking equip-

Drawing,

Section 20 MbBO in conjunction with Secti-

Boundary conditions on a project-specific basis

ment

on 13

according to contract specification / performance

Performance specification,

specification

Description of braking system, compo-

nents and operation, braking calculati-

Design Principles Vehicle Part V

on,

Service brake, safe brake, stop brake

etc.

Brake testing.

Brake enginee-

Braking power etc.

Boundary conditions on a project-specific basis

ring tests

according to contract specification / performance

specification

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

IX.

Systems subject to monitoring

Pressure vessel

Description of system with air requirement

Section 21 MbBO

systems (pneu-

calculation

in conjunction with “Directive for systems of

matic springs

General drawing of vehicle with position of

Federal Railway vehicles subject to monito-

etc.)

pressure vessels, safety valves and pressure

ring under Section 33 EBO”, Issued:

control devices and pipeline configuration

1.11.2003, in particular Annex 2

Pipe connection diagram, vessel drawing

with parts list

Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC

Declaration of conformity according to

AD 2000

Article 11 of Directive 87/404 EEC or test

certificate issued by a recognised expert

DIN EN 286-4

Certificate for component-tested safety

valves according to AD Fact Sheet A2,

paragraph 10

Compressor ratings

Commissioning certificate, test certificates

of the technical expert according to TRB

505, 511,512, 513, and pre-commissioning

test certificate according to Section 21 (2)

MbBO

Maintenance requirements

Operating instructions

DIN 31051

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

Interior equipment

Passenger com-

Description/drawing

Section 17 (1) MbBO in conjunction with

Ease of access for people with disabilities; installati-

partment

Section 3 (3) MbBO

on of secure wheelchair places;

Disabled Equality Act [Behindertengleich-

possibly Federal Register 49 (USA)

stellungsgesetz (BGG)]

TSI vehicles: Chapter 7.4.3 (Study COST

335)

Compliance with DIN 33402-1 and DIN

33402-3

TSI PRM

UIC 565-3

UIC 563

Federal Ministry of Transport, Construction

and Housing [BMVBW] - Manual “direct”,

56/2001 Computer-aided detection and eva-

luation of barriers

Deutsche Bahn AG program (Publisher: DB

Personenverkehr, P.VMX, 06.2006)

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

Interior trim

Description/drawing of

Section 18 (1) MbBO

insulation

DIN 5510 / level 4 in conjunction with

/BrandReg/

floor construction

UIC 562

partitions

UIC 564 - 1

wall cladding

DB TT73 Basic principles for the constructi-

ceilings

on and testing of passenger seats in rail ve-

materials used

hicles

luggage and coat hooks

Deutsche Bahn AG program (Publisher: DB

Personenverkehr, P.VMX, 06.2006)

mirrors and other glass components

restraining equipment

seats

restraints for wheelchairs

Performance specification

Side corridor

Description/drawing

UIC 567 - 1

UIC 567 - 2

Vestibules

Description

Air conditioning

Description / drawing / certificates

Safety concept

Classification in Cat. A or B is made on a project-

specific basis according to EN 14750-1.

vibration test

EN14750-1 and EN 14750-2

performance test

EN 13129-1, EN 13129-2,

CO₂content

DIN EN 61373 in conjunction with /MSB

AG-FZ BEM/

emergency lighting

Description

where present

Drinking water

Approval certificate

Section 72 Infection Protection Act [Infekti-

where present

Title

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Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

system

onsschuzgesetz (IfSG)],

Drawing with parts lists

Section 23 Drinking Water Order [Trinkw-

Description

VO] in conjunction with Directive on “Exer-

cise of official supervision under Section 72

of the Infection Protection Act in the Federal

Railways sphere in drinking water supply and

waste water removal installations in rail ve-

hicles and fixed installations for the filling

and disposal thereof”;

