dynamical system satisfies the condition
x (k
1
, x (k
0
) , u) = x
1
controllability in a given time interval
a characteristic of some dynamical systems.
A dynamical continuous system is said to be
controllable in a given time interval
[t
0
, t
1
] if
for any initial state
x (t
0
) ∈ R
n
and any vector
x
1
∈ R
n
there exists an admissible control
u ∈ L
2
[
t
0
, t
1
]
, R
m
such that the corresponding trajectory of the
dynamical system
x(t, x(t
0
), u) satisfies the
following condition:
x (t
1
, x (t
0
) , u) = x
1
controllability of nonstationary systems
a characteristic of some dynamical systems.
A linear dynamical nonstationary system is
controllable in time interval
[t
0
, t
1
] if and
only if the
n × n dimensional controllabil-
ity matrix
W (t
0
, t
1
) =
Z
t
1
t
0
F (t
1
, t) B(t)
× B
T
(t)F
T
(t
1
, t) dt
is nonsingular. See also
dynamical linear
nonstationary
continuous-time
finite-
dimensional system
.
controllability of stationary systems
a
characteristic of some dynamical systems. A
linear dynamical stationary system is control-
lable if and only if
rank
h
B|AB|A
2
B| . . . |A
k
B| . . . |A
n−1
B
i
= n
See
also
dynamical
linear
stationary
continuous-time finite-dimensional system
.
controlled process
part of the control
scene that can be influenced by the manipu-
lated inputs set by the controller and the free
inputs from the (process) environment; ma-
nipulated inputs will be set (adjusted) to real-
ize specified control objectives. Control ob-
jectives can be stated in terms of constraints
imposed on specified quantities, in terms of
performance indices to be minimized or max-
imized, or in other form; free inputs to the
process from its environment do not depend,
by definition, on the process behavior.
controlled process model
model, usu-
ally stated in form of a set of differential or
difference equations, describing the behavior
of the controlled process as caused by its in-
puts; different models of the same controlled
process may be used for various purposes,
for steady-state control or for model-based
predictive control.
controlled rectifier
a rectifier that uses
switching elements that have forward volt-
age blocking capability to allow a variable
voltage DC output. See also
thyristor
.
controlled source
a voltage or current
source whose intensity is controlled by a cir-
cuit voltage or current elsewhere in the cir-
cuit. Also called dependent source.
controlled variable
(1) the quantity, usu-
ally the output of a plant or process, that is be-
ing controlled for the purpose of the desired
behavior, for example, transient response or
steady-state response.
(2) variable associated with the behavior
of the controlled process and such that one
wants this variable either to follow a desired
trajectory over a given time interval or to be
kept at a prescribed constant value, i.e., at a
specified set-point; introduction of a set of
controlled variables is necessary to define a
two-layer industrial controller with the reg-
c
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