Национальный доклад «Молодежь Казахстана – 2016» - часть 21

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Center «Youth»

National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

Figure 6.7

  «With diploma - to the village!» 

project

 «With diploma - to the 

village!» project 

granting a one-

time first 

settlement 

allowance in the 

amount of 70-fold 

MCI

granting the 

budgetary credit 

for the purchase 

or construction 

of housing 

(not exceeding 

1500MCI) for 15 

years period at 

0.01%

Figure 6.5 

State projects and programs aimed at young people

State projects and programs aimed at young people

«Zhassyl el»

 «With diploma - 

to the village!»

 «Mangilik el zhastary –

 industriyaga» 

 «Youth personnel 

reserve» 

Figure 6.6

 The number of «Zhasyl el» 

members by regions for 2016

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE 

OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Region/Kazakhstan

Number of people

Akmola region 

605

Aktobe region

2199

Almaty region

2263

Astana city

1120

Almaty city

1276

Atyrau region

600

East Kazakhstan region

1 600

Zhambyl region 

573

West Kazakhstan region

1225

Karaganda region

905

Kostanay region

308

Kyzylorda region

1000

Mangistau region

1200

Pavlodar region

1350

North Kazakhstan region 

434

South Kazakhstan region

1350

TOTAL

18008

widely known to young Kazakhstan generation. Thus, 
a little more than a third of the total number of young 
citizens are informed about them (Figure 6.8) [2].

 «Mangilik el zhastary — industriyaga» social project, 

which was launched in 2014, is one of the priority tasks 
set by the Head of the State Nursultan Nazarbayev in  

«Kazahstan-2050» Strategy and driven by the need of 

qualified personnel training.

The number of universities participating in the project 

has increased from 7 to 19 in 2015 compared to 2014, and 
the list of specialties too - from 19 to 61. Number of stu-
dents in 2015 totaled to 5 000 (Figure 6.10). The highest 
grant holders of  «Mangilik el zhastary — industriyaga» 
have been received by the South Kazakhstan and Kyzy-
lorda regions (80%). The first graduates of the project are 
expected in 2018.

As far as the objectives of the  «Youth personnel re-

serve» project is concerned, its creation is caused by the 
request of the President  «to form a new generation of 

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National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

Figure 6.11

 

 «Youth personnel reserve» project

 «Youth personnel reserve» project 

Figure 6.9 

 «Mangilik el zhastary — industriyaga» social 

project

The goal is training and subsequent 

employment of youth from labor-surplus 

regions (Almaty,

South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda 

and Mangystau regions) to the deficient 

eastern, northern and western regions of 

the country.

Project participants are provided with 

free accommodation in a hostel, food and 

educational scholarship.

The  goal  is  to  form  a  new  generation  of 
modern and efficient managers, motivated by 
career growth with a high level of professional 
skills and management competencies
•  Tasks:
•  identification,  selection,  training  and 

senior executves education;

•  creating the necessary conditions for the 

professional growth of young Kazakhstan 
people to obtain new knowledge and self-
improvement;

•  formation  of  an  effective  system  of 

personnel  reserve  training,  based  on 
advanced training technology

modern and efficient managers for the public administra-
tion system, businesses and public activity areas» among 
young people, which was outlined in 2008 at the I Con-
gress of  «Zhas Otan» youth wing of  «Nur Otan» Party.

For 7 years of execution of the  «Youth personnel re-

serve» project more than 13 000 young people have been 
applying in order to take part. 

Thus, for all the time of the project implementation 

404 people have passed open competitive selection, test-

ing, training modules, assessment of professional com-
petencies, internship in various organizations.

After internships in government agencies and national 

companies more than 40% of reservists have changed 
their work places. More than half of them have moved 
from the district to the regional and from the urban/re-
gional to the national level.

At the end of the  «Youth personnel reserve» project in 

2016 16 contestants (Figure 6.12) have been also included.

Young people take a special place in the socio-eco-

nomic development system, participating in manufac-
turing processes, functioning of large business of the 
Republic of Kazakhstan.

Thus, young professionals are annually employed in  

«NAC  «Kazatomprom» JSC system. Companies includ-

ed in  «NAC  «Kazatomprom» JSC system, permanently 
implement special programs to support young profes-
sionals, providing the payment by the employer of the 
young specialist travel costs to the place of work, provid-
ing a mentor from among experienced employees, pay-
ment of first settlement allowance, preferential conditions 
for housing loans and more.

Figure 6.10

 

 «Mangilik el zhastary — industriyaga» project, 

the year of 2015 [3]

SOURCE: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE 

OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

 Subpopulaton, people

 Universities, units

965

4

4

3

2

2

1

1

1

1

960

935

540

475

393

300

300

132

North Kazakhstan

West Kazakhstan

Atyrau

Aktobe

Akmola

East Kazakhstan

Pavlodar

Kostanay

Karaganda

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Center «Youth»

National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

Figure 6.12

 Implementation results of the  

«Youth personnel reserve» project 

Implementation results of the  «Youth 
personnel reserve» project for 7 years

More than 13 000 young people have 

applied in order to take part. 

404 people have passed open competitive 

selection, testing, training modules, assessment 

of professional competencies, internship in 

various organizations

After internships in government 

agencies and national companies 
more than 40% of reservists have 

changed their work places. 

