Volvo S90 (2021 year). Manual in english - page 36

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

615

NOTE

The system cannot directly detect changes
when the oil is filled or drained. The car
must have been driven approx. 30 km
(approx. 20 miles) and have been station-
ary for 5 minutes with the engine switched
off and on level ground before the oil level
indication is correct.

NOTE

If the right conditions for measuring the oil
level (time after engine shutdown, the car's
inclination, outside temperature, etc.) are
not met, then the message 

No value

available

 will be shown in the centre dis-

play. This does 

not

 mean that there is

something wrong in the car's systems.

IMPORTANT

If this symbol is shown then the
oil pressure may be too low. Stop
the car as quickly as possible and
have the car recovered to a work-

shop – an authorised Volvo workshop is
recommended.

Fill the engine oil

Filler pipe

12

,

13

In some cases, oil may need to be topped up
between service intervals. No action with
regard to engine oil level needs to be taken
until a message is shown in the driver display.

WARNING

If the 

Engine oil level

 

Service required

message is shown, visit a workshop – an

authorised Volvo workshop is recom-

mended. The oil level may be too high.

WARNING

Do not spill oil onto the hot exhaust mani-

fold due to the risk of fire.

IMPORTANT

If the 

Engine oil level low

 

Refill 1 litre

message is shown, fill only with the speci-
fied volume, e.g. 1 litre (1 quart).

Related information

•

Engine oil (p. 613)

•

Adverse driving conditions for engine oil
(p. 676)

•

Engine oil — specifications (p. 674)

•

Ignition positions (p. 430)

•

Car status (p. 604)

12

Engines with electronic oil level sensor do not have a dipstick.

13

The appearance of the engine compartment may differ depending on model and engine variant.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

616

Coolant

The coolant ensures that surplus heat is dis-
tributed in the circuit, e.g. in order to heat the
starter battery or provide heat for the passen-
ger compartment.

Only coolant approved by Volvo should be
used in order to prevent impairment of the
cooling system, engine problems, etc.

Prescribed grade:

 Ready-mixed coolant

approved by Volvo. If concentrated coolant is
used, mix with 50% water (of approved water
quality, not salt water, etc.). Consult a Volvo
dealer if unsure.

Only coolant approved by Volvo should be
used in order to prevent impairment of the
cooling system, engine problems, etc.

WARNING

Swallowing coolant is hazardous, it may

cause damage to organs (kidneys). The

product contains ethylene glycol, inhibitor,

water, etc.

Related information

•

Topping up coolant (p. 616)

Topping up coolant

When topping up the coolant, follow the
instructions on the packaging. Never top up
with water only. The risk of freezing increases
with both too little and too much coolant con-
centrate.

If there is coolant under the car, if there is
coolant smoke, or if more than 2 litres (approx.
2 quarts) have been filled, always call for
recovery to avoid the risk of engine damage
due to a defective cooling system when
attempting to start the car.

WARNING

The coolant may be very hot. Never open

the cap when the coolant is hot. If a top-up

is required, unscrew the expansion tank

cap slowly to allow any overpressure to

disappear.

Coolant expansion tank, left-hand drive car

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

617

Screw off the cap in the plastic cover.

Screw off the cap and top up with coolant
if necessary. The coolant level must not
exceed the yellow 

MAX

 mark inside the

expansion tank.

Reinstall the parts in reverse order.

Coolant expansion tank, right-hand drive car

Grip the hatch's handle and lift/jiggle the
hatch from the plastic cover.

Screw off the cap and top up with coolant
if necessary. The coolant level must not
exceed the yellow 

MAX

 mark inside the

expansion tank.

Reinstall the parts in reverse order.

IMPORTANT

•

Harmful if ingested. May cause organ
(kidney) damage.

•

Use ready-mixed coolant as recom-
mended by Volvo. If concentrated liq-
uid is used, make sure that the ratio is
50 % coolant to 50 % water of an
approved quality.

•

Do not mix different coolants.

•

Only new coolant should be used
when replacing major cooling system
components to ensure the system has
sufficient corrosion protection.

•

The engine must only be run with a
well-filled cooling system. Otherwise,
temperatures that are too high may
occur resulting in the risk of damage
(cracks) in the cylinder head.

•

A high content of chlorine, chlorides
and other salts may cause corrosion in
the cooling system.

Related information

•

Engine compartment overview (p. 612)

•

Coolant (p. 616)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

618

Starter battery

The starter battery is used to start up the
electrical system and drive the starter motor
as well as other electrical equipment in the
car.

The electrical system is single-pole and uses
the chassis and engine casing as a conductor.

The car has a voltage-regulated AC alternator.

The starter battery is a 12 V battery, designed
for the carbon dioxide reducing functions
Start/stop and regenerative charging, and to
support the functionality of the car's different
systems.

The service life and function of the starter bat-
tery is influenced by factors such as the num-
ber of starts, discharging, driving style, driving
conditions, climatic conditions etc.

•

Never disconnect the starter battery when
the engine is running.

•

Check that the cables to the starter bat-
tery are correctly connected and properly
tightened.

WARNING

•

The battery can generate oxyhydrogen
gas, which is highly explosive. A spark
can be formed if a jump lead is con-
nected incorrectly, and this can be
enough for the battery to explode.

•

Do not connect the jump leads to any
fuel system component or any moving
part. Be careful of hot engine parts.

•

The battery contains sulphuric acid,
which can cause serious burns.

•

If sulphuric acid comes into contact
with eyes, skin or clothing, flush with
large quantities of water. If acid
splashes into the eyes - seek medical
attention immediately.

