4 Suspension System

4.1 Warnings and Notices.....................4-3

4.1.1 Warnings and Notices...........................................4-3

4.2 Front Suspension............................4-4

4.2.1 Specifications...........................................4-4

4.2.1.1 Fastener Tightening Specifications....................4-4
4.2.1.2 General Specifications.......................................4-4

4.2.2 Description and Operation........................4-6

4.2.2.1 Description and Operation..................................4-6

4.2.3 System Working Principle.........................4-7

4.2.3.1 Suspension System Terms................................4-7
4.2.3.2 Suspension System Component Working Principle
4-7

4.2.4 Component Locator..................................4-9

4.2.4.1 Component Locator............................................4-9

4.2.5 Disassemble View..................................4-10

4.2.5.1 Disassemble View............................................4-10

4.2.6 Diagnostic Information and Procedures.....4-
12

4.2.6.1 Diagnosis Description.......................................4-12
4.2.6.2 Shock Absorber Inspection..............................4-12
4.2.6.3 Ball Pin and Steering Knuckle Inspection.........4-13
4.2.6.4 Ball Stud Inspection..........................................4-14
4.2.6.5 Friction Too Great Inspection...........................4-14
4.2.6.6 Ride Diagnostic (Too Soft or Hard)..................4-15
4.2.6.7 Body Tilt or Sway When Cornering..................4-15
4.2.6.8 Noise Diagnostics.............................................4-15
4.2.6.9 Vehicle Front End Height Abnormal.................4-16

4.2.7 Removal and Installation........................4-18

4.2.7.1 Lower Control Arm Replacement.....................4-18
4.2.7.2 Lower Control Arm Bushing Replacement.......4-20
4.2.7.3 Front Strut Assembly Replacement..................4-22
4.2.7.4  Front  Shock  Absorber  Components  and  Spring
Replacement................................................................4-24
4.2.7.5 Stabilizer Bar Replacement..............................4-26
4.2.7.6 Stabilizer Bar Link Replacement......................4-27
4.2.7.7 Lower Control Arm Ball Joint Replacement......4-29
4.2.7.8 Steering Knuckle Replacement........................4-31
4.2.7.9 Front Wheel Hub Replacement........................4-33

4.2.8 Special Tools and Equipment.................4-34

4.2.8.1 Special Tool List...............................................4-34

4.3 Rear Suspension...........................4-35

4.3.1 Specifications.........................................4-35

4.3.1.1 Fastener Tightening Specifications..................4-35

4.3.2 Description and Operation......................4-36

4.3.2.1 Description and Operation................................4-36

4.3.3 System Working Principle.......................4-37

4.3.3.1 System Working Principle................................4-37

4.3.4 Component Locator................................4-38

4.3.4.1 Component Locator..........................................4-38

4.3.5 Disassemble View..................................4-39

4.3.5.1 Disassemble View............................................4-39

4.3.6 Diagnostic Information and Procedures.....4-
41

4.3.6.1 Diagnostic Information and Procedures...........4-41

4.3.7 Removal and Installation........................4-42

4.3.7.1 Rear Strut Assembly Replacement..................4-42
4.3.7.2  Rear  Shock  Absorber  Component  and  Spring
Replacement................................................................4-44
4.3.7.3 Rear Axle Assembly Replacement...................4-46
4.3.7.4 Rear Stabilizer Bar Replacement.....................4-48
4.3.7.5 Rear Wheel Hub Replacement.........................4-49
4.3.7.6 Rear Axle Sleeve Replacement.......................4-50

4.3.8 Special Tools and Equipment.................4-52

4.3.8.1 Special Tool List...............................................4-52

4.4 Wheels and Tires..........................4-53

4.4.1 Specifications.........................................4-53

4.4.1.1 Fastener Tightening Specifications..................4-53
4.4.1.2 Tire Specifications............................................4-53
4.4.1.3 Front Suspension Positioning Specifications.......4-
53
4.4.1.4 Rear Suspension Positioning Specifications........4-
54

Suspension System

Table of Contents

4-1

4.4.2 Description and Operation......................4-55

4.4.2.1 Tire Structure....................................................4-55
4.4.2.2  Tire  Sidewall  Mark  Meaning  and  the  Pressure
Instructions...................................................................4-55
4.4.2.3 Tire Transposition.............................................4-56