In addition, university students have the opportunity 

to pass their manufacturing and pre-diploma practice in 
the enterprises.

The widest representation of young people is pro-

vided by the trade union movement. Thus, Federation 
of Trade Unions of the Republic of Kazakhstan unites 2 
million 200 thousand people, including 545 058 young 
people under 29 years old, representing 25% of the total 
number of trade union members. The Youth Commission 
has been working in the Federation of Trade Unions of 
Kazakhstan since 2010. Youth commissions at all levels 
of trade union bodies have been created. The General 
Council has approved the  «Fundamentals of youth pol-
icy of Federation of Trade Unions». Mostly, youth poli-
cy focuses on systematization of the trade union work 
with youth, specification of the long-term positions in 
cooperation with governmental and non-governmental 
organizations for the protection of the legitimate rights of 
the youth, recruiting and training of trade union leaders 
of the movement among young people.

Today there is a growing number of young people in 

trade unions of railway workers, health, education and 
science, culture, oil and gas and workers of other indus-
tries. The basis for a real improvement of the trade union 
work with youth training and improving the trade union 
activists. In this context, trade union youth has got an 
opportunity to gain the knowledge and practical skills on 
the most important areas of trade union work, including 

legal matters, collective bargaining, collective action, or-
ganizing, youth and gender policies and others.

One of the best practice of youth organizations can 

be referred to youth wing of  «Keleshek» trade union 
organizations of Kostanay, Mangistau and Atyrau re-
gions. During the work young trade union workers have 
hold a series of activities that contribute to the formation 
of trade unions positive image. Youth activists have taken 
over a large part of the outreach efforts, organizational and 
methodical work. In addition, Federation of Trade Unions of 
the Republic of Kazakhstan contributes to the formation of 
trade unions image among young people and the organiza-
tion of various interesting events for the youth (conferences, 
forums, seminars, workshops, charity events, round tables), 
informational work (media coverage, publication of youth 
work in  «Қазақстан кәсіподағы» newspaper).

  «Kazakhstan Temir Zholy» National Corporation pays 

great attention to the youth company participation. Start-
ing from their own youth policy program, the company 
implemented a number of specific steps. In particular, 
over the period 2012-2015 the proportion of employees 
of the Company related to the age group 30-35 years has 
increased to 13%. For the moment, the Company and 
its subsidiaries have 52 thousand young workers, that is 
equal to 36% of the total employees number. 25.7% of 
them (13 387 people) occupy positions of managers and 
specialists. The proportion of young people among the 
workers is 74.3% (38 655 people). In 2016, a number of 
important youth activities among young railway workers 
in the country was held as part of the Youth Program of 
the organization. In addition, the company attaches great 
importance to social security of workers and youth.

Nevertheless, in spite of the measures implemented, 

the role of youth in social and economic development of 
the country is not high today. According to statistical data, 
a majority of the youth is employed in common labor 
areas. First of all, it is trade and agriculture sectors. Thus, 
the youth labor market indicates to a lack of competitive-
ness of the country’s young people, many of whom have 
higher education.

 6.2. 

 REGULATORY ASPECTS OF LABOR 

AND YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC 

OF KAZAKHSTAN

Under  «Kazakhstan-2050: New Policy for the estab-

lished state» Strategy youth policy priorities realization 
is one of the key objectives. The Head of the State N.A. 
Nazarbayev has noted the effectiveness of long-term in-
vestment policy for human potential development, which 

allowed to form the current generation of talented young 
people.

However, today the country has set itself new am-

bitious goals for social modernization, industrialization, 

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Center «Youth»

National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

Figure 6.13

 Youth participation factor in the trade union movement

Figure 6.14

 Youth participation factor in production processes 

Trade Unions Federation of the Republic of Kazakhstan 

 «Kazakhstan Temir Zholy» 

Unites 545 058 young people, 

that is 25% of the total number 

of trade union members

The Company and its 

subsidiaries have 52 thousand 

young workers, that is equal 

to 36% of the total employees 

number

Today there is a growing 

number of young people in 

trade unions of railway workers, 

health, education and science, 

culture, oil and gas industries

25.7% of them (13 387 people) 

occupy positions of managers 

and specialists. 

Trade union youth develop their 
skills on legal matters, collective 

bargaining, collective action, 

organizing, youth and gender 

policies

The proportion of young 

people among the workers is 

74.3% (38 655 people)

accelerated innovation and economic integration. Having 
consolidated the achievements of 20 years of indepen-
dence, Kazakhstan is going in the third decade of the XXI 
century, confidently moving towards the goal, that is to 
become one of the 30 developed countries of the world.

In these circumstances, a great hope and responsibil-

ity is entrusted to young people, which will carry creative 
affairs of the older generation, lift a national competi-
tiveness level higher, ensure prosperity and international 
recognition of Kazakhstan in the XXI century.

From the first days of independence, the various pro-

grams are being implemented in Kazakhstan, aimed at 
ensuring the social rights in the field of youth education, 
labor and employment, health, development of creativ-
ity, creation of conditions for successful socialization of 
young people and the formation of patriotic values.

