Национальный доклад «Молодежь Казахстана – 2018» - часть 20

 

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Национальный доклад «Молодежь Казахстана – 2018» - часть 20

 

 

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• “Structured Dialogue” is based on working cycles 

of 18 months in length and is set for this period by a 

common theme corresponding to European cooperation 

priorities. Each EU Presidency can also choose a specific 

topic related to a common theme as a priority for the time 

of its presidency. The topic is approved by the EU Council 

of Ministers for Youth Affairs;

• The “Structured Dialogue” should include 

consultations with young people and youth organizations 

at the level of the Member States, at EU youth conferences 

organized by the Presidency of the European Union, as 

well as during the European Youth Week.

The success of the project depends on the direct 

participation of youth and youth organizations. During 

each 18-month project cycle, in all EU countries at 

the national level consultations of youth and youth 

organizations are held. In each country, national working 

groups are organized to participate in the project, which 

includes:

• representatives of ministries of youth affairs

• national youth councils

• local and regional youth councils

• youth organizations

• youth workers

• young people from all walks of life

• sociologists, psychologists and other researchers 

in the field of youth

 

“Youth in Action Programme”

11

The Youth in Action Program aims to provide 

opportunities for young people aged 13 to 30 years 

to gain non-formal learning experience in the context 

of European diversity.

11 

http://ec.europa.eu/youth/tools/youth-in-action_en.htm

Until 2014, the program was the main instrument 

in the implementation of EU policies. It took into 

account the key priorities of youth policy in Europe: 

European citizenship, youth participation, cultural 

diversity, and the involvement of young people with 

disabilities.

The implementation of the program was designed 

for 2007-2013. and was based on the principles of 

the previous program “Youth” 2000-2006. In 2014, 

the Youth in Action program and six other youth 

policy programs were combined into the Erasmus + 

program, which is designed for 2014–2020.

The goal of the program is to promote the ideas 

of European solidarity and citizenship among young 

people and their inclusion in building the future 

community of Europe. One of the priorities of the 

Youth in Action Program is the inclusion in the 

projects of the program young people with special 

needs (for example, those who live in regions with 

insufficient cultural, geographical, socio-economic 

conditions or have limited health opportunities). 

The program is aimed at the so-called “program 

countries”, which include 27 EU member states, 3 

countries of the European Economic Area (Iceland, 

Norway, and Liechtenstein) and a candidate country 

for accession to the European Union (Turkey).

The program “Youth in Action” also supports 

cooperation with countries of Eastern Europe and 

the Caucasus (EECA): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, 

Georgia, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine.

Objectives of the program cooperation with 

the countries of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus 

(EECA):

• To contribute to the strengthening of world 

peace through the support of dialogue, tolerance, 

and solidarity among young people;

• Building long-term and stable cooperation;

• Exchange of experience in youth work and know-

how between non-state and state structures in the EU 

and EECA countries;

• Development of the volunteer sector and civil 

society in the EECA region. 

The European Youth Forum (EYF)

The European Youth Forum (EYF) is the platform 

of national youth councils and international youth 

referral organizations in Europe, which has been 

operating since 1996.

The EYF unites 41 national youth councils and 63 

international youth non-governmental organizations, 

a total of 104 organizations from all over Europe.

Mission: the forum is working to give young people 

the opportunity to actively participate in society, to 

improve their own lives, representing and defending 

Opportunity - 48.91 

• Freedom of assembly/association - 38.68
• Freedom of expression - 25.00
• Political rights - 12.5
• Private property rights - 30.00
• Young members of parliament - 0.00
• Youth confidence in police - 52.05    

Personal Freedom and Choice - 54.49

 

• Corruption - 11.25
• Early marriage - 90.91 
• Freedom of religion - 0.00
• Satisfied demand for contraception - 67.47
• Youth perception of corruption - 51.00 

Inclusion - 57.06  

• Discrimination and violence against minoriti - 30.00
• Religious tolerance - 100
• Youth openness towards homosexuals - 9

Access to Advanced Education -  66.03

• Inequality in the attainment of education - 87.50
• Tertiary enrollment rate - 46.04
• Years of tertiary schooling - 44.42

Opportunities

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their needs and interests and the interests of their 

organizations.

Goals:

• Increase the participation of youth and youth 

organizations in society, as well as in decision-

making processes;

• Positively influence political issues affecting 

youth and youth organizations, being a recognized 

partner for international institutions, namely the 

European Union, the Council of Europe and the United 

Nations;

• Promote youth participation in independent 

youth organizations at the national and international 

levels, addressing issues of ensuring reliable and 

adequate funding for them;

• Promote the exchange of ideas and experiences, 

mutual understanding, equal rights and opportunities 

among young people in Europe;

• Support intercultural interaction, democracy, 

respect, diversity, human rights, active citizenship, 

and solidarity;

• Contribute to the development of youth work in 

other regions of the world.

An analysis of the experience of leading foreign 

countries shows that the specificity of youth policy 

development in these countries lies in a large number 

of point directions, a developed network of youth 

organizations, the presence of diverse state and 

local youth support programs (training, retraining, 

employment, vocational guidance, re-socialization, youth 

involvement in social life, encouraging volunteering).

Based on the presented international experience 

in the implementation of youth policy, the following 

recommendations may be highlighted:

- To study the main indicators of the Youth Progress 

Index and present a plan for improving the position of

Kazakhstan in this ranking.

