Problems
1169
8. At an intersection of hospital hallways, a convex mirror is
mounted high on a wall to help people avoid collisions.
The mirror has a radius of curvature of 0.550 m. Locate
and describe the image of a patient 10.0 m from the
mirror. Determine the magnification.
A spherical convex mirror has a radius of curvature
with a magnitude of 40.0 cm. Determine the position of
the virtual image and the magnification for object
distances of (a) 30.0 cm and (b) 60.0 cm. (c) Are the
images upright or inverted?
10. A large church has a niche in one wall. On the floor plan
it appears as a semicircular indentation of radius 2.50 m. A
worshiper stands on the center line of the niche, 2.00 m
out from its deepest point, and whispers a prayer. Where is
the sound concentrated after reflection from the back wall
of the niche?
A concave mirror has a radius of curvature of 60.0 cm.
Calculate the image position and magnification of an object
placed in front of the mirror at distances of (a) 90.0 cm and
(b) 20.0 cm. (c) Draw ray diagrams to obtain the image
characteristics in each case.
12.
A concave mirror has a focal length of 40.0 cm. Determine
the object position for which the resulting image is upright
and four times the size of the object.
13.
A certain Christmas tree ornament is a silver sphere having
a diameter of 8.50 cm. Determine an object location for
which the size of the reflected image is three-fourths the
size of the object. Use a principal-ray diagram to arrive at a
description of the image.
14.
(a) A concave mirror forms an inverted image four times
larger than the object. Find the focal length of the mirror,
assuming the distance between object and image is 0.600 m.
(b) A convex mirror forms a virtual image half the size
of the object. Assuming the distance between image and
object is 20.0 cm, determine the radius of curvature of the
mirror.
15. To fit a contact lens to a patient’s eye, a keratometer can be
used to measure the curvature of the front surface of the
eye, the cornea. This instrument places an illuminated
object of known size at a known distance p from the
cornea. The cornea reflects some light from the object,
forming an image of the object. The magnification M of
the image is measured by using a small viewing telescope
that allows comparison of the image formed by the
cornea with a second calibrated image projected into the
field of view by a prism arrangement. Determine the ra-
dius of curvature of the cornea for the case p " 30.0 cm
and M " 0.013 0.
16.
An object 10.0 cm tall is placed at the zero mark of a
meter stick. A spherical mirror located at some point on
the meter stick creates an image of the object that is
upright, 4.00 cm tall, and located at the 42.0-cm mark
of the meter stick. (a) Is the mirror convex or concave?
(b) Where is the mirror? (c) What is the mirror’s focal
length?
A spherical mirror is to be used to form, on a screen located
5.00 m from the object, an image five times the size of the
object. (a) Describe the type of mirror required. (b) Where
should the mirror be positioned relative to the object?
17.
11.
9.
18.
A dedicated sports car enthusiast polishes the inside and
outside surfaces of a hubcap that is a section of a sphere.
When she looks into one side of the hubcap, she sees an
image of her face 30.0 cm in back of the hubcap. She then
flips the hubcap over and sees another image of her face
10.0 cm in back of the hubcap. (a) How far is her face
from the hubcap? (b) What is the radius of curvature of
the hubcap?
19.
You unconsciously estimate the distance to an object
from the angle it subtends in your field of view. This
angle # in radians is related to the linear height of the
object h and to the distance d by # " h/d. Assume that
you are driving a car and another car, 1.50 m high, is
24.0 m behind you. (a) Suppose your car has a flat
passenger-side rearview mirror, 1.55 m from your eyes.
How far from your eyes is the image of the car following
you? (b) What angle does the image subtend in your
field of view? (c) What If? Suppose instead that your car
has a convex rearview mirror with a radius of curvature
of magnitude 2.00 m (Fig. P36.19). How far from your
eyes is the image of the car behind you? (d) What angle
does the image subtend at your eyes? (e) Based on its
angular size, how far away does the following car appear
to be?
Figure P36.19
20.
Review Problem. A ball is dropped at t " 0 from rest 3.00 m
directly above the vertex of a concave mirror that has a
radius of curvature of 1.00 m and lies in a horizontal plane.
(a) Describe the motion of the ball’s image in the mirror.
(b) At what time do the ball and its image coincide?