4.4.3 System Working Principle.......................4-58

4.4.3.1 Wheel Alignment..............................................4-58

4.4.4 Diagnostic Information and Procedures.....4-
60

4.4.4.1 Diagnosis Description.......................................4-60
4.4.4.2 Visual Inspection..............................................4-60
4.4.4.3 Initial Inspection Before Tire Positioning..........4-60
4.4.4.4 Wheel Bearing Diagnostic................................4-61
4.4.4.5 Wheel Vibration Diagnostic..............................4-63
4.4.4.6 Wheels Run Out Inspection..............................4-64
4.4.4.7 Tire Abnormal Wear Diagnostic.......................4-65
4.4.4.8 Excessive Tire Wear Diagnostic.......................4-67
4.4.4.9 Vehicle Waddle Diagnostic...............................4-68
4.4.4.10 Tire Wear Indicator.........................................4-70
4.4.4.11 Radial Tire Deviation Correction....................4-70

4.4.5 Removal and Installation........................4-73

4.4.5.1 Wheel Replacement.........................................4-73
4.4.5.2 Front Toe Adjustment.......................................4-73

4-2

Table of Contents

Suspension System

4.1 Warnings and Notices

4.1.1 Warnings and Notices

Assistant Driving Warning

Warning!

Warning: An assistant should drive the vehicle while the
technician  checks  for  the  location  of  the  reported
condition. Otherwise, personal injury could result.

Battery Disconnect Warning

Warning!

Warning:  Unless  directed  otherwise,  the  ignition  and
start switch must be in the OFF or LOCK position, and
all  electrical  loads  must  be  OFF  before  servicing  any
electrical  component.  Disconnect  the  negative  battery
cable  to  prevent  an  electrical  spark  should  a  tool  or
equipment  come  in  contact  with  an  exposed  electrical
terminal. Failure to follow these precautions may result
in  personal  injury  and/or  damage  to  the  vehicle  or  its
components.

Road Test Warning

Warning!

Warning: Road test a vehicle under safe conditions and
while  obeying  all  traffic  laws.  Do  not  attempt  any
maneuvers that could jeopardize vehicle control. Failure
to  adhere  to  these  precautions  could  lead  to  serious
personal injury and vehicle damage.

Engine Lifting Notice

Note

Notice: When raising or supporting the engine for any
reason, do not use a jack under the oil pan, any sheet
metal, or the crankshaft pulley. Lifting the engine in an
unapproved manner may cause component damage.

Excessive Adhesive on Flywheel Bolts Notice

Note

Notice:  Apply  the  proper  amount  of  the  sealant  to  the
fastener  when  assembling  this  component.  Excessive
use of the sealant can prohibit the component from being
assembled  properly  or  allow  the  fastener  to  loosen.  A
component  or  fastener  that  is  not  assembled  properly
can  loosen  or  fall  off  leading  to  extensive  engine
damage.

Suspension System

Warnings and Notices

4-3

4.2 Front Suspension

4.2.1 Specifications
4.2.1.1 Fastener Tightening Specifications

Applications

Model

Specifications

Notes

Metric (Nm)

US English (lb-ft)

Front Subframe Bolts

M14 × 1.5 × 95

160-200

118.0-147.5

 

Rear Subframe Bolts

M14 × 1.5 × 55

160-200

118.0-147.5

 

Cross Member Front
Bolts

M10 × 1.25 × 18

65-85

47.9-62.7

 

Steering Rod Ball Pin
Groove Nut

M10 × 1.25

44-54

32.5-39.8

Turn the nut 60 ° if the

pin can not be installed.

Front Shock Absorber
Upper Nuts

M8 × 1.25

36-42

26.6-31

 

Lower Control Arm Ball
Joint Connecting Bolts

M10 × 1.25 × 16

131-159

96.6-117.3

 

Lower Control Arm Ball
Joint Connecting Nuts

M12 × 1.25

131-159

96.6-117.3

 

Lower Control Arm Front
Bolts

M14 × 1.5 × 95

160-200

118.0-147.5

Drop the wheels and

then tighten to the

specified torque

Lower Control Arm Rear
Bolts

M14 × 1.5 × 95

160-200

118.0-147.5

Drop the wheels and

then tighten to the

specified torque

Front Stabilizer Bar
Connecting Nuts

M12 × 1.25

69-79

50.9-58.3

 

Ball Groove Nut

M14 × 1.5

131-158

96.6-116.5

Turn the nut 60 ° if the

pin can not be installed.

Shock Absorber Upper
Bracket and Piston Rod
Nut

M14 × 1.5

60-80

44.3-59.0

 

Stabilizer Bar Bracket
and Front Subframe
Connecting Nut

M10

45-55

33.2-40.6

 

Front Axle Wheel Hub
Nut (drive shaft)

M22 × 1.5

201-231

148.2-170.4

Fixed Locking Nut

4.2.1.2 General Specifications

Applications

Specifications

4-4

Front Suspension

Suspension System