EN1508

DIN 1988 Codes of Practice for drinking

water installations

DVGW Code of Practice W270: Multiplica-

tion of micro-organisms on materials for the

drinking water sphere

KTW Plastics and drinking water

Service water

Drawing

EN 1508

where present

system

Wastewater system

Drawing

Water Management Act [Wasserhaushaltsge-

where present

setz (WHG)]

UIC 563

Repeater

Functional description, incorporation in

See XI, 2

where present

EMC plan

Emergency escape

Functional description

Regulation for the testing of emergency

where present

windows

entrance and exit windows in rail vehicles,

EBA, 27.03.2006,

(http://www.eisenbahn-bundesamt.de

/Service/files/31_32_33_6_1_VwV_NEA.pdf

)

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

XI.

On-board energy supply / electrical equipment

Current collector

Description of type, drawing, strength cal-

EN 50121

where present

culation, determination of loads acting on

the conductor rail

EMC rail applications

Electrical equip-

Description

Section 17 (4) MbBO

Electric strength according to VDE 0160

ment

Block diagram/ flow diagrams

EMVG Act relating to the electromagnetic

Electric field strength according to DIN EN 61000-

compatibility of equipment,

4-3 = VDE 0847-4-3

Supply from linear generator / batteries/

conductor rail

EN 50121 EMC Rail Applications

Magnetic field strength according to DIN EN 61000-

4-8 = VDE 0847-4-8

Earthing concept (impedance test), in

RL 89/336/EC Electromagnetic Compatibili-

particular earthing via the support skids

ty Directive

Burst according to DIN EN 61000-4-4 = VDE 0847-

4-4

High-voltage test (test report)

EBA Supplement on compliance with e-

lectromagnetic compatibility (EMC) limit

Surge according to DIN EN 61000-4-5 = VDE

Lightning protection

values by rail vehicles

0847-4-5

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

DIN EN 50155 VDE 0115-200:2004-01

ESD according to DIN EN 61000-4-2 = VDE 0847-

test

4-2

Rail applications - Electronic devices on rail

Safety precautions relative to electrical

vehicles - German version EN 50155:2001 +

Induced disturbance variables according to DIN EN

hazards

A1:2002 + Corrigendum 2003

61000-4-6 = VDE 0847-4-6

Overvoltages according to DIN EN 50178 = VDE

0160

Standards according to test specifications

DIN EN 50121-1 VDE 0115-121-1:2001-05

Rail applications - Electromagnetic compatibility -

General - German version EN 50121-1:2000

DIN EN 50121-2 VDE 0115-121-2:2001-05

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

Rail applications - Electromagnetic compatibility -

Total rail system interference emission to the outside

world - German version EN 50121-2:2000

DIN EN 50121-3-1 VDE 0115-121-3-1:2001-05

Rail applications - Electromagnetic compatibility -

Rail vehicles - Train and complete vehicle - German

version EN 50121-3-1:2000

DIN EN 50121-3-2 VDE 0115-121-3-2:2001-05

Rail applications - Electromagnetic compatibility -

Rail vehicles - Equipment - German version EN

50121-3-2:2000

DIN EN 50121-4 VDE 0115-121-4:2001-05

Rail applications - Electromagnetic compatibility -

Interference emission and interference resistance of

signal and telecommunications equipment - German

version EN 50121-4:2000

DIN EN 50121-5 VDE 0115-121-5:2001-05

Rail applications - Electromagnetic compatibility -

Interference emission and interference resistance of

fixed installations and equipment of the rail energy

supply - German version EN 50121-5:2000

Lighting / Emer-

Description

UIC 555, Safety concept

Application EN 50172 on a project-specific basis

gency lighting

(on decision to use e.g. persistent escape sign)

Performance / service life

EN 13272

EN 50172

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

XII.