- The effectiveness of the implementation of youth

policy in foreign countries largely depends on the

professional training of personnel for working with

young people. At present, in the Classifier of specialties

and professions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, there is

no such specialty as “Specialist in work with youth”. The

opening of such specialties and departments will allow

preparing professional personnel for work with young

people.

A large number of government programs and youth

support projects are being implemented in Kazakhstan.

We recommend examining the effectiveness of the

implementation of these programs, which will determine

their strengths and weaknesses and continue to conduct

more targeted (targeted) work with different categories

of young people (as is practiced in foreign countries).

- Interesting is the experience of the activities of youth

organizations in Japan (the Japanese Youth Chamber),

which is regulated by the state on the one hand and is

quite diverse and structured on the other.

- Taking into account the attention of the state to

socially vulnerable categories of young people and the

adoption of the NEET Roadmap for Employment and

Socialization of Youth in the Republic of Kazakhstan,

the experience of the Austrian Republic in “preventive

measures” of working with young people who fall into

the risk category can be useful.

- Considering the reorganization of the structure

of the Ministry of Social Development of the Republic

of Kazakhstan, we consider it appropriate to study the

activities of the Ministry of Gender Equality and the

Family of the Republic of Korea.

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3

3.1.

  Socially – important diseases

 

influence to health of youth  

3.2.

  Healthy lifestyle and recreational

 

activities among young people  

3.3.

  Suicide and its

 

prevention among

 

young people

3.4.

 Leisure of young people 

HEALTH AND LEISURE

OF YOUNG GENERATION

CHAPTER 3

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3.1. SOCIALLY – IMPORTANT DISEASES 

INFLUENCE TO HEALTH OF YOUTH 

The urgency of the problem of the health of the 

young generation is undeniable. Poor health condition 

dramatically reduces the quality of life, affects the 

ability of a person to actively participate in society. 

An effective health care system is one of the criteria 

for a developed society. Health status is an important 

component in assessing human development from 

the point of view of young people. This is due to 

the following reasons. Firstly, young people have a 

special profile of diseases that are better and easier 

to prevent by increasing their awareness. Secondly, 

the state of health of young people largely determines 

the quality of their future life. From this point of view, 

it is necessary to take into account the state of health 

of young people, since lifestyle, bad habits (smoking, 

use of alcohol, drugs) have a strong impact on human 

health in middle and older age.

Socially significant diseases

 are diseases caused 

mainly by socio-economic conditions that are 

detrimental to society and require social protection 

of a person.

Tuberculosis incidence

According to the data presented in the report 

of the Global Competitiveness Index of the World 

Economic Forum for 2017-2018, the Republic of 

Kazakhstan, according to the factor “Prevalence 

of tuberculosis” (“Tuberculosis incidence”), by the 

end of 2017 improved its position by 2 positions 

compared to 2016 (92 from 137 countries) and 

ranked 90th [1]. 

Table 3.1 

 

THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS 
WITH THE FIRST-EVER ESTABLISHED DIAGNOSIS 
AT THE AGE OF 15-29 YEARS, PEOPLE, 
2016-2017 

According to the MSHD RK

2016 year

3 310

138
246
330
212
140
208
194
150
218
176
384
129
103
194
248
240

2017 year

2 685

112
204
241
179
102
152
144
133
169
132
400

87
93

153
192
192

Regions

 

Republic of Kazakhstan
Akmola region 
Aktobe region
Almaty region
Atyrau region
West Kazakhstan region
Zhambyl region
Karaganda region
Kostanay region
Kyzylorda region
Mangystau region
South Kazakhstan region
Pavlodar region
North Kazakhstan region
East Kazakhstan region
Astana city
Almaty city 

The Republic of Kazakhstan

Akmola region 

Aktobe region

Almaty region 

Atyrau region 

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region 

Karaganda region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region 

Mangystau region 

South Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region 

North Kazakhstan region

East Kazakhstan region

Astana city

Almata city 

Figure 3.1

 

THE NUMBER OF CASES OF TUBERCULOSIS
(15-29 YEARS) PER 100 000 POPULATION
OF THE CORRESPONDING AGE

According to the MSHD RK

74,8

76,1

106,8

63,1

137,0

81,4

70,8

54,9

76,0

104,7

102,7

69,2

61,3

85,8

58,1

103,3

48,6 

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According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic 

of Kazakhstan, the total number of patients with the 

first-ever diagnosis (tuberculosis), aged 15-29 years 

in 2017, was 2,685 people. Of these, 1,350 men and 

1,335 women.

In 2017, there is a decrease in the number of 

patients, with the first-ever diagnosis (tuberculosis), 

at the age of 15-29 years, compared with 2016. In 

all regions in this indicator falls in the rate, with the 

exception of the South Kazakhstan region (tab. 3.1). 

The picture of the incidence of tuberculosis 

among young people is more informative when 

calculating the indicator per 100,000 population of 

the corresponding age (fig. 3.1).

According to the indicator “the number of people 

with tuberculosis per 100,000 population of the 

corresponding age” at the end of 2017, the most 

difficult situation in the following regions: Atyrau 

(137), Aktobe (106.8), Kyzylorda (104.7), Mangystau 

(102.7) regions and Astana (103.3).

A more favorable situation with the incidence 

of tuberculosis among young people in 2017 was 

in Almaty (48.6), East Kazakhstan (58.1), Pavlodar 

(61.3), Almaty (63.1), South Kazakhstan (69,2) areas.

Malignant neoplasms

The number of cases of malignant neoplasms 

among the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan 

at the age of 15–29 years old with the first diagnosis 

in 2017 was 692 people.