Current employment situation analysis 
of young people in Kazakhstan

According to the Committee on Statistics of the Min-

istry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan 

the economically active population of youth equaled to 2 

274,0 thousand people, including the employed popula-

tion of 2 178 400 people in the II quarter of 2016.

The youth unemployment rate in the country amount-

ed to 4.2%, which is lower by 0.3% compared with the 
same period of 2015 (totaled to 4.5%). In the quantitative 
value of the number of unemployed youth amounted to 
95.6 thousand people in the second quarter of 2016.

Success in life and career, no doubt, is one of the most 

important needs of the youth. According to a sociological 
survey conducted among youth by Scientific Research 
Center  «Youth» the factors necessary for success and 
career growth have been identified. These factors can be 
divided into two groups. The first group includes inter-
nal factors, i.e., factors depending on the person: good 
education (60.6%), high qualification, training (48.3%), 
language skills (31.8%), legal literacy (19.8%) and etc.

The second group includes external factors that de-

pend on external circumstances: networking (22.2%), rich 
parents (18.4%), good luck (10.9%), good appearance 

(6.5%) and others.

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National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

THE RESULTS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF YOUNG PEOPLE 

(ACCORDING TO SRC  «YOUTH»)

%

Have a good education

60,6

Have a highly qualified, professional training

48,3

Know Kazakh, Russian and foreign languages

31,8

Have useful networking

22,2

Be a legally competent person

19,8

Have rich parents

18,4

Have a talent, exceptional ability

15,2

Have good luck

10,9

Have an attractive appearance

6,5

Know Kazakh language

5,5

Know Kazakh and Russian language

5,4

Marry successfully 

4,8

Have physical strength

4,4

Other reason

0,1

Be purposeful

0,1

Stable work

0,1

No answer

1,9

Figure 6.15

 Table Distribution of answers to the 

question: What is necessary for success and career 

growth? (in %)

It is remarkable that the most of the young people 

have chosen the factors from the first group, therefore, 
the respondents are aware that only work and efforts will 
bring to success in life and career (Figure 6.15).

Young people face a problem of being employed be-

cause of the following reasons: lack of experience (47.7%), 

low wages (37.4%), lack of work places in a resided lo-

cality (30.3%), bribery, corruption of employers (24%), 
mismatch of educational qualifications and functional 
requirements of a vacant position (21.9%), lack of com-
petitiveness of youth in the labor market (21.4%) (Figure 
6.16).

Thus, there is a mismatch of youth requests, educa-

tional qualifications and the real situation on the labor 
market.

Youth pays special importance to success in life and 

career. To achieve these goals the majority of respon-
dents consider it important to apply own efforts (getting 
a good education, qualifications, training, language skills, 

legal literacy, and so on). But there are also those who only 
rely on external circumstances (networking, rich parents, 
good fortune, good appearance and so on).

More than half of respondents are satisfied with the 

quality of the education qualifications, mostly in the pre-
school and general secondary education than technical, 
professional and higher one, as having been employed 
young people face obstacles in the form of non-compli-
ance of professional education and market requirements, 
when there is no necessary working places in a locality.

One of the obstacle to be noted is dormant high de-

mands on wages of young people. Lack of experience 
leads to low competitiveness of youth in the labor market. 

All described reasons provokes bribery and corruption of 

employers.

The measures taken to reduce unemployment among 

young people.

The state youth policy in the field of labor and employ-

ment is carried out through the implementation of youth 
employment programs, development of public works and 
training of young people in professional development 
courses and advanced education.

For the purposes of effectively youth unemployment 

problem solving a targeted approach is used, the mea-
sures are taken to distribute components such as the pro-
vision of employment (Employment Road Map - 2020, 

Zhassyl El), provision of job (With diploma to the village,  

«Mangilik el zhastary — industriyaga», Business Road Map 

- 2020), encouraging to get education (free vocational 

development for everyone starting in 2017,  «Bolashak» 
Scholarship program, grants and quotas for rural youth).

Employment Road Map - 2020
One of the main measures against youth unemploy-

ment is the implementation of the  «Employment Road 
Map — 2020», approved by the Government of the Re-

public of Kazakhstan on March 31, 2015 under No.62, the 
target indicator of which is to keep the youth unemploy-
ment rate up to 2020 at a level not exceeding 4.6%.

Implementation  of  the    «Employment  Road 

Map — 2020» program provides directions for conditions 
creation to increase employment among young people 
of Kazakhstan.

The State renders support measures in this direction in 

the form of free training courses, retraining and advanced 
training, subsidies for travel to the place of training and 
accommodation, as well as search for suitable vacancies 
and employment assistance, social jobs subsidy and re-
muneration of youth practice participants labor.

If asked to relocate, a participant is provided with sub-

sidies for relocation, service housing, vocational training 
in the new place of residence with the purpose of subse-
quent employment.

According to the Ministry of Health and Social De-

velopment of the Republic of Kazakhstan more than 26 
thousand young people have received state support (in-
cluding 173 people have taught the basics of entrepre-
neurship, 201 young people have received microcredits, 

49 people have opened own businesses and 1727 people 

have got vocational training) as of June 1, 2016 within the 
framework of the Employment Road Map - 2020.

