magnetizing current
the current required
to magnetize the different parts of a magnetic
circuit. It is calculated as the ratio of the total
magnetomotive force (
F ) and the number of
turns (
N). More or less in transformers, and
AC synchronous and induction machines, the
magnetizing current is the current through the
magnetizing inductance. Denoted by
I
m
, it
is calculated as the ratio of the induced EMF
across the magnetizing inductance to its mag-
netizing reactance
X
m
.
magneto plasma
a plasma medium that
in the presence of a static magnetic field be-
haves like an anisotropic dielectric medium
whose dielectric function is a tensor.
magnetohydrodynamic MHD machine
a form of electric machine in which a stream
of electrically conductive gas or liquid is
passed through pairs of orthogonally posi-
tioned magnetic poles and electrodes. In an
MHD generator, the fluid is forced by the
prime mover to produce a DC across the elec-
trodes. In the MHD motor, a current across
the electrodes through the fluid forces the
stream to flow.
magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) genera-
tor
a heat-to-electricity conversion device
with an intermediate kinetic energy stage.
In the MHD generator, a partially conduct-
ing gas is heated by a fuel-fired source or
a nuclear reactor to convert the heat energy
to kinetic energy, and then passed between
the poles of an electromagnet, which con-
verts some of the kinetic energy to electri-
cal energy. The electrical energy is collected
through a pair of electrodes situated in the
gas channel.
magneto-optic Bragg cell
a magnetically
tunable microwave signal processing device
that uses optical Bragg diffraction of light
from a moving magneto-optic grating gen-
erated by the propagation of magnetostatic
waves within the magnetic medium.
magneto-optic modulator
any of a class
of light modulators that use magneto-optic
effects, such as Faraday rotation for light
modulation.
magneto-optical Kerr effect
the rotation
of the plane of polarization of a linearly po-
larized beam of light upon reflection from
the surface of a perpendicularly magnetized
medium.
magneto-resistive head
See
read/write
head
.
magnetoimpedance
the change in imped-
ance of a ferromagnetic conductor experienc-
ing a change in applied magnetic field.
magnetomotive force (MMF)
a magnetic
circuit term referring to that phenomenon that
pushes magnetic flux through the reluctance
of the circuit path. MMF is analogous to
the concept of electromotive force (voltage)
in an electric circuit. For a magnetic core
with a single coil of
N turns, carrying current
I, the MMF is NI, with units of amperes
(sometimes expressed as ampere-turns).
magnetoresistance
the change in electri-
cal resistance in a conducting element expe-
riencing a change in applied magnetic field.
This is most pronounced when the magnetic
field is perpendicular to current flow.
magnetostriction
a change in the length
of a ferromagnetic material as the flux
changes under the influence of an applied
magnetic field, or resulting from domain for-
mation after cooling from above Curie tem-
perature. In an AC device, the steel in the
core expands and contracts twice each cy-
cle, creating audible noise (e.g., transformer
hum).
magnetostrictive smart material
one of
a class of materials with self-adaptively mod-
ifiable elastic properties in response to a mag-
netic field applied in proportion to sensed
stress–strain information.
c
2000 by CRC Press LLC