In 2017, there is a decrease in the number of cases 

of malignant neoplasms (with a first-time diagnosis) 

at the age of 15-29 years, compared with 2016, by 53 

cases (fig. 3.2).

Among women with oncopathology, young women 

predominate (62.3 %) (fig. 3.3).

On average in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the 

incidence of malignant neoplasms (with a first-

time diagnosis) among young people is 17.3 cases 

per 100,000 population of the corresponding 

age. Analysis of the incidence of cancer in young 

people in a regional context shows that the most 

unfavorable situation in Astana (49 cases). Regions 

in which the incidence of oncological diseases 

among young people is higher than the national 

average: Karaganda region (20.1 cases), Zhambyl 

region (20 cases) (fig. 3.4).

Substance use and alcoholism

 

The total number of young people aged 15 - 29 

years, with mental disorders and behavioral disorders, 

due to the use of psychoactive substances, in 2017 

amounted to 4,256 people.

Most young people in this category live in the East 

Kazakhstan region (1 168), the city of Astana (608), 

the Zhambyl region (303), and the Kyzylorda region 

(296) (fig. 3.5).

The problem of alcohol consumption by 

adolescents and young people is very relevant for 

modern society, as it has a significant impact on the 

health of the young generation, life expectancy, work 

capacity, etc. Long-term and frequent use of alcohol 

can lead to alcoholism. Alcoholism is a chronic 

disease that develops as a result of prolonged alcohol 

abuse and is characterized by mental and physical 

dependence on alcohol, leading to impaired mental 

and physical health, as well as social maladjustment

In the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2017, the number 

of newly diagnosed alcoholism among the population 

aged 18-29 years was 2,193 cases. In the regional 

context, the highest number of cases of alcoholism 

among young people per 100 thousand population 

(18-29 years) was recorded in East Kazakhstan 

(305.3), Kyzylorda (169.3) regions and Astana (110) 

(fig. 3.6). 

15-17 age

18-23 age

24-29 age

Figure 3.2

INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS AMONG
THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC
OF KAZAKHSTAN AT THE AGE OF 15 – 29 YEARS
OLD WITH THE FIRST DIAGNOSIS, PERS

According to the MSHD RK

2016 year

2017 year

Total:

745

692

46              

   4

25

         

     

     

     

  2

74

2016

year

54              3

33

       

       

     

     

   3

05

2017

year

Men                       Women

Figure 3.3

INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS
OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC
OF KAZAKHSTAN AT THE AGE OF 15 - 29 

YEARS WITH THE FIRST ESTABLISHED

DIAGNOSIS, GENDER PROFILE, 2017, PEOPLE

According to the MSHD RK

431

261

2017

year

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Mental illness

The total number of patients with the first-ever 

established diagnosis of mental and behavioral 

disorders, at the age of 15 - 29 years in 2017 was 1,550 

people, of which 957 men, 593 women.

Figure 3.4

 

INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS
OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC
OF KAZAKHSTAN AT THE AGE OF 15-29 YEARS
BY REGION, 2017 

According to the MSHD RK

22

86

19

59

29

41

16

68

28

22

25

26

27

48

58

118

12

12,4

13,8

14,2

14,6

15,1

15,2

15

15,7

15,8

16,9

17,2

18,2

20

20,1

49

The number of cases per 100 thousand
Number of cancer patients

Kostanay region 

South Kazakhstan region 

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

East Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

Almaty city

Kyzylorda region

West Kazakhstan region

Mangystau region

Akmola region

Pavlodar region 

Zhambyl region 

Karaganda region

Astana city

Atyrau region

Almaty city

Akmola region

Karaganda region

Almaty region

Mangystau region

Pavlodar region

North Kazakhstan region

Aktobe region

South Kazakhstan region 

West Kazakhstan region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Zhambyl region

East Kazakhstan region

Astana city

Figure 3.5

 

INCIDENCE OF MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL
DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE
OF PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES
OF THE POPULATION AGED 15-29 YEARS, 2017

According to the MSHD RK

73

81

88

123

139

140

144

166

198

209

231

262

296

330

608

1168 

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The youth of the older age cohort (25 - 29 years 

old) is the most numerous subgroup in terms of the 

number of mental and behavioral disorders among 

young people in general (fig. 3.7).

In 2017, the largest number of young people

suffering from mental and behavioral disorders

at the age of 15 - 29 years old were registered in

the  following  regions:  South  Kazakhstan  (254),

Karaganda (160), Aktyubinsk (146), Kostanay (142)

regions (fig. 7).

In 2017, the incidence of young people suffering

from mental and behavioral disorders, aged 15 - 29

years, in the republic was 41.2 cases per 100,000

population of the corresponding age. This indicator

is almost twice as high as the average in the republic

in Kostanay region (81.1). In the following regions,

the share of this category of youth is above average:

Aktobe (77.5), Pavlodar (59.2), Karaganda (58.2),

North  Kazakhstan  (52.3),  Atyrau  (44.6)  regions,

Astana (49.3) (fig. 3.8).

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

According to WHO, more than 2 million teenagers

in the world are living with HIV. One of the objectives

of the Sustainable Development Goal is to end the

epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, neglected

tropical diseases, hepatitis, water-borne diseases

and other infectious diseases by 2030. In the high

incidence of disease, in order to achieve this goal, to

combat these diseases it is necessary that teenagers

were at the efforts center [2].