6867 people have been sent to youth practice during 

the period from January 1 to June 1 of this year, 1929 of 
young people have been employed to permanent places 

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Scientific-Research

Center «Youth»

National Report «Youth of Kazakhstan – 2016»

THE RESULTS OF A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF YOUNG PEOPLE 

(ACCORDING TO SRC  «YOUTH»)

%

Lack of experience

47,7

Low wages

37,4

Lack of work places in a resided locality

30,3

Bribery, corruption of employers

24,0

Mismatch of educational qualifications and 

functional requirements of a vacant position

21,9

Lack of competitiveness of youth in the labor 

market 

21,4

High ambitions of young professionals

7,0

No obstacles

6,4

Discrimination based on ethnic (national) basis

5,3

Health status

5,3

Having a minor child

5,1

Discrimination based on sex

3,8

Other reason

0,0

No answer

3,0

To be purposeful

0,1

Stable work

0,1

Hard to answer

1,9

Figure 6.16

 Distribution of answers to the 

question: What prevents young people from being 

employed in your locality? (in %)

Figure 6.17 

Employment Road Map - 2020

Priority right to take part in the  

«Employment Road Map — 2020»

•  Young  people  under  29  years,  including 

graduate students and secondary schools 
students  of  9,  11  grades,  technical 
and  professional  organizations,  post-
secondary,  higher  and  postgraduate 
education  within  three  years  after 
graduation

•  Orphan  students,  orphans  and  children 

without  parental  support  aged  eighteen 
to twenty-nine years.

of work.

For reference:  «Employment Road Map — 2020» 

Program in 2009-2014 was attended by more than 235 
thousand young people. In 2015, more than 59 thousand 
young people received state support under the program. 

And 63 367 young people received state support in the 

framework of the Program as of January 1, 2016, including 
rural youth, amounted to 29 632 people.

The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic 

of Kazakhstan administers funding for training persons 
accepted for training. The number of students trained 
under the  «Employment Road Map — 2020» Program in 
the 2015-2016 academic year was 210 people. Since the 
beginning of implementation of the  «Employment Road 
Map — 2020» it is aimed to train 63 700 young people. 

After being trained 27,4 thousand participants (43%) were 

employed to permanent work places. 

Business Road Map — 2020
Under  «Business Road Map — 2020» Program the 

development and support of entrepreneurship in the 
Republic of Kazakhstan, including support for young en-
trepreneurs is carried out.

Since the implementation of the Unified Program as 

of July , 2016 the following financial support has been 
provided (Figure 6.19).

 «Zhassyl El»
Under the initiative of the Head of the State in 2005 in 

the Republic of Kazakhstan  «Zhassyl El» project has been 
widely developed.

Today  «Zhassyl El» is one of the breakthrough social 

projects. More than 200 thousand volunteers have been 
involved for 10 years. They have planted millions of trees 
and processed more than 100 thousand hectares of land.

Thus, according to the results of a sociological survey 

conducted by the  «Scientific Research Center  «Youth» 
LLP, 12.8% of respondents indicated that they had also 
been involved in the project itself, 11.6% suggested it 
was one of the best project (second place in the popu-

larity ranking of youth initiatives and organizations, after  

«Zhas Otan»).

Analysis of statistical data has showed that from 2013 

to 2015 an increase in the number of unemployed youth, 
employed to landscaping works, sanitation and improve-
ment of human settlements in  «Zhassyl El» youth labor 
groups was marked (Figure 6.20).

Participation in  «Zassyl El» Program solves not only 

social problem of unemployed young people, but is also 
acts as an ideological message, the current movement is 

filled with. And one more advantage of this Program is 

that a status of the youth labor movement participant for 
young people is more attractive in a difficult life situation.

Detailed information on the planned volunteers num-

ber of youth labor groups for in 2016 in terms of the re-
gions is presented in Figure 6.21.

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Figure 6.18

 Directions of the  «Employment Road Map — 2020» program

Provision of population 
employment

•  through the 

implementation of 
infrastructure projects 
in cities and rural areas 
with high and medium 
potential of social and 
economical development

•  quickly create work 

placesand control the 
unemployment level

Support, creation 
or expansion of of own 
business

•  teaching the basics of 

entrepreneurship

Division of responsibility 
between the state, employers, 
educational institutions and 
program participants

•  training and relocation 

under the requirement 
of a particular employer 
with a guarantee of 
program participants 
future employment

Figure 6.19 

Financial support of «Business Road Map — 2020»

«Business 

Road Map – 

2020» 

•  interest rate subsidies for loans of STB for 7 628 projects amounted to 1 471, 73 bln. 

tenge of credit, 127.64 billion tenge of subsidy paid, 10% of which refers to a share of 
young entrepreneurs, i.e. 694 project (850 projects amounted to 86,51 billion tenge 
of credits, 13,96 billion tenge for the first half of 2016 paid)

•  granted  guarantees  on  bank  loans  for  2009  projects  totaling  74.2  billion  tenge, 

the amount of guarantees is 31.5 bln., 11% of which refers to the share of young 
entrepreneurs, i.e. 230 projects (guarantees provided for bank loans for363 projects 
amounted to 8.8 billion tenge, the amount of the guarantees is 3.6 billion tenge for 
the first half of 2016.);

•  1031 grants amounting to 2 616 million. tenge were issued, 21% of which trefers 

to the share of young entrepreneurs, i.e. 216 projects (154 grants in the amount of 
288.5 million tenge were issued in the first half of 2016);

•  1034 microcredits amounting to 3,05 bln. tenge were issued, 16% of which refers to 

the share of young entrepreneurs, i.e. 165 projects (185 microcredits in the amount 
of 607 mln. tenge were issued in the first half of 2016).

