Scania DI16 XPI. Marine engine en-GB 2 741 685. Operator’s manual - part 6
Quality requirements for fuel
Permitted sulphur content in diesel
IMPORTANT!
The operator is responsible for using the correct
type of diesel to ensure that local laws are com-
plied with.
Sulphur content in die-
Note
sel
0-2,000 ppm (<0.2%)
Normal oil change inter-
val of up to 500 hours.
2,000-4,000 ppm (0.2-
The oil change interval
0.4%)
must be halved to a max-
imum of 250 hours.
4,000 ppm (0.4 %)
Max. permitted sulphur
content. If diesel with
too high a sulphur con-
tent is used, this causes
engine damage.
Temperature dependence of diesel
IMPORTANT!
Mixing kerosene or other paraffins with the die-
sel is prohibited. The injectors may be damaged.
It is not permissible to mix petrol with diesel. In
the long term petrol can cause wear in the injec-
tors and engine.
At temperatures lower than those specified for
the diesel, paraffin wax may precipitate from the
diesel and block filters and pipes. The engine can
then lose power or stop.
The diesel is adapted for use in the specific cli-
mate of each country. If an engine is to be oper-
ated in a temperature zone with a temperature
lower than normal, first identify the temperature
properties of that particular diesel.
80
Quality requirements for fuel
HVO
HVO is a synthetic diesel which is manufactured
through the hydrogenation of plants and animal
fats. To the user, HVO is reminiscent of diesel in
accordance with EN590, apart from HVO having
a somewhat lower density.
Scania approves the use of up to 100% HVO for
all engines in accordance with the European
standard EN 15940.
Biodiesel (FAME)
Use of biodiesel
Scania uses the term biodiesel to refer to a re-
newable diesel made from greases or oils and
methanol. The biodiesel should conform to the
requirements of European standard EN 14214 or
Brazilian standard ANP-45. For biodiesel in ac-
cordance with EN 14214 or ANP-45, the generic
term FAME is frequently used.
Normal diesel in accordance with EN 590 can
contain up to 7% biodiesel from the diesel sup-
plier. There are grades of diesel that comply with
EN 590 but contain a higher mixture of biodies-
el.
Scania approves a mixture of up to 10% biodies-
el.
81
Quality requirements for fuel
Storage of biodiesel
IMPORTANT!
Biodiesel must not be stored for more than 6
months.
Biodiesel has a maximum storage life of
6 months from the date of production to the ex-
piry date. The fuel is affected by light, tempera-
ture, water, etc. during storage, which affects the
fuel characteristics and durability.
Biodiesel also has lower stability against oxida-
tion than diesel. This can result in a thickening of
the fuel and blocking of parts of the fuel system,
e.g. the fuel filter. Bacterial growth can occur
when fuel is stored in tanks under unfavourable
conditions. Avoid storage in barrels or auxiliary
tanks, except when fuel turnover rates are high.
Check tank cleanliness whenever refuelling
takes place.
If the engine has been refuelled with biodiesel,
and is stationary for a long period, condensation
water can form in the fuel tank resulting in bac-
terial growth.
See also the section Preservative fuel.
82
Preparing the engine for storage
Preparing the engine for
storage
If the engine is not being used for an extended
period its cooling system, fuel system and com-
bustion chamber and outside must be protected
against rust.
The engine can normally stand idle for up to
6 months without needing preparation. For
longer periods of than 6 months, however, the
measures in the following sections must be tak-
en. These measures provide protection for ap-
proximately 3 years, then the preparing
procedure must be repeated. An alternative to
preparing the engine for long-term storage is to
start the engine and warm it up every 6 months.
Preparation means that the following measures
are taken:
• The engine is cleaned thoroughly.
• Run the engine for a specific period using
special preservative fuel, oil and coolant.
• Otherwise prepare the engine for storage (fil-
ter renewal, lubrication, etc.).
Preservative products
Preservative oil
Use a normal engine oil that meets the require-
ments in the section Oil grade.
83
Preparing the engine for storage
Preservative coolant
Use coolant containing 50% by volume of gly-
col. Example: BASF MPG Glysacorr P113 and
Valvoline Zerex P113 FP.
WARNING!
Ethylene glycol can be fatal if ingested and can
cause skin irritation and eye damage.
Preservative fuel
Preservative fuel must not contain biodiesel.
Even small amounts of 5-10% biodiesel can have
adverse effects on the engine when in long-term
storage.
Long-term storage of diesel, where the diesel
comes into contact with water, may lead to the
growth of micro organisms (bacteria and fun-
gus).
In order to minimise the growth of micro-organ-
isms, preservative fuel should contain the fol-
lowing additives. The additives should be
selected and added by the fuel supplier.
Preservative fuel should comply with the follow-
ing requirements:
•
0% biodiesel.
•
Max. sulphur content 50 ppm.