The number of youth of the Republic of Kazakhstan

at the age of 15 - 29 years, registered at DGCC AIDS in

2017 amounted to 2,542 people. Compared to 2016,

there is a decrease in the number of young people

registered at the GC AIDS center (fig. 3.9).

In  2017,  in  the  regional  context,  the  highest

number of young people registered for the AIDS

center in East Kazakhstan (364), Karaganda regions

(337), Almaty (354).

The  increase  in  the  number  of  young  people

registered at DGC of AIDS, compared with 2016, is

observed in the following regions: Akmola (from 69

people to 75 people), Aktyubinsk (from 42 people

Almaty city

Mangystau region

Atyrau region

South Kazakhstan region 

Almaty region

Karaganda region

Akmola region

Pavlodar region

The Republic of Kazakhstan

Aktobe region

Zhambyl region

Kostanay region

East Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

Astana city

Kyzylorda region

West Kazakhstan region

Figure 3.6

 

INCIDENCE OF MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL
DISORDERS DUE TO ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
IN THE POPULATION AGED 18-29 YEARS, 2017

According to the MSHD RK

6,8

12,8

17,1

17,3

19,2

27,2

36,1

46,3

63,9

69,1

72,3

76,4

87,1

81,3

110

169,3

305,3 

15-19 age

20-24 age

25-29 age

Figure 3.7

INCIDENCE OF MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL
DISORDERS OF THE POPULATION IN THE REPUBLIC
OF KAZAKHSTAN AGED 15 - 29 YEARS, 2017

According to the MSHD RK 

370

      

      

  543

     

     

     

    

63

7

2017

year

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

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F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

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314

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«Youth of Kazakhstan – 2018»

CH

APTE

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to 47 people), Atyrau (from 31 people to 38 people), 

North Kazakhstan (from 136 people to 161 people), 

South Kazakhstan (from 208 people to 217 people) 

regions, Almaty (from 345 people to 354 people ) (tab.

3.2).

Early pregnancy and abortion among minors

One  of  the  social  problems  affecting  the

reproductive health of young people is early pregnancy

and abortion. The lower the age of adolescents,

the greater area of risk to health provided by early

pregnancy.

According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic

of Kazakhstan, in 2017 there were 1,286 abortions

among minors aged 15-18 years (fig. 3.11).

Almaty city

Almaty region

West Kazakhstan region

Akmola region

Kyzylorda region

Zhambyl region

East Kazakhstan region

South Kazakhstan region 

Mangystau region

The Republic of Kazakhstan

Atyrau region

Astana city

North Kazakhstan region

Karaganda region

Pavlodar region

Aktobe region

Kostanay region

Figure 3.8

 

THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITH MENTAL
AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS PER 100 000
POPULATION OF THE CORRESPONDING AGE
(15 - 29 YEARS OLD),
REGIONAL PROFILE, 2017

According to the MSHD RK

14,2

25,3

27,1

32,8

36,2

38

38,9

39

40,5

41,2

44,6

49,3

52,3

58,2

59,2

77,5

81,1 

Figure 3.9

POPULATION 15-29 YEARS OLD, REGISTERED
AT DGCC AIDS, 2016-2017, PEOPLE

Source:  RSC AIDS

2016 year

2017 year

Total:

2 542

2 586

            

 1 5

01

         

     

     

     

  1

 0

85

2016

year

        

   1

 40

6       

     

     

     

   1

 1

36

2017

year

Men                      Women

Table 3.2 

 

NUMBER OF YOUNG PEOPLE (15-29 YEARS OLD) 
REGISTERED AT GCC AIDS, 2016-2017 

Source:  RSC AIDS 

2016 year

69
42

304

31

400

74
60

365
170

19
24

186
136
208
345
153

2 586

2017 year

75
47

290

38

364

71
54

337
135

18
28

166
161
217
354
187

2 542

Region

 

Akmola region
Aktobe region
Almaty region
Atyrau region
East Kazakhstan region
Zhambyl region 
West Kazakhstan region
Karaganda region
Kostanay region
Kyzylorda region
Mangystau region
Pavlodar region
North Kazakhstan region
South Kazakhstan region
Almaty city 
Astana city

TOTAL

 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

315

CH

APTE

R 3

In 2017, 3,443 cases of early pregnancy (15-18 

years) were recorded in the Republic of Kazakhstan 

(fig. 3.12).

In the prevention and treatment of socially 

significant diseases of young people, the role of youth 

health centers is important. According to the Ministry 

of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 96 centers 

of health functioning in the Republic, which operates 

on the basis of city and district primary health care 

organizations; regional and district centers for the 

healthy lifestyle (tab. 3.3).

The total number of persons who applied to the 

health centers for 2017 was 603,494 people, of which 

245,715 were males and 357,779 females.

Thus, based on the analysis of statistical data, 

Pavlodar region

Zhambyl region

Kostanay region

South Kazakhstan region 

Karaganda region

Almaty city

Almaty region

The Republic of Kazakhstan

Akmola region

East Kazakhstan region

West Kazakhstan region

North Kazakhstan region

Mangystau region

Astana city

Aktobe region

Atyrau region

Kyzylorda region

Figure 3.10

 

THE PROPORTION OF YOUNG PEOPLE AGED
15–29 YEARS OF THE TOTAL NUMBER
OF PLHIV, 2017

Source: RSC AIDS 

10,9

11,3

11,5

12,7

12,9

13,4

13,7

14,1

14,9

15,3

17,1

18,4

20,5

21,1

21,9

23,3

24,3

Kyzylorda region

West Kazakhstan region

Aktobe region

Astana city

Mangystau region

North Kazakhstan region

Almaty city

Zhambyl region

Pavlodar region

Kostanay region

Akmola region

East Kazakhstan region

Almaty region

Karaganda region

South Kazakhstan region

Figure 3.11

 

NUMBER OF ABORTIONS AMONG MINORS
AGED 15-18 YEARS, 2017

Source: MH RK 

32

38

43

54

57

62

69

70

75

79

81

103

130

155

196

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

316

National report 

«Youth of Kazakhstan – 2018»

CH

APTE

R 3

the main problem aspects of the health of the young

generation  of  the  Republic  of  Kazakhstan  were

identified.