Controls and communications, other safety equipment

Control enginee-

Description / safety certificate of signal

DIN EN 50155 VDE 0115-200:2004-01

ring

processing

Rail applications - Electronic equipment on

(hardware/ soft-

rail vehicles - German version EN

ware)

50155:2001 + A1:2002 +Corrigendum 2003

DIN EN 50126

IEC 61508

DIN EN 50128

EBA Fact Sheet

Guide for the application of EN 50128 on rail

vehicles (Issue 09/2005)

Emergency call

Description / certificates

Safety concept

equipment /

Section 18 (2) number 3 MbBO

Loudspeaker

system for

TSI Vehicles: Chapter 4.3.16

broadcasting

Emergency ligh-

see Lighting

EN 13272

XI.3

ting

Emergency ven-

see Air conditioning

X.5

tilation

Emergency door

see Entrance doors

V.11

release

XIII.

Environmental protection provisions

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

Safety data

Application Fact Sheet Mid Section

Comparable ICE specimen

sheets

Application Fact Sheet End Section

Sanitary installa-

Proof of environmental compatibility of

UIC 567

where present

tions

sanitary installation

UIC 563

Absence of as-

Declaration / proof

Asbestos Prohibition

bestos

Absence of CFCs

Declaration / proof

CFC- Halogen Prohibition Order

Outside noise

Proof of sound emission

High-speed Maglev System Order Article 2:

Maglev Noise Abatement Order

Design Principles Complete System Annex 5

DIN EN ISO 3095

Recycling

VDI-2243

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design principles

Vehicle

XIV. Occupational safety / Personal safety

Occupational

Proof of compliance with occupational

Contract specification

Where work spaces are provided.

safety

UIC 651

Efforts should be made to obtain the opinion / parti-

Measurement and evaluation of whole-

cipation of the responsible accident insurer.

DIN 45641

body vibration

ISO 2631

Light conditions in passenger com-

partments

UIC 513

EN 13272

ERRI B 153

VDI 2057

Internal noise

UIC 567

Fixing of internal noise level project specific

DIN ISO 3381 (11.05)

TSI relates to driver’s cab

TSI-HGV Vehicles, Chapter 4.2.7.6, Rev.

2006

Protection a-

MbBO Section 17 (4)

gainst electric

EN 50153, EN 50125-1, EN 60309, VDE

shocks

0115 Part 2, UIC 533

EN 50215

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Vehicle

XV. Fire Safety

Structural design,

Proof of compliance with fire safety provi-

Section 17 (5) MbBO

Fire safety level 4

equipment and

sions

/BrandReg/ (01.06. 2006)

See Chapter 0

concept

DIN 5510

VBG 125 (Fire extinguisher pictogram)

DIN 4844 (Safety identification)

EN 1363-1 (Component testing fireproof bulkhead)

EN 60695 (Test for evaluation of fire risk)

DB TT73 Principles for the construction and

testing of passenger seats in rail vehicles

BN 918 433

Automatic fire

Description / drawings / certificates (trial)

Section 17 (5) (4) MbBO

alarm

EN 61508

EBA Fact Sheet “Ionisation smoke alarms in

trackbound vehicles”

Portable fire

Description / drawing

Section 17 (5) (4) MbBO

extinguishers

Dangers in res-

Safety concept

cue force access

Documents for rescue services:

Application Fact Sheet Mid Section,

Application Fact Sheet End Section,

Emergency equipment

First aid resour-

Description

Section 18 (2) (4) MbBO

ces

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle Part I, General Requirements

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Table of Contents

Distributor

Summary of amendments

Table of contents

General

4.1

Objective and scope

4.2

High-speed Maglev System - Design principles 8

4.3

Abbreviations and definitions

4.4

Acts, Orders, Standards and Guidelines

4.5

Identification and compulsory nature of the requirements

4.6

References

Definitions (subsystem-specific)

5.1

Coordinate system 10

5.2

Articulation forces

5.3

General

5.4

Vehicle weights for passenger transport 12

5.4.1

Vehicle deadweight

5.4.2

Payload for passenger vehicles 12

5.4.3

Vehicle weight with payload

5.4.4

Maximum vehicle weight

5.5

Vehicle weights for goods transport

Design release

Structural requirements

7.1

General

7.2

Parameters influencing maglev vehicles 16

7.2.1

Design loads

7.2.2

Materials

7.2.3

Uncertainties

7.3

Demonstration of static strength and structural stability

7.3.1

Demonstration of load-bearing capacity 19

7.3.2

Demonstration of rigidity

7.3.3

Demonstration of fatigue strength

7.3.4

Experimental demonstration of strength 23

Load cases

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

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8.1

A-loads (load cases for demonstration of fatigue strength)

8.1.1

Inertia forces Error! Bookmark not defined.