•
Max. water content 200 ppm.
•
The fuel must contain additives to stop the
growth of micro-organisms.
84
Preparing the engine for storage
Preparations for storage
Environment
Use a suitable container. Used oil and coolant
must be disposed of as specified in national and
international laws and regulations.
Note:
Do not remove the injectors.
1. Remove plugs and tape from the coolant
connections, air intake and exhaust pipe.
2. Drain the oil.
3. Renew the oil filter and fuel filter.
4. Clean the centrifugal oil cleaner.
5. Fill with engine oil to the minimum level on
the oil dipstick.
6. Drain and flush the cooling system of any old
coolant.
7. Top up with preservative coolant.
8. Mix preservative fuel in a can. Detach the
fuel pipe at the feed pump suction line and
connect a hose from the can.
85
Preparing the engine for storage
9. Detach the fuel pipe at the overflow valve
and connect a return hose to a separate can.
10. Connect and bleed the fuel system.
11. Start the engine and run it at about 1,100 rpm
for 20 minutes.
12. Remove the rocker covers and lubricate the
valve mechanisms with pushrods and the
valve tappets, as well as the injector mecha-
nism, using a liberal amount of preservative
oil. Refit the rocker covers.
13. Drain the coolant if the engine is not to be
stored with coolant in the system. Plug and
tape all coolant connections if the engine is
to be stored without coolant in the cooling
system.
14. Remove the sea water pump impeller.
15. Renew the filter element in the air cleaner.
16. Cover the air intake and exhaust pipe.
17. Spray the outside of the alternator and starter
motor with water-repellent anti-corrosive
oil: CRC 226, LPS1 or equivalent.
18. Spray the outside of bright engine parts, first
with penetrating preservative oil such as
Dinitrol 25B and then with Dinitrol 112 or
the equivalent.
19. Clearly mark the engine with the storage
preparation date, and state that the engine
must not be started or cranked.
86
Preparing the engine for storage
Batteries
WARNING!
Wear protective gloves and protective goggles
when charging and handling batteries. The bat-
teries contain a highly corrosive acid.
Remove the batteries and trickle charge them at
the battery charging station. This does not apply
to batteries specified as maintenance-free by the
manufacturer.
The same applies to short-term storage, even if
the engine has not been prepared for storage as
above.
Storage
After the preparation, the engine should be
stored indoors in a dry location at room temper-
ature. The engine must be packed in packaging
made of VCI plastic to protect against dust, dirt
and moisture.
87
Preparing the engine for storage
When the engine is to be taken into
operation again
1. Remove plugs and tape from the coolant
connections, air intake and exhaust pipe.
2. Fill the cooling system with coolant.
3. Fit the sea water pump impeller.
4. Drain the preservative oil.
5. Renew the oil filter and fuel filter.
6. Fill with new engine oil.
7. Remove the rocker covers and lubricate the
valve mechanisms with pushrods and the
valve tappets, as well as the injector mecha-
nism, using a liberal amount of oil. Refit the
rocker covers.
8. Drain the preservative fuel from the fuel
manifold.
9. Connect and bleed the fuel system.
10. Wash off any preservative oil on the outside
using white spirit.
88
Technical data
Technical data
General data
Number of cylinders and configuration
V 8
Working principle
4-stroke engine
Cylinder diameter (mm/in)
130/5.12
Piston stroke (mm/in)
154/6.1
16.4/1,001
Displacement (dm3/in3)
Firing sequence
1 - 5 - 4 - 2 - 6 - 3 - 7 - 8
Compression ratio
16.7:1
Engine direction of rotation viewed from rear
Anti-clockwise
Fan direction of rotation viewed from front
Clockwise
Cooling
Coolant
Valve clearances, cold engine
Intake valve (mm/in)
0.45/0.018
Exhaust valve (mm/in)
0.70/0.028
Number of teeth on the flywheel
158
Low idling speed (rpm)
500-1,050
Maximum full-load speed (rpm)
2,300
Fuel
Diesel
Approximate weight, without coolant and oil (kg/lb)
1,660/3,660
Lubrication system
Oil volume
See Maintenance
Oil cleaning
Centrifugal oil cleaning
Oil cooler
Coolant cooled, full flow
Oil filter
Paper filter, full flow
Interval between oil changes (h)
500
Oil grade
Engines run on low-sulphur fuel
ACEA E5 or E7
Engines not run on low-sulphur fuel
Total Base Number (TBN) > 12
(ASTM D2896)
Oil pressure (bar/psi)
Normal with the engine at operating temperature, operating speed
3-6/43.5-87
Minimum permitted at idling speed
0.7/10.2
Crankcase pressure (mbar/psi)
-5.4 to 2.0/-0.08 to 0.03
89
Technical data
Intake system
Permissible pressure drop in the intake system with cleaned or new filter
30/0.44
(mbar/psi)
Permissible pressure drop in the intake system with blocked (dirty) filter
65/0.94
(mbar/psi)
Cooling system
65/17.2
Coolant volume, excluding radiator (dm3/US gallons)
Coolant temperature (°C/°F)
86-94/187-201
Number of thermostats
2
Thermostat opening temperature (°C/°F)
82/180
Fuel system
Injection system
XPI
Engine management system
EMS
Fuel filter
Scania polymer filter
Water separating prefilter
Scania polymer filter
Electrical system
Type
2-pin, 24 V, DC
Starter motor, standard equipment
2-pin, 24 V, 7.0 kW
Alternator, standard equipment
2-pin, 28 V, 100 A
90
Technical data
Material content
The values indicate an approximate percentage
for the different materials that make up the en-
gine.