Despite  the  decline  in  the  total  number  of

patients with the first-ever established diagnosis

(tuberculosis) at the age of 15-29 years, in some

regions  the  situation  in  this  area  is  difficult.  In

Atyrau region, the indicator “the number of cases of

tuberculosis per 100 thousand of the population of

a corresponding age” at the end of 2017 is 1.8 times

higher than the national average. In Aktobe, Kyzylorda,

Mangystau regions and Astana this indicator is 1.4 

times higher than the national average.

The most unfavorable situation with the incidence 

of young people with malignant neoplasms in 2017 

was in Astana, Karaganda, and Zhambyl regions.

In 2017, as compared with 2016, the total 

number of young people registered at RSC AIDS has 

decreased.

At the end of 2017, the largest number of young 

people registered at the RSC AIDS centers in East 

Kazakhstan (364), Karaganda region (337), Almaty 

(354).

The largest share of infected HIV youth in the total 

number of PLHIV in 2017 registered in the Kyzylorda 

and Atyrau regions.

The greatest number of alcoholism among the 

youth aged 15-29 years recorded in the following 

regions: East Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda regions and 

Astana city.

It is necessary to pay attention to the problem 

of early pregnancy and abortion among minors. At 

the end of 2017, the most difficult situation in the 

following regions: South Kazakhstan, Karaganda 

regions and Almaty city.

3.2. HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AND 

RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES AMONG YOUNG 

PEOPLE

Aktobe region

West Kazahstan region

Pavlodar region

North Kazakhstan region

Akmola region

Mangystau region

Atyrau region

Almaty city

Kostanay region

East Kazakhstan region

Karaganda region

Kyzylorda region

Astana city

Almaty region

South Kazakhstan region 

Figure 3.12

 

NUMBER OF CASES OF EARLY PREGNANCY
(15-18 YEARS), 2017

Source: Statistic of Committee of the MNE RK

40

44

61

67

97

128

135

173

177

201

234

245

324

672

843

2

 

Zhambyl region

Table 3.3 

 

NUMBER OF YHC IN THE REPUBLIC OF 
KAZAKHSTAN IN THE 1ST HALF OF 2018 

Source: MH RK 

Number of YHC

1

14

0
7
5

14

4
8
8
4
7
1
1
1
1

12

8

96

Regions

Akmola region
Aktobe region
Almaty region
Atyrau region
East Kazakhstan region
Zhambyl region
West Kazakhstan region
Karaganda region
Kyzylorda region
Kostanay region
Mangystau region
Pavlodar region
North Kazakhstan region
Turkestan region
Shymkent city 
Astana city
Almaty city

TOTAL

 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

317

CH

APTE

R 3

Healthy lifestyle and sports and recreational work

among young people are directly related to the future

development of Kazakhstan. One of the tasks of the

State is to prepare young people to take personal

responsibility for their own health and to promote

the popularization of a healthy lifestyle.

In today’s world, young people face various health

threats. For example, the risk of infectious, parasitic

diseases, excessive and improper use of technology,

an unhealthy environment all threaten the physical

and mental health of young people.

Playing  sports  is  one  of  the  most  important

mechanisms  for  improving  the  health  of  young

people. Periodic sports bring up young people and

inspire them to lead a healthy lifestyle, as well as

affect the improvement of the physical, emotional

and psychological health of young people.

According to the data of the Ministry of Culture

and Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter

referred to as MKS RK), from 2015 to 2017, in most

regions of the country, there is a tendency to increase

in the number of young people involved in sports (fig.

3.13).

A decrease in the number of young people involved

in sports was recorded in Karaganda (from 226,138

people to 155,633 people), East Kazakhstan (from

263,766 people to 233,565 people), Aktobe (from

154,273 people to 96,501 people), Pavlodar (from

124,325 people to 82,007 people), Akmolinskaya

(from  103,137  people  to  76,940  people),  North

Kazakhstan (from 88,490 people to 51,168 people)

and  Mangystau  (from  88,095  people  to  64,008

people) areas.

A significant increase in the number of young

people  involved  in  sports  observed  in  South

Kazakhstan (from 175,692 people to 427,808 people),

Almaty (from 172,711 people to 369,015 people) and

Kyzylorda (from 154,931 people to 242,968 people)

areas.

According to the MCS RK, the number of young

people who regularly play sports in 2017 amounted

to more than two and a half million people − 63.6 %

of the total number of young people aged 14 to 29

years (tab. 3.4).

According to the MCS RK, the most young people

involved  in  sports  live  in  the  following  regions:

Almaty city (88.3 %), East Kazakhstan (84.2 %) and

Kostanay (77.8 %) regions. The lowest percentage of

young people involved in sports observed in Aktobe

(48.6 %), North Kazakhstan (47.6 %) and Mangystau

(43.3 %) regions (fig. 3.14).

In the period from 2015 to 2017 in all regions of the

country there is a tendency to increase the number of

young people practicing national sports.