 «With diploma to the village!»
Overall, during the period of the Project 42 787 profes-

sionals who received first settlement allowance totaling 7 

939,9 million tenge and 17 197 specialists granted bud-
getary credits for the property purchase in the amount of 

37 389,0 mln tenge have been attracted to the rural areas.

The Project provides 8 669.6 million tenge from the 

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Suggested solutions to increase employment 
level of young people in Kazakhstan
It is suggested to expand the scope of activities 

through the introduction of new directions and ap-
proaches to the existing programs in order to increase 
the level of employment of young people of Kazakhstan. 

 «Zhassyl El»
One of the new directions in the activities of  «Zhassyl 

El» youth labor groups is planning, development and im-
plementation of major long-term environmental projects, 
which will hereafter focus on business.

The development of youth entrepreneurship will en-

hance employment among young people, skills training 
and  «Zhassyl El» activities transition to a new level.

The readiness of the youth movement to assume 

a state order for provision of social services, that is public 
works for the unemployed up to 29 years, may be noted 
with a future consideration of this direction. This would 
solve the issues of seasonality in the organization work, 
improve the moral health of unemployed young people 
and allow them to engage in the educational process.

Today there is a practice of involving volunteers not 

only with an aid of cooperation with the universities, but 
also through the employment centers and media.

Thus, analyzing the unemployment issue of young 

people participating in  «Zhassyl El» Project, it is sug-
gested to consider year-round funding of  «Zhassyl El» 
youth labor group’s activities as exemplified by Aktobe 
region in order to involve a broad unemployed youth and 
smooth operation of  «Zhassyl El» labor groups.

The transition to this system will allow: 

- to implement the organization’s activities throughout 

the year, not limited by seasonal periods;

- to plan long-term activities of the organization;
- to implement employment not only in summer but 

year-round;

- to expand the types of works performed according 

to season: snow job, prevent spring floods and other ac-
tivities that improve environmental and social conditions 
in the regions;

- to raise employers’ interest in year-round coopera-

tion. 

This approach will increase the employment level, 

strengthen social impact among young people, as well 
as expand the operations and activities of youth labor 
groups in whole.

 «With diploma - to the village!»
According to the annual budget provided by the re-

gional budget programs administrators a need in budget 
credits is much higher than the amount actually charged 
from the republican budget for provision of social sup-
port and agro-industrial complex specialists. 

republican budget for granting the budgetary credit for 
the property purchase or construction for 2 725 profes-
sionals in 2016.

As of July 1, 2016 1334 specialists have been issued 

budget loans totaling 4 075.0 mln. tenge for the property 
purchase.

 «Youth practice»
Since the launch of  «Youth practice» Program 86.8 

thousand people, 31.6 thousand of them are young peo-
ple, have been employed to social jobs.

Under the  «Youth practice» Program 10 267 people 

have been employed in 2015; as of July 1, 2016 8 558 
young people and 24 18 people have been employed to 
a permanent job.

In general, it is planned 11 262 people to be attended 

by in 2016. Contracts with 3 851 enterprises and organi-

zations for the adoption of the  «Youth practice» project 

participants have been concluded. 

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Figure 6.21

 

10 years of  «Zhasyl El» project 

SOURCE ZASSYL EL

Period

44, 235 million 

seedlings across 

the country

Total area of over 

134,288 hectares

2005

5 000 000

8 000 hectares

2006

11 000 000

19 000 hectares

2007

9 000 000

11 929 hectares

2008

9 800 000

12 200 hectares

2009

2 043 000

12 500 hectares

2010

4 700 000

12 700 hectares

2011

993 639

12 900 hectares

2012

1 010 000

12 100 hectares

2013

464 600

10 000 hectares

2014

105 412

7 612 hectares

2015

69 663

16 347 hectares

As a result of the annual underfunding of the needs 

for the provision of budget loans, arrived specialists are 
waiting in line and cannot get social support. This creates 
social tension among certain contingent. The solution to 
this problem is possible only with a maximum coverage 
of budget credits needs.

In this context, the Ministry of National Economy of 

the Republic of Kazakhstan works over the issue of max-
imum funds allocation for the measures implementation 
of specialists social support in the form of budgetary 
credit for 2017-2019.

 «Business Road Map — 2020»

The issues of perfection of state population microcre-

dit support, including focused one, primarily for young 
people are being worked over in order to develop a mass 
enterprise.

It is offered to make microcredits available for the 

population of major cities, to identify a single operator 
for its implementation in the countryside and in the cities, 
to establish a unified microcredit amount up to 16 million 
tenge, to implement a program guaranteeing microcredit 
in the absence of the required mortgage security through 
the STB infrastructure and microfinance institutions.

 

 6.3. 