8.1.2

Constraining forces resulting from alignment

8.1.3

Initial stress caused by guidance magnet loads 32

8.1.4

Aerodynamic loads

8.1.5

Loads resulting from temperature changes

8.2

S-loads in failure-free system state for demonstration of load-bearing capacity

8.2.1

Inertia forces Error! Bookmark not defined.

8.2.2

Constraining forces resulting from alignment

Error! Bookmark not defined.

8.2.3

Initial stress caused by guidance magnet loads 41

8.2.4

Aerodynamic loads

8.2.5

Loads resulting from temperature changes

8.3

S-loads during operation with failures for demonstration of load-bearing capacity

8.3.1

Automated application of brakes with safety brake in the case of brake control-circuit failure

8.3.2

Failure of an on-board power supply

8.3.3

Local mechanical guidance

8.3.4

Local mechanical support

8.3.5

Uncontrolled settling of support skids on one side

8.3.6

Slipping/vibration

8.3.7

Change in coefficient of friction in sliding, settled maglev vehicle 46

8.3.8

Stopping shock from automated application of brakes with the safety brake

8.3.9

Exceeding of payload in exceptional operating situations

8.3.10

Exceeding the maximum track speed

8.3.11

Exceeding of thrust as a result of propulsion failures

8.3.12

Entering the shading coil

8.3.13

Position of the maglev vehicle with maximum lateral inclination

8.3.14

Elevation of maglev vehicle with frozen support skids

8.3.15

Failure of nose pneumatic spring

8.4

Collision situations

8.5

Transport

Superimposition of load cases

9.1

Demonstration of load-bearing capacity 50

9.2

Demonstration of fatigue strength

9.2.1

Demonstration of endurance limit

9.2.2

Demonstration of structural durability

Annex - Loading from mounting parts and attachments

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

Vehicle

10.1

Definition of environmental spaces

10.2

Test levels

Error! Bookmark not defined.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1: Articulation forces on the frame structure

Figure 2: Zoning of the end section with regard to aerodynamic effects

Figure 3: Alternating pressure wave nose/rear effect

Figure 4: Environmental spaces MSB AG-UMWELT

Figure 5: Environmental spaces (categories) from DIN EN 61373

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Terms used for the articulation forces

Table 2: Example of pressure amplitudes with trains passing

Table 3: Snow densities for different aggregation states

Table 4: Superimposition of the S-loads from operation in failure-free state

Table 5: S-loads from load cases in the event of failure and/or exceptional actions

Table 6: Superimpostion of the A-loads from operation in failure-free state

Table 7: Comparison of the clearances

Table 8: Test levels for oscillation/shock

Title

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Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

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General

Objective and scope

•

This document contains the non-project-specific requirements for dimensioning of maglev

vehicles.

These design principles are applicable to high-speed maglev systems pursuant to the General

Maglev Act (German designation: AmbG).

•

Part II of the “High-speed Maglev System Design Principles, Vehicle”

• lays down the operating conditions, load cases and load case combinations,

• covers demonstration of load-bearing capacity (static strength, stability and rigidity) and fa-

tigue strength,

• defines the safety factors for the material parameters to be used,

• and includes the principles for guaranteeing the structure by means of tests.