During this period, in Aktobe, Mangystau regions

Almaty city

Astana city

South Kazakhstan region 

North Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangystau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

East Kazakhstan region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Figure 3.13

 

NUMBER OF YOUNG PEOPLE (14-28 YEARS OLD)
ENGAGED IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS,
BY REGION (2015-2017)

Source: MCS RK

154 931

104 652

175 692

88 490

124 325

88 095

117 666

55 130

226 138

52 977

90 375

263 766

62 910

172 711

154 273

103 137

253 261

148 454

427 808

51 168

82 007

64 008

143 962

101 638

155 633

100 886

140 916

233 565

92 776

369 015

96 501

76 940

242 968

106 395

346 323

44 588

75 402

52 694

143 274

82 370

144 162

91 089

106 776

215 831

74 958

309 661

72 911

67 752

2015 year

2016 year

2017 year

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H

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ISURE

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F Y

O

UNG

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NE

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N

318

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«Youth of Kazakhstan – 2018»

CH

APTE

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and Almaty, the number of young people involved in 

national sports has more than doubled. The smallest 

growth is observed in Karaganda, Atyrau and Almaty 

regions (fig. 3.16).

At the end of 2017, 459 youth sports schools were 

functioning in the Republic, in which 320,989 students 

enrolled. The largest number of sports schools 

registered in South Kazakhstan (78) and Karaganda 

(40) regions. The number of young people studying 

in these schools prevails in the South Kazakhstan 

(56,303 people) and Almaty (28,935 people) regions 

(tab. 3.5).

The importance of creating a healthy lifestyle 

Almaty region

East Kazakhstan region

Kostanay region

West Kazakhstan region

Atyrau region

Astana city

South Kazakhstan region 

Almaty city

Zhambyl region

Kyzylorda region

Pavlodar region

Karaganda region

Akmola region

Aktobe region

North Kazakhstan region

Mangystau region

Figure 3.14

 

RATING OF REGIONS BY % OF YOUNG PEOPLE,
WHO PERIODICALLY PLAY SPORTS,
OF THE TOTAL NUMBER OF YOUNG PEOPLE,
2017

Source: MCS RK

88,3

84,2

81,4

71,8

68,5

66,3

61,0  

57,9

57,3

56,3

54,5

53,4

50,4

48,6

47,6

43,3

Almaty city

Astana city

South Kazakhstan region 

North Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangystau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

East Kazakhstan region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Figure 3.15

 

THE NUMBER OF YOUNG PEOPLE WITH
DISABILITIES WHO ARE SYSTEMATICALLY
ENGAGED IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS,
BY REGION, 2017

Source: MCS RK 

1470

1092

939

890

602

549

481

456

289

283

258

119

109

63

58

34

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

319

CH

APTE

R 3

and sports in the life of young people cannot be 

overestimated. An important step in the health 

promotion among youth is preventive measures, 

physical activity, and sports. Government bodies, 

educational institutions need to maintain and develop 

the emerging trend of increasing the number of young 

people involved in sports.

Because young people are a relatively healthy 

segment of the population, often poor health is a 

consequence of the consequences of accidents, 

injuries, violence, substance abuse, HIV / AIDS and 

tuberculosis. In order to avoid these problems, the 

task of the state to create a system to support a 

healthy lifestyle that promotes the health of young 

people.

3.3. SUICIDE AND ITS PREVENTION AMONG 

YOUNG PEOPLE 

According  to  the  World  Health  Organization 

(hereinafter − WHO) (WHO Global Suicide Report, 

2014), in 2012, by the number of suicides among the 

age group 5-14 years (3.0 per 100 thousand of the 

relevant population), Kazakhstan ranked 9th in the 

world and on the 4th in the age range of 15-29 years 

− 30.8 per 100 thousand of the relevant population. 

The top ten countries in the number of suicides also 

include Russia (27.3 per 100 thousand population in 

the age group from 15 to 29 years), Lithuania (26.8 

per 100 thousand population in the age group from 

15 to 29 years).

According to the Committee on Legal Statistics 

and Special Accounts of the General’s Office of the 

Republic of Kazakhstan (CLS&SA of the PGO RK), 

2017 characterized by a decrease in suicide rates 

among the entire population of the republic. Thus, 

the average national indicator in 2016 was 22.0 per 

100 thousand population, in 2017 − 19.9. The highest 

rates are found in Akmola (41.7), East Kazakhstan 

(35.6), Kostanay (35.2) regions.

The data presented in Figure 3.17 demonstrate a 

decrease in the number of suicides among persons 

aged 14-28 years from 2015 to 2017.

So, in 2015, among the population of the Republic 

of Kazakhstan at the age of 14-28 years, 970 cases of 

suicide were recorded. In 2016, this figure fell to 899 

(- 7.3 %). In 2017, the indicator decreased slightly and 

amounted to 818 cases of suicide, which is 9 % less 

than in 2016 and 15.7 % in 2015. 

