SsangYong Stavic / SsangYong Rodius (2005 year). Manual - part 390

CHANGED BY

EFFECTIVE DATE

AFFECTED VIN

3

WHEELS & TIRE

STAVIC - 2004.09

4H

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

2. Breaker

A cord belt between tread and carcass prevents
damages of inner code due to outer shock and
vibration.

3. Carcass

This major part made by pilling code papers of strong
synthetic fiber forms a structure of tire. Since it
maintains tire pressure and endures applied load and
shock to tire, it should have a high anti-fatigue
characteristic.

4. Side Wall

It is provided to improve the comfortable driving by
protecting carcass and cushion movement.

5. Bead

A steel wire winding the ending part of carcass code,
coated with rubber film and wrapped with nylon cord
papers. It fixes tire to a rim.

The tire structure is different slightly according to the types
of the tire but a various type of the tire has the common
structure as following;

1. Tread

A part (that contacts) road surfaces directly is fixed
on the outsude of carcass and breaker.

It is a strong rubber coat made of high anti-abrasion
rubber. Its running performance depends on is surface
profile.

Width

Height

Inside

Diameter

Outside
Diameter

Width

Structure of Tubeless Tube

Tire And wheel Balancing

There are two types of the tire and wheel balancing: static
and dynamic.

Static balance is the equaldistribution of weight around
the wheel. assemblies that are statically unbalanced cause
a bouncing action called wheel tramp. This condition may
eventually cause uneven tire wear.

Dynamic balance is the equal distributio of weight on eeach
side of the centerline so that when the assembly spins
there is no tendency for it to move frim side to side . As-
semblies that are dynamically unbalanced may cause
wheel shimmy.

General Balance Precautions

Remove all deposits of foreign material from the inside of
the wheel.

Inspect the tire for any damage. Balance the tire accord-
ing to the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations.

 [Caution]

Remove stones frim the gread in order to avoid operator
injury during spin balancing

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WHEELS & TIRE

STAVIC - 2004.09

4H

Conventions for Radial Tire

P

225

/

65

R

-

16

104 T

Section Width : 225 mm

Max Speed :
190 km/h

Load Index :
900 kg

Rim Diameter : 16 inch.

Radial Tire

Aspect Ratio = (Section Height ÷
Section Width) x 100 : 65 %

Passenger Car

The Relations Between Inflation
Pressure and Tire

The Relations Between Load
and Tire

Life

Index

Load (Standard Ratei 100)

Life
( % )

Air-Pressure to Standard air-Pressure (%)

Insufficient Air-Pressure

Excessive Air-Pressure

Max Speed Symbol

Load Index

Symbol

Limit Speed

(km/h)

Symbol

Limit Speed

(km/h)

F

M

N

P

Q

R

S

T

U

H

V

Z

80

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

240

Above 240

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

670

690

710

730

750

775

800

825

850

875

900

925

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4H

2. SPECIFICATION

Wheel

Tire

Wheel alignment

Size

Wheel nut tightening torque

Type

Inflation pressure (psi)

Toe-in

Camber

Caster

0 ~ 4 mm

0.4° ± 0.08° (5 mm ± 1 mm)

0° ± 30

' (0° ± 0.5°)

-1° ± 30

' (-1° ± 0.5°)

4.5° ± 30

'

Aluminum type

Aluminum wheel

Radial tire

P225/65R16

6.5J x 16

13 ~ 16 kgf.m

Radial Tire

35 psi

Specification

Description

3. TIRE’S ABNORMAL PHENOMENA

Standing Wave

During running the rotating tire repeats deformation and
restoring movement generated in tread. But when the wheel
rotating speed reaches high, the next deformation applied
to tire before restoring last deformation so the trembling
wave appears in the tread portion. The lower the tire pres-
sure the severe the trembling wave appears during the high
speed.

Hydroplaning

The condition of driving a vehicle fast on the road surface
covered with water can cause tires to fail to rotate with a
good contact on the surface, so results in remaining them
a float. This is so-called hydroplaning. It causes brake
failure, lower tractive force and losing the steering perfor-
mance so it is very vulnerable condition.

High speed
driving

Low speed
driving

Front

Rear

Front

Rear

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WHEELS & TIRE

STAVIC - 2004.09

4H

Front side

4. WHEEL ALIGNMENT

The first responsibility of engineering is to design safe
steering and suspension systems. Each component must
be strong enough to with stand and absorb extreme punish-
ment. Both the steering system and the front and the rear
suspension must function geometrically with the body
mass.

The steering and suspension systems require that the front
wheels self-return and that the tire rolling effort and the
road friction be held to a negligible force in order to allow
the customer to direct the vehicle with the least effort and
the most comfort.

A complete wheel alignment check should include mea-
surements of the rear toe and camber.

Toe-in

Toe-in is the turning in of the tires, while toe-out is the
turning out of the tires from the geometric centerline or
thrust line. The toe ensures parallel rolling of the wheels.

The toe serves to offset the small deflections of the wheel
support system which occur when the vehicle is rolling
forward.

The specified toe angle is the setting which achieves-de-
grees “0°” of toe when the vehicle is moving.

Incorrect toe-in or toe-out will cause tire wear and reduced
fuel economy. As the individual steering and suspension
components wear from vehicle mileage, additional toe will
be needed to compensate for the wear. Always correct
the toe dimension last.

Camber is the tilting of the top of the tire from the vertical
when viewed from the front of the vehicle. When the tires
tilt outward, the camber is positive. When the tires tilt
inward, the camber is negative. The camber angle is mea-
sured in degrees from the vertical. Camber influnces both
directional control and tire wear.

If the vehicle has too much positive camber, the outside
shoulder of the tire will wear. If the vehicle has too much
negative camber, the inside shoulder of the tire will wear.
Camber is measured in degrees and is not adjustable.

Camber

Tire center-
line

Perpendicular-
line

Tire center-
line

Perpendicular-
line

Camver (+)

Camver 0

Camver  (-)