The principles for establishing the characteristic and representative values of the loads are contained

mainly in MSB AG-GESAMTSYS. The indicated values are based on operating experience and/or

are guidelines pursuant to the Maglev Construction and Operation Order (German designation:

MbBO) for dimensioning and demonstration of maglev vehicles. The targets in this document re-

present the current level of knowledge and must be confirmed and/or altered and verified on a pro-

ject-specific basis. Altered values must be indicated in the project-specific documents (delivery

specification, technical reports). If no explicit agreement is reached, the values in this document

shall apply.

The operating experience on which this document is based relates to the maglev vehicles TR07 and

TR08 on the TVE (Transrapid testing facility) and on the Transrapid Shanghai Project. As a result

of this operating experience, it has been verified that, with dimensioning using the targets contained

in this document, the loadings which occur during operation, including a sufficient margin, do not

exceed the permissible load-bearing capability of the components.

These design principles were drawn up following the existing standards of wheel-rail technology in

DIN EN 12663 and DIN EN 13749. The demonstration procedure, which consists of theoretical

proof and testing, ands the general requirements regarding strength have been extensively adopted,

including the content on materials, safety factors etc. The individual load cases and the load case

combinations have been defined specifically for maglev vehicles and therefore differ from these

standards.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

Vehicle

High-speed Maglev System - Design Principles

This document forms part of reference material for high-speed maglev systems consisting of several

design principles.

The documentation tree is shown in figure 1 of MSB AG-GESAMTSYS.

The overarching Design Principles (Overall System) and the annexes thereto apply uniformly to all

the reference material:

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles (Overall System), Doc. No: 50630, MSB AG-

GESAMTSYS, with annexes:

•

Annex 1: Abbreviations and Definitions, Doc. No: 67536, MSB AG-ABK&DEF

•

Annex 2: Acts, Orders, Standards and Guidelines, Doc. No: 67539, MSB AG-

NORM&RILI

•

Annex 3: Environmental Conditions, Doc. No: 67285, MSB AG-UMWELT

•

Annex 4: Rules for operation (driving and maintenance), Doc. No: 69061, MSB AG-

BTR

•

Annex 5: Sound, Doc. No: 72963, MSB AG-SCHALL

The reference material regarding the vehicle includes the following documents:

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles, Vehicle Part I: General Requirements, Doc.

No: 67698, MSB AG-FZ GEN

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles, Vehicle Part II: Dimensioning, Doc. No:

67694, MSB AG-FZ BEM

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles, Vehicle Part III: Kinematic Gauge, Doc. No:

67650, MSB AG-FZ KIN

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles, Vehicle Part IV: Support/Guidance Enginee-

ring, Doc. No: 73388, MSB AG-FZ TRAFÜ

•

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles, Vehicle Part V: Braking Technology, Doc.

No: 73389, MSB AG-FZ BREMS

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

Vehicle

Abbreviations and Definitions

•

The abbreviations and definitions set out in MSB AG-ABK&DEF are applicable.

Acts, Orders, Standards and Guidelines

The standards documents listed in MSB AG-NORM&RILI include provisions which become part

of the High-speed Maglev System Design Principles as a result of being referred to in the High-

speed Maglev System Design Principles. In the case of dated standards documents in MSB AG-

NORM&RILI, subsequent amendments or revisions of these publications are not applicable. In the

case of undated references, the latest edition of the standards document in question is applicable.

The status of the standards and guidelines to be taken into account in a maglev project must be laid

down on a project-specific basis.

Identification and compulsory nature of the

requirements

•

Essentially, the rules pursuant to DIN 820 have been used in drawing up this document.

•

In the following chapters of this document,

• requirements / targets are identified in standard text

• explanations, standard values and examples are identified in italics

•

in accordance with MSB AG-FZGEN.

•

If, in particular cases, this document refers to project-specific arrangements, this means

that agreement must be reached between manufacturer and contractor (e.g. in specifications or a

contractual arrangement) with consultation of the licensing authority.