Material
% by weight
Steel
40
Cast iron (30% recycled)
46
Aluminium
8
Copper, bronze, brass, zinc
1.5
Lead
< 0.1
Plastic
< 1
Rubber
< 1
Glass
0
Paints
< 1
Oils and greases
3
Recycling
Type of material
Recommended recycling method
Metal
Recycling.
Plastic
Recycling, incineration.
Chemicals and oils
Re-use if possible; otherwise hand in to an authorised waste disposal contrac-
tor.
Fuel filter and oil filter
Hand in to an authorised waste disposal contractor.
Colour
No known recycling methods.
Electronics
Hand in to an authorised waste disposal contractor.
91
Scania Assistance
Scania Assistance
Wherever you are, you can always get assistance
from the Scania service organisation, Scania As-
sistance, all day, every day of the year.
Always call the contact for your country.
Country
Tel
Country
Tel
Austria
+43 1 256 44 11
Latvia
+371 29 44 24 24
America
+1 (0) 800 272 2642
Lithuania
+46 8 52 24 24 24
America
1 800 2722642
Luxembourg
+32 2 264 00 00
Argentina
800 999 722 642
Malaysia
1800 08 8500
Australia
+611300722642
Malaysia
+6035590907
Belgium
+32 2 264 00 00
Mexico
+543327451092
Botswana
+26772 102 591
Morocco
+3222640000
Brazil
+8000194224
Namibia
+264634461352
Bulgaria
+359 88 666 0001
Netherlands
+31 76 52 54 111
Chile
188 800 722 642
Norway
+47 223 217 00
Colombia
+1800184548
Peru
0800-51-727
Czech Republic
+420 225 020 225
Peru
(01)512-1877
Denmark
+45 333 27044
Poland
+48 22 331 22 33
Estonia
Tallinn:+372 5153 388
Portugal
+34 91 678 9247
Estonia
Tartu:+372 5126 333
Romania
+40 723 27 27 26
Estonia
Pämu:+372 5071 477
Russia
+7(495) 925 77 75
Estonia
Rakvere:+372 5074 655
Singapore
+6565917180
Finland
+358 10 555 24
Slovakia
+421 903 722 048
France
+33 2 414 132 32
South Africa
0 800 005 798
Germany
+49 261 8878888
South Africa
+27 11 226 5005
Great Britain
0 800 800 660
Spain
+34 91 678 80 58
Great Britain
+441274301260
Sweden
+46 42 100 100
Hungary
+36 209 727 197
Switzerland
+41 800 55 24 00
Ireland
+353 71 963 4000
Thailand
+66819397525
Italy
+390461996222
Thailand
+1800 019 88
Latvia
+46 8 52 24 24 24
Uruguay
0 800 8351
Other countries:+46 8 52 24 24 24
Note:
Calls will be recorded for training purposes.
92
General tightening torques for screw joints
General tightening torques
for screw joints
Hexagon screws, hexagon
socket screws, Torx screws,
hexagon nuts
Metric thread. Strength class 8.8/8.
Tightening torque
Thread
Nm
Lb-ft
M4
2.9
21
M5
6
4
M6
9.5
7
M8
24
18
M10
47
35
M12
84
62
M14
135
100
M16
210
155
M18
290
214
M20
420
310
M22
580
428
M24
730
538
Flange screws with hexago-
nal head and hexagonal
flange nuts
Metric thread. Strength class 8.8/8.
Tightening torque
Thread
Nm
Lb-ft
M5
6.7
5
M6
10.2
8
M8
26
19
M10
50
37
M12
92
38
M14
149
110
M16
184
136
93
General tightening torques for screw joints
Hose clamps
Specifications in the tables show tightening
torque when tightening by hand.
A = width
Tightening torque
(mm)
Nm
Lb-ft
7.5-9
1.5
1
12
5
4
A
Tightening torque for new unfitted hose clamp is
max 1 Nm (0.7 lb-ft).
A = width
Tightening torque
(mm)
Nm
Lb-ft
20
10
7
25
20
15
A
A
94