According to the CLS&SA of the PGO RK in the 

country, the number of suicidal attempts among 

young people is decreasingIn 2015, the number 

of suicidal attempts amounted to 2,642 cases. In 

2016, persons aged 14-28 years old had absolutely 

2,416 suicidal attempts, which is 8.6 % less than in 

the previous year. For the period of 2017, that rate 

Source: MCS RK 

3 995 896

152 538
198 482
418 074
137 752
277 473
140 413
245 934
291 441
185 077
180 394
147 728
150 350
107 497
700 905
224 069
437 769

2 538 538

76 940
96 501

369 015

92 776

233 565
100 886
140 916
155 633
143 962
101 638

64 008
82 007
51 168

427 808
148 454
253 261

% of young people who are systematically 

involved in sports, of the total number 

of young people (14-28 years old)

Youth

(14 - 28 years old),

systematically involved in sports

Youth

(14 - 28 years old),

people

Regions

63,6

50,4
48,6
88,3
67,4
84,2
71,8
57,3
53,4
77,8
56,3
43,3
54,5
47,6

61

66,3
57,9

Republic of Kazakhstan 

Akmola region 
Aktobe region
Almaty region
Atyrau region
East Kazakhstan region
West Kazakhstan region
Zhambyl region
Karaganda region
Kostanay region
Kyzylorda region
Mangystau region
Pavlodar region
North Kazakhstan region
South Kazakhstan region
Astana city
Almaty city 

Table 3.4 

PERCENTAGE OF YOUNG PEOPLE WHO ARE SYSTEMATICALLY INVOLVED IN SPORTS, 
OF THE TOTAL NUMBER OF YOUNG PEOPLE, IN %, 2017 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

320

National report 

«Youth of Kazakhstan – 2018»

CH

APTE

R 3

has fallen on 40.6 % in comparison with 2016 (1,434 

cases).

According to the data of the CLS&SA of the PGO 

RK, the death rate due to suicide is higher among 

young men than among young women. In Kazakhstan 

in 2017, 818 cases of suicide recorded among males 

Almaty city

Astana city

South Kazakhstan region 

North Kazakhstan region

Pavlodar region

Mangystau region

Kostanay region

Kyzylorda region

Karaganda region

West Kazakhstan region

Zhambyl region

East Kazakhstan region

Atyrau region

Almaty region

Aktobe region

Akmola region

Figure 3.16

 

THE NUMBER OF YOUNG PEOPLE PRACTICING
NATIONAL SPORTS, BY REGION, (2015-2017)

Source: MCS RK

2 027

1 600

47 410

6 593

12 129

4 460

8 498

14 669

42 032

10 496

8 475

30 020

9 417

46 210

8 971

12 779

5 178

3 160

69 651

7 934

13 346

12 659

11 018

15 975

42 065

15 545

13 173

34 397

10 387

47 778

24 009

17 028

2 244

1 666

51 855

7 800

12 345

5 260

9 348

14 845

42 045

10 534

9 928

30 150

9 768

46 566

9 902

13 979

2015 year

2016 year

2017 year

Source: MCS RK 

459

28
29
30
11
35
25
33
40
31
21
18
27
27
78
10
16

320 989

13 742
18 610
28 935
11 016
25 885
11 639
21 565
28 612
18 588
17 892
12 543
23 043
12 028
56 303

7 416

13 172

The number 

of young 

people 

involved 

in physical 

culture and s

ports in CYSS

Number 

of youth 

sports 

schools 

(CYSS)

Regions

The Republic of Kazakhstan 

Akmola region
Aktobe region
Almaty region 
Atyrau region
East Kazakhstan region
West Kazakhstan region
Zhambyl region
Karaganda rgion
Kostanay region
Kyzylorda region
Mangystau region
Pavlodar region
North Kazakhstan region
South Kazakhstan region
Astana city
Almaty city 

Table 3.5 

NUMBER OF YOUTH SPORTS SCHOOLS/NUMBER 
OF YOUNG PEOPLE INVOLVED IN PHYSICAL 
CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE CYSS

Figure 3.17

 

NUMBER OF COMMITTED SUICIDES AMONG YOUNG
PEOPLE (14-28 YEARS OLD) IN THE REPUBLIC
OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2015-2017 (UNIT)

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

393

818

899

970

of 2018

2017

2016

2015

6 month

year

year

year

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

321

CH

APTE

R 3

between the ages of 14 and 28 years old; this indicator

among females was 226 cases (fig. 3.19).

In the age category 15-17 years in 2017, 108

cases of completed suicide and 266 cases of suicidal

attempts registered. Compared to the same period in

2015, there was a decrease in the number of suicides

of minors by 36.6 % and suicidal attempts by 43.4 %

(in 2012, there were 155 suicides and 470 suicidal

attempts) (fig. 3.20).

The highest suicide rates among adolescents

aged  15-17  observed  in  Akmola  (45.4),  West

Kazakhstan (31.6), and Aktobe (26.9) regions. The

lowest in Kyzylorda (2.9), Mangystau (3.7), Almaty

(7.8) regions.

The highest rates of suicidal attempts among

minors 15-17 years old observed in Kostanay region

(87.7), East Kazakhstan region (67.5), Almaty city

(67.3), Pavlodar region (66.3), the lowest in Zhambyl

(10.4), Kyzylorda (11.8), Almaty (14.3) regions.

In the age category 15-17 years for 6 months of

2018, 54 cases of completed suicide and 126 cases

of suicidal attempts were registered. Compared to the

same period in 2017, the number of suicides remains

at  the  same  level,  while  the  number  of  suicidal

attempts decreased by 18.7 % (in 6 months of 2017

there were 54 suicides and 155 suicidal attempts).

The highest suicide rates among adolescents

aged  15-17  observed  in  Kostanay  (23.6),  North

Kazakhstan (20.2), Akmola (15.1) regions. The lowest

in Almaty (0), Zhambyl (2,1), Aktobe (3,4) regions and

Astana (3,4).