References

Document

Description

DIN EN 12663

Structural requirements of railway vehicle bodies,

October 2000

DIN EN 13749

Methods of specifying structural requirements of bogie frames,

July 2005

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

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•

Articulation forces

•

The directions of the forces which are passed via the linkages of the support and guidance

magnets to the frame structure, as outlined in Figure 64, are applicable.

•

The terms used for the forces are explained in Table 3.

•

F_xTM, F_zTM

•

Articulation forces of the support magnets

•

F_yFM

•

Articulation forces of the guidance magnets

Table 3: Terms used for the articulation forces

F_yFM

F_xTM

F_zTM

Structure

Suspension frame

F_yFM

F_xTM

F_zTM

•

Figure 64: Articulation forces on the frame structure

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

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Design Principles

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•

General

A-loads

Loads from operation in failure-free state for demonstration of fati-

gue strength

S-loads

Maximum possible loads during operation in failure-free state

and/or subject to exceptional actions for demonstration of load-

bearing capacity

Vehicle weights for passenger transport

•

The weight of the maglev vehicles and the payloads to be taken into account shall be laid

down specific to each project.

•

Vehicle sections for passenger transport include luggage compartments (e.g. for passen-

gers’ luggage).

Vehicle deadweight

•

Definition of the vehicle deadweight, see MSB AG-ABK&DEF Annex 1: Weight of the vehi-

cle incl. equipment (e.g. seating) without payload.

•

The overall masses of the operating staff and working stocks are included - where present.

Payload for passenger vehicles

•

Typical passenger weights

• Long-distance traffic

80 kg per passenger with luggage

• Regional traffic

70 kg per passenger

• Airport link

90 kg per passenger with luggage

•

Typical passenger densities in standing room areas

• Long-distance traffic

no standing room

• Regional traffic

320 kg/m²

• Airport link

1 person / m² (80 % of journeys)

2 people / m² (15 % of journeys)

320 kg/m² (5 % of journeys)

•

Typical weight per unit area in luggage area:

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

Doc.No.:

67694

Version White

Issue date

15.02.2007

Page 12

paper

Rapid Maglev System

Maglev Technical

Committee

Design Principles

Vehicle

•

300 kg/m²

•

The weights to be assessed must be confirmed specific for each project or be laid down

differently.

Vehicle weight with payload

•

Weight of the fully equipped vehicle with payload

•

Average vehicle weight:

80% payload

•

Permissible vehicle weight:

100% payload

•

The payload for vehicle sections for passenger transport depends on the number of pas-

senger seats and, in standing room areas, on the number of passengers per m². These values are

set by the operator taking into account the legal provisions regarding this matter and give the mass

of the load and/or passengers which may be carried on the maglev train.

Maximum vehicle weight

•

Weight of the fully equipped vehicle subject to exceptional action.

•

The maximum vehicle weight of a section occurs in exceptional operating situations

(evacuation into neighbouring sections).

•

Typical value for standing room area: see Chapter 0

Vehicle weights for goods transport

•

The payload for goods sections shall be laid down on a project-specific basis and gives the

weight of the load which may be carried on the maglev train.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

Doc.No.:

67694

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Issue date

15.02.2007

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Rapid Maglev System

Maglev Technical

Committee

Design Principles

Vehicle

Design release

•

For the release of the design, a release programme must be implemented by the manufac-

turer of the vehicle.

•

The aim of the release programme is to demonstrate that the design of the carriage body

and of the magnetic running gear complies with the conditions laid down in the technical specifica-

tion.

•

The release programme must show that the behaviour of the vehicle assemblies manufac-

tured according to design targets permits appropriate operation without the occurrence of failure or

breakdown, permanent deformation or fatigue cracks. In addition, it must be demonstrated that

further components or sub-assemblies are not adversely affected.

•

The release programme must contain detailed information concerning how release of the

design should proceed and must indicate the necessary parameters for application of the various

parts of the procedure. These parameters must be laid down in three stages:

• the release procedure (e.g. combination of load cases for calculations and static tests, pro-

grammes for fatigue tests, tracks for track tests);

• the values of the different load cases;

• the release criteria (processing of the measured or calculated values, loading limits, criteria for

implementing fatigue tests).