 SOCIAL AND SECURITY GUARANTEES 

OF YOUTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

One of the most urgent problems of young people is 

having their own property. Own property is the founda-
tion of a strong family, a successful professional career, 
peace of mind and personal fulfillment. The state will pro-
vide support to young people in house-buying, based 
on the level of development and the possibility of the 

national economy. The most popular type of assistance 
is a help in house-buying. Buying a property is one of 
the most important issues in the life of each person. Own 
house is not only a guarantee of stability and tranquility, 
it is, above all, the foundation for a family, or the reason 
to increase the number of the family members.

One of the most common problems among young 

people is housing question. This problem is often faced 
to young families.

In accordance with Kazakhstan legislation, there are 

such forms of state support for young families in resolv-
ing housing problems as housing under the state pro-
gram or rental housing.

Housing for young families is the new housing trend 

developed under the orders of the President of the Re-
public of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev, issued on January 

27, 2012 in his Address to the Nation  «Socio-economic 

modernization is the main direction of development of 
Kazakhstan». [4]

Regional Development Program until 2020 
Housing problems, as well as any other issues having 

social significance, are constantly monitored by the Head 
of the State. The State organizations have taken different 
measures for the development of housing and providing 
housing for citizens in different times.

At the moment, House Construction Savings Bank 

(hereinafter - HCSBK) works under  «Regional Develop-

ment Program 2020». This is a unique program aimed at 
providing Kazakhstan people, including young families, 
with new, affordable and comfortable housing.

There is also a special program for young families who 

are just starting their family home. This program helps 
to choose a convenient option of housing rent with its 
subsequent purchase, and the bank provides favorable 
conditions for the accumulation and obtaining a residen-
tial loan.

Citizens, who (or their family members) has no hous-

ing on the right of ownership or lease of property on the 
territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan can take part in 
this Program.

 «Kazakhstan Mortgage Company» Mortgage orga-

nization» JSC provides rental housing with or without 
purchase option. The following citizens will be able to 
apply for housing through Kazakhstan Mortgage Com-
pany (hereinafter - KMC): families with many children, 
single-parent families, families having or upbringing 
disabled children, orphans, children without parental 
support, repatriates (oralmans), as well as civil servants, 
military personnel, employees of special state agencies 
and workers of budgetary organizations. In addition, the 
ability to obtain housing is also available for employees of 
public entities which Kazakhstan Mortgage Company has 
entered into agreements or memoranda with. Over the 
entire period of implementation of the  «Regional Devel-

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Figure 6.22

 

Programs aimed at improvement of young families living conditions 

Programs aimed at improvement of young 

families living conditions 

Regional Development 

Program until 2020

Employment 

road Map - 2020

With diploma 

to the village

opment Program until 2020» the  «Kazakhstan Mortgage 
Company» Mortgage organization» JSC plans to provide 

1 483 thousand square meters of rental housing (about 

29 thousand apartments). And  «Samruk-Kazyna» Real 

Estate Fund» JSC Program is developed for the middle 
class applicants.

All citizens of Kazakhstan can purchase housing under  

«Samruk-Kazyna» Real Estate Fund» JSC Program, but the 

priority is given to the applications with no housing of 
those who are in need of better housing conditions.

The more popular method of getting housing as 

compared to others under the Program is house-buying 
through  «HCSBK» JSC. All citizens of Kazakhstan can get 
housing subject to the conditions of the bank (accumu-

lation of half of the house value for three or more years, 
subject to regular refill). In addition, the bank provides 

apartments for young families, the aggregate monthly 
income of which does not exceed 230 thousand tenge. 

There is a huge advantage in the current economic situ-

ation of  «HCSBK» JSC, it is full independence from the 
dollar. The bank operates only in KZT, thus the cost of 

housing is not subject to revaluation depending on the 
dollar.

There is a subprogram called  «Housing for Young 

Families» realized in  «HCSBK» JSC, developed for fami-
lies, when the age of each of the spouses does not exceed 

29 years. If there is only one parent in a family, the age 

limit applies only to a parent upbringing a child (children), 

and should not exceed 29 years. Thus, the living space is 
available on favorable terms of credit, taking into account 
the number of family members, allocated no less than 15 
to 18 square meters per person. If there are 3 members 
of a family, the apartment area should not be less than 

45 sq.m. [5].

In order to participate in the direction of  «Young 

family» spouses and family members should not have 
own property in the locality where they are planning to 
purchase housing.

Summarizing, we can say that the most successful 

programs aimed at providing housing for young families, 
and population of Kazakhstan is  «Regional Development 
Program until 2020». During the implementation a sig-

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nificant part of young families have been provided with 
housing.  «Regional Development Program until 2020» 
always has been and remains the most absolutely real 
chance for every citizen of Kazakhstan to receive their 
own housing. [6]

The state provides the possibility of other types of 

housing for young families. Service housing can be pur-
chased also as a part of the  «Employment Road Map 

2020».

Figure 6.24  «Young family» Program in terms 

of the regions of Kazakhstan, the year of 2016

Regions

Number 

of 

houses

Number of 

apartments

Area, 

thousand.

sq.m.