The highest rates of suicidal attempts among

minors aged 15-17 found in North Kazakhstan (50.5),

Pavlodar (41.5), Kostanay (33.7), East Kazakhstan

(33.7) regions (tab. 3.6).

2015 year
2016 year
2017 year
6 month of 2018

Figure 3.18

THE NUMBER OF SUICIDAL ATTEMPTS AMONG
YOUNG PEOPLE IN 2015-2017 AND 6 MONTHS
OF 2018 IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

809    

    2

64

2       

     

  24

16

    

    

  1

43

4

Figure 3.19

 

THE NUMBER OF SUICIDES AMONG MEN
AND WOMEN AGED 14 TO 28 YEARS FOR
THE YEARS 2015-2017 AND 6 MONTHS OF 2018

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

2015

2016

2017

6 month

year

year

year

of 2018

728

672

592

296

242

227

226

97

Men                      Women

Figure 3.20

 

THE NUMBER OF SUICIDES AMONG MINORS
AGED 15-17 YEARS, 2012-2017 (ABS. VALUES)

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

2012

155

212

128

136

111

98

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Figure 3.21

 

THE NUMBER OF SUICIDAL ATTEMPTS AMONG
MINORS AGED 15-17 YEARS, 2012-2017
(ABS. VALUES)

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

2012

470

483

419

381

299

266

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

H

EAL

TH

 AND

 LE

ISURE

 O

F Y

O

UNG

 GE

NE

RA

TIO

N

322

National report 

«Youth of Kazakhstan – 2018»

CH

APTE

R 3

In the age category 15-17 years, the number of 

suicides in the dynamics tends to decrease (by 28 % 

compared with 2015). For 6 months of 2015, 75 cases 

of suicide recorded, during the same period in 2018 

(for 6 months of 2018, 54 cases of suicide) (fig. 3.22).

Given the seriousness and relevance of this 

problem, there is a need to develop a program for the 

prevention of suicides.

Prior to the development of a suicide prevention 

program, the Republican Scientific and Practical 

Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Addiction, 

together with international organizations, conducted 

the following research studies:

1) «The study of the prevalence, root causes and 

risk factors, and protection in the field of suicide and 

suicidal attempts in the Republic of Kazakhstan.»This 

study carried out in accordance with a memorandum 

between the Ministry of Health of the Republic of 

Kazakhstan and the UNICEF Children’s Fund with the 

participation of international experts and national 

experts  of  the  National  Scientific  and  Practical 

Center of Scientific and Practical Medical Research 

and Education. Period: 2012-2013, regional coverage 

−  East  Kazakhstan,  Akmola,  West  Kazakhstan, 

Kostanay, Karaganda regions. Research consist of 

few components:

- Analysis of cases of completed suicide;

- Epidemiological monitoring of suicidal attempts 

- monitoring of suicidal attempts in the age group of 

12-29 years;

- Estimation of prevalence and risk factors, which 

included interviewing minors, assisting those at risk.

The results of this study were:

- identification of the root causes, short- and 

medium-term factors of protection and risk in suicidal 

behavior;

- piloting and identification of early and effective 

preventive measures and mechanisms for the 

prevention of suicides;

- recommendations for short-, medium- and long-

term measures and policies to reduce the level of 

suicidal behavior developed..

2) a joint study of the MHSD of the RK, UNFPA 

and  the  National  Commission  for  Women  and 

Family and Demographic Policy under the President 

of  the  Republic  of  Kazakhstan  (2013-2014) 

«Epidemiological study of suicides among children 

and adolescents in Kazakhstan» with the participation 

of international experts and national experts.

These studies revealed the characteristics 

of suicidal behavior among the minority of the 

Republic of Kazakhstan in the framework of the 

biopsychosocial model of causal factors. The 

main predictors of suicidal behavior and its trigger 

mechanisms, as well as measures to prevent suicidal 

behavior identified.

Including the formation of suicidal behavior 

depends on the interaction of biological (the 

presence of mental disorders, etc.), psychological 

(emotional, cognitive, behavioral reactions, etc.) and 

social factors (social environment, occupation, social 

status socioeconomic status, etc.). Thus, the suicidal 

process is dynamic. 

Were also studied the basic principles and best 

international practices of preventing suicide among 

Table 3.6 

THE NUMBER OF SUICIDES AMONG MINORS AGED 
15-17 YEARS FOR 6 MONTHS. 
2017 - 6 MONTHS 2018 

(per 100,000 population, appropriate age)

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

26,5
13,5

3,9
8,2

13,5

6,3

18,0

4,3

13,5

0,0
0,0

12,4

5,0
8,4
2,0
6,7

8,0

15,1

3,4
6,5
8,2
4,5
2,1
9,0
4,3

23,6
11,8

7,4

12,4
20,2

9,8
0,0
3,4

8,0

per 100,000

for 6 months 

2017

per 100,000

for 6 months 

2018

Incidence of suicide

Regions

Akmola region
Aktobe region
Almaty region
Atyrau region 
East Kazakhstan region
Zhambyl region
West Kazakhstan region
Karaganda region
Kostanay region
Kyzylorda region
Mangystau region
Pavlodar region
North Kazakhstan region
South Kazakhstan region
Almaty city
Astana city

The Republic of Kazakhstan 

Figure 3.22

 

THE NUMBER OF SUICIDES 15-17 YEARS
FOR 6 MONTHS. 2015 - 6 MONTHS 2018
(ABS. MEANINGS)

Source: CLS&SA of the PGO RK

6 month

of 2015

6 month

of 2016

6 month

of 2017

6 month

of 2018

75

60

54

54

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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