•

The details regarding the release programme are listed in the following section 0.

•

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

Doc.No.:

67694

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Issue date

15.02.2007

Page 14

paper

Rapid Maglev System

Maglev Technical

Committee

Design Principles

Vehicle

Structural requirements

General

•

The maglev vehicles of the maglev system must withstand the maximum loads in accor-

dance with the operating requirements and must achieve the required service life under normal

operating conditions with appropriate probability of survival.

•

The capacity of the maglev vehicle to resist permanent deformations and breakdown must

be demonstrated by means of calculation and/or testing.

•

The vehicle strength shall be assessed according to the following criteria:

• Assessment of the exceptional loads, i.e. the maximum stresses which must be withstood

while maintaining full operating capacity (S-loads).

• Observation of sufficient safety so that uncertainties are covered in the demonstration, and no

risks occur for passengers or third parties if the specified loads are exceeded.

• Demonstration of sufficient rigidity so that the deformations under specified loads and the

characteristic frequencies of the structures conform to the limits determined by the operating

requirements.

• Tolerability of operating or cyclical loads so that structural strength is not impaired during the

stated service life (A-loads).

•

The above requirements shall be demonstrated by means of calculations in accordance

with Chapter 0 by demonstrating the load-bearing capacity or in accordance with Chapter 0 by

demonstrating the fatigue strength.

•

The operator must provide all data which determine the expected operating conditions,

(“project-specific statement”). In cooperation with the operator, it is the task of the manufacturer to

deduce all major load cases from these data so that they can be used as evidence and to ensure

that the design complies with them.

•

Where designs of existing vehicles for which safety has already been demonstrated are

developed further, earlier data may be used for a comparative demonstration if operating condi-

tions are the same. Changes in assemblies must generally be indicated. If changes which are rele-

vant for dimensioning are proposed, after agreement with the licensing authorities, the components

must be recalculated, if necessary, and/or be checked by means of a test. When using construc-

tion materials, the vehicle manufacturer or its sub-contractor must ensure that they have appropri-

ate data regarding compliance with the materials requirements. These data (standards etc) must

conform to the current state of the art.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

Doc.No.:

67694

Version White

Issue date

15.02.2007

Page 15

paper

Rapid Maglev System

Maglev Technical

Committee

Design Principles

Vehicle

Parameters influencing maglev vehicles

Design loads

•

All design loads which are used as a basis for the vehicle design must include all necessary

tolerances for uncertainties in their values. The design loads laid down in Chapter 0 include these

tolerances.

Materials

General

•

The minimum values of the material properties in accordance with the specifications for the

materials used must be used for the design of the vehicle structure. If the material properties are

affected by, for example,

• stress speed,

• time (e.g. ageing),

• environment (absorption of humidity, temperature etc.),

• welding or other manufacturing processes,

•

suitable minimum material characteristics must be used.

•

Permitted material characteristics

Static strength

•

The underlying static material characteristics, where available, must comply with the mini-

mum yield and/or proof stresses and the tensile strength of the materials data. The values used

should be taken from the corresponding European or national standards. If such standards are not

available, the most appropriate alternative data sources must be used on a project-specific basis.

Fatigue strength

•

The strength behaviour of the materials under oscillating loading must be taken from the

current European or national standards. If such standards are not available, the most appropriate

alternative data sources must be used. At the same time, reference may also be made to alterna-

tive data sources of equivalent status on a project-specific basis. The manufacturer must identify

substantiated materials data. Such materials data may be established by means of suitable tests

with regard to the use.

Title

High-speed Maglev System Design Principles

Vehicle, Part II, Dimensioning

Doc.No.:

67694

Version White

Issue date

15.02.2007

Page 16

paper

Design Principles High-speed Maglev System. Information (MSB, 2007) - page 5