Akmola region

1

75

5

Almaty region

2

100

7

Аtyrau region

1

45

3

East Kazakhstan 

region

4

345

20

West Kazakhstan 

region

2

180

11

Karaganda 

region

3

228

10

Kyzylorda region

3

180

12

Pavlodar region

1

64

5

North 

Kazakhstan 

region

1

75

4

South 

Kazakhstan 

region

2

216

11

Astana city

3

382

25

Almaty city

15

594

34

Total

38

2484

146

Increasing labor mobility within the employer’s needs 

effected on account of assistance to voluntary resettle-
ment of citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan and to 
ensure the adaptation of youth.

Persons entitled to participate in and being provid-

ed with governmental support are determined by Rules 
promoting the mobility of persons involved in active 
measures to promote employment, provide them with 
governmental support measures.

In accordance with the established criteria, local exec-

utive bodies in coordination with the central authorized 
body on regional development issues define the list of 
localities with a low and a high potential for social and 
economic development and direct it to the operator of 
the Program.

Additional conditions for implementation 

of the  «Increasing labor mobility» 
component in a pilot mode.
In East Kazakhstan, North Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda and 

Pavlodar regions, as well as in the regions defined by the 
decision of the interdepartmental commission the con-
struction, purchase, completion and settlement of service 
housing is carried out with the participation of employers.

As a result of the Program implementation until 2020, 

active measures on providing employment will cover up 
to a half million people, including no less than 800 thou-
sand of rural residents. [7]

 6.4. 

 SOCIAL WELL-BEING OF YOUNG FAMILY

The Republic of Kazakhstan Constitution proclaims 

Kazakhstan as a social state whose policy is aimed at 
creating conditions for a dignified life and free personal 
development. In connection with this policy, the labor 

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and health of citizens (including disabled and senior cit-
izens) are being secured, government support of family 
and motherhood is provided, system of social services is 
developed and other social security guarantees are made.

Getting affordable housing is just one direction of the 

state activity. In addition, there are other support measures:

One of the direction of social policy of the state is 

a support for young families on the birth of a child. Social 
support includes lump sum allowance at birth, monthly 
child benefits, free meals for children up to two years in 
a needy families, labor, tax, housing, medical and other 
benefits for parents and children.

According to the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan  

«On state assistance to families with children», and Article 

66 of the Law  «On Labor», a lump sum allowance on the 
birth of a child and a monthly benefit for child care up to 

1 year is provided in Kazakhstan for 2016.

If a mother (or a father, while there is no mother) of 

a newborn child does not work, then the state provides 
benefits for pregnancy and childbirth.

At birth, a mother or a father of a child, regardless of 

whether they work or not, can apply to a  «Lump sum 
state allowance» at the birth of a child at the expense of 
the state budget subject to relevant documents.

If a mother (a father) of a newborn child does not 

work, there are monthly cash allowance in the Republic 
of Kazakhstan at the expense of the state budget. The 
money is charged after the birth of a child, based on the 
birth certificate.

According to Article 4 of the Law  «On state assistance 

to families with children» families with born, adopted, and 
taken into custody (custody) children are entitled to re-
ceive:

• 

benefits  at  birth  (for  a newborn  child); 

care benefits in cases where: a person caring for 
a child, is not a party to the compulsory social 
insurance system;

• 

a person caring for a child, born before January 

1, 2008, is a member of the obligatory social in-

surance system;

• 

child benefits in cases where an average income 
of a family is below the food basket cost;

• 

benefits to a person, caring for a disabled child.

State benefits to families with children, is granted and 

paid on the basis of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan  

«On state assistance to families with children» dated June 

28, 2005 under No.63-III. Benefit for children under 18 is 

appointed in cases where the average income of a family 
is below the food basket cost. The cost of the food basket 
is 60% of minimum subsistence amount, which amounted 
to 21 364 tenge in the 1st quarter of 2016 in Kazakhstan. 

In the 1st quarter of 2016 the food basket cost in Kazakh-

stan was equal to 12 818 tenge. The allowance rate is 1.05 
of monthly calculation index, or 2 227 tenge per child.

Youth reserve development project
Youth reserve development project (hereinafter re-

ferred to as the Project) is implemented by the Ministry 

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of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan 
under the Grant Agreement No.TF014174 between Ka-
zakhstan and the International Bank for Reconstruction 
and Development (hereinafter referred to as the World 
Bank), dated 10 September 2015, ratified by the Law 
of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 18 February 2016 
No.454-V SAM.

The purpose of the project is to encourage young 

people’s involvement in community life and the develop-
ment of the essential skills through the implementation 
of training programs for public activities for the benefit 
of the community, particularly among vulnerable groups 
of young people.

Project activities are organized in three components:

- support of skills training in socially useful activities 

for the benefit of the community and the development 
of life skills;

- support of the development of institutional mech-

anisms for the Ministry of Education and Science of the 
Republic of Kazakhstan to youth policy implementation;

- project management, monitoring and evaluation.

It is expected the project will bring substantial benefits 

to the youth policy development in Kazakhstan, main-
ly due to the positive development of young people 
through the involvement of young people in community 
life, encouraging initiative, skills training in socially useful 
activities.

This project also contributes to the implementation of 

the Strategic Development Plan until 2020, developed by 
the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter 

- GoRK), as well to various areas of youth policy conducted 

by the GoRK, in particular the Concept of the state youth 
policy - 2020. As a result of the Project will serve as a basis 
for the further policy and youth programs development.

To achieve the expectations within the first component 

context includes the following activities:

• 

grants and social benefits in the context of sub-
skills training for socially useful activity for the 
benefit of the community (at least 8 500 of young 
people and 100 youth organizations);

• 

life skills development and training in project 
management (mentoring and weekly training to 

the beneficiaries);

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Figure 6.29. Scheme of the Project’s First Component implementation

Coordination Agency 

selects application 

forms created by the 

Commission

Evaluation of results, 

assistance in reports 

preparation and 

studying the issue on 

further interaction 

between the project 

finalists

Monthly meetings of 

the participants with 

the curator. Each group 

will have an assigned 

mentor in order to 

hold monthly meetings 

with each participant. 

Task of a mentor is 

the establishment 

of communication 

between young 

people and public 

services working in 

their community/

region, including 

local employment 

and health centers 

and development 

consolidation

Young people 

participating in the 

selected projects pass 

a week-long training on 

project management. 

Youth will conduct 

training on project 

management, basics 

of financial literacy, 

marketing, project 

risks account, analysis 

of actual indexes and 

correcting during the 

course of work

Step 1.

Coordination Agency 

announces a project 

implementation contest 

Step 3: Filing 

of application

Step 2. Option 1

Young people having the 

project idea may appeal to the 

youth organization

Step 2. Option 2

Youth groups unites for the 

project implementation

Youth organization/

youth group file 

an application for 

participation in the 

contest

Youth groups

Step 4. 

Selection

Step 5.

Initial training

Step 6. 

Mentoring

Step 7.

Final week-long 

training

ACCOUNTABILITY:

F

irst component implementation mechanism

• 

work with vulnerable groups of young people (at 
least 60% of young beneficiaries are vulnerable 
young people);

• 

co-ordination, information exchange and ac-
countability.

The second component will carry out the following 

activities: conducting a study on the work mechanisms 
with NEET category young people; contribution to volun-
teerism among young people, including the development 
of a strategy for volunteering in Kazakhstan, as well as 
the funding of activities aimed at capacity professionals 
potential development in the field of youth outreach.

In order to implement the third component the 

Project Management Group (PMG) was created, whose 
task is to manage the fiduciary aspects of the project, 
ensuring the Project monitoring and consultants eval-
uation, managed by the Coordinating Agency of the 
selection process, which is planned to be completed 
by the end of 2016.

Project sustainability will be ensured by encouraging 

and supporting the youth participation in all stages of 
the project implementation. The concept  «for youth by 
youth» plays a vital role in ensuring the project sustain-
ability, since it is expected that young people will continue 

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implementing their own initiatives launched in the con-
text of the Project.

* * *

Today, according to statistic data, such activities as 

the wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles 
and motorcycles (16%), agriculture, forestry and fishing 

(15.5%), industry (11.2%), as well as the sphere of edu-
cation (10.6%) are the activities where young people are 

presented the most.

The youth unemployment rate in the country amount-

ed to 4.2%, which is lower by 0.3% compared with the 
same period of 2015 (totaled to 4.5%). In the quantitative 
value of the number of unemployed youth amounted to 
95.6 thousand people in the second quarter of 2016.

Youth (RK citizens up to 29 years), are very little repre-

sented in the state administration. Kazakhstan has 91 330 
civil servants, and only 10 548 employees are of younger 
generation, accounting 11.5%. Provided that, only 2 peo-
ple from the young generation was represented in the 
Reserve  «A» (political state employees), other 10 546 
people are listed in the Reserve  «B» (administrative state 
employees). From 2013 to 2016 the proportion of young 
people among civil servants has reduced more than 
doubled, from 21 946 people to 10 546 people* [*Data 
of the Ministry of Civil Service Affairs of the Republic of 
Kazakhstan].

Young people are actively involved in the implementa-

tion of several projects  «Zhassyl El»,  «With diploma - to 
the village!»,  «Mangilik el zhastary — industriyaga» and  

«Youth personnel reserve» aimed at employment growth, 

socialization, professional growth, participation in social 
and economic development of the country .

One of the most common problems among young 

people is housing question. Most often the problem is 
faced by young families. The most popular type of state 
support for young people is a provision of housing.

REFERENCES:

1.  Программа «Жасыл Ел» реализуется в пол-

ном объеме - глава Комитета лесного 

и 

охотничьего 

хозяйства 

МСХ  РК 

Е.Нысанбаев 

/ http://www.kazinform.kz/kz/

programma-zhasyl-el-realizuetsya-v-polnom-
ob-eme- glava-komiteta-lesnogo-i-ohotnich-
ego-hozyaystva-msh-rk-e- nysanbaev_a2306740

2.  Молодежный кадровый резерв /http://rezerv.

kz/ru/about/info/

3.  Национальный доклад о состоянии и разви-

тии системы образования Республики Казах-
стан, 2015год

4.  http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/K1200002012/links

5.  h t t p : / / e g o v . k z / w p s / p o r t a l /

Content?contentPath=/egovcontent/house/

buy_sell_ren t/article/molodaya_semya&lang=ru

6.  http://otyrar.kz/2014/10/kak-poluchit-zhile-po-

programme-molodaya-semya/

7.  http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1100000316

Young people 

in social and political 

processes

CHAPTER 7