•

Never smoke near the battery.

The service life and capacity of the
starter battery

The service life of the battery is affected by
several factors, including factors such as the
number of starts, discharging, driving style,
driving conditions, climatic conditions, etc.
Battery starting capacity decreases gradually
with time and therefore needs to be recharged
if the car is not used for a long time or when it
is only driven short distances. Extreme cold
further limits starting capacity. If the starter

battery is discharged a large number of times,
it will negatively affect the service life.

In order to maintain the starter battery in good
condition, it is recommended that there is at
least 15 minutes driving/week or that the bat-
tery is connected to a battery charger with
automatic trickle charging. A starter battery
that is kept fully charged has a maximum serv-
ice life.

Location

The starter battery is located in the cargo area.

WARNING

If the starter battery is disconnected, the

automatic opening and closing function

must be reset to work properly. A reset

must take place for pinch protection to

work.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

619

IMPORTANT

On certain models, the battery is attached
with a retaining strap. Make sure the
retaining strap is properly tightened.

Specifications for starter battery

Battery type

H7 AGM

H8 AGM

Voltage (V)

12

12

Cold start capacity

A

 - CCA

B

 (A)

800

850

Size, L×B×H

315×175×190 mm (12.4×6.9×7.5 inches)

353×175×190 mm (13.9×6.9×7.5 inches)

Capacity (Ah)

80

95

A

According to EN standard.

B

Cold Cranking Amperes.

Volvo recommends entrusting battery replace-
ment to an authorised Volvo workshop.

IMPORTANT

If the battery is replaced, make sure you
replace it with a battery with the same
size, cold starting capacity and type as the
original battery (see the decal on the bat-
tery).

Related information

•

Symbols on the batteries (p. 622)

•

Support battery (p. 620)

•

Using jump starting with another battery
(p. 481)

•

Reset sequence for pinch protection
(p. 169)

•

Battery recycle (p. 622)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

620

Support battery

Cars with the start/stop function are equip-
ped with two batteries - one more powerful
12 V starter battery for starting and one sup-
port battery that helps during the function's
starting sequence.

The 12 V support battery is located in a box next to

the strut tower.

If the car is equipped with a 48V support battery

instead, it is located under the cargo area. The box

over the 48V support battery must only be removed

by an authorised workshop.

WARNING

High voltage can be dangerous in the event

of incorrect intervention. Do not touch any-

thing on the batteries that is not clearly

described in the owner's manual.

•

48 V support battery must never be
used for jump-starting.

•

External electrical equipment must not,
under any circumstances, be con-
nected to the 48 V battery.

•

The 48 V battery may only be serviced
and replaced by a workshop – an
authorised Volvo workshop is recom-
mended.

NOTE

•

The higher the current take-off in the
car, the more the alternator must be
working and the batteries charging =
Increased fuel consumption.

•

When the capacity of the battery has
fallen below the lowest permissible
level then the Start/stop function is
disengaged.

Temporarily reduced Start/stop function due
to high current take-off means:

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

621

•

The engine starts automatically

14

 without

the driver depressing the clutch pedal
(manual gearbox).

•

The engine starts automatically without
the driver lifting his/her foot off the foot
brake pedal (automatic gearbox).

The support battery normally requires no more
service than the normal starter battery. A
workshop should be contacted in the event of
questions or problems - an authorised Volvo
workshop is recommended.

IMPORTANT

If the following instruction is not observed
then the Start/stop function may temporar-
ily cease to work after the connection of an
external battery or battery charger:

•

The negative battery terminal on the
car's starter battery must 

never

 be

used for connecting an external starter
battery or battery charger – only the

car's negative charging point

 may be

used as the grounding point.

NOTE

If the starter battery has been discharged
so much that the car has no normal electri-
cal functions and the engine is then jump-
started with an external battery or a battery
charger, the Start/stop function may con-
tinue to be activated. If the Start/stop
function then auto-stops the engine shortly
afterwards, there is a great risk that engine
auto-start will fail due to insufficient bat-
tery capacity, because the battery has not
had the time to recharge.

If the car has been jump-started, or if there
is insufficient time to charge the battery
with a battery charger, the Start/stop func-
tion is temporarily deactivated until the
battery has been recharged by the car. In
an outside temperature of approx. +15 °C
(approx. 60 °F), the battery needs to be
charged for at least 1 hour by the car. In a
lower outside temperature, the charging
time may increase to 3–4 hours. The rec-
ommendation is to charge the battery
using an external battery charger.

Specifications for support battery

Type

AGM

Voltage (V)

12

Cold start capacity

A

 -

CCA

B

 (A)

170

Size, L×B×H

150×90×130 mm

(5.9×3.5×5.1

inches)

Capacity (Ah)

10

A

According to EN standard.

B

Cold Cranking Amperes.

IMPORTANT

If the battery is replaced, make sure you
replace it with a battery with the same
size, cold starting capacity and type as the
original battery (see the decal on the bat-
tery).

Related information

•

Starter battery (p. 618)

•

Start/stop function (p. 457)

•

Symbols on the batteries (p. 622)

•

Battery recycle (p. 622)

14

Automatic starting can only take place if the gear lever is in neutral position.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

622

Symbols on the batteries

There are information and warning symbols
on the batteries.

Use protective goggles.

Further information in the

owner's manual for the

car.

Store the battery out of

the reach of children.

The battery contains cor-

rosive acid.

Avoid sparks and naked

flames.

Risk of explosion.

Must be taken for recy-

cling.

Related information

•

Starter battery (p. 618)

•

Support battery (p. 620)

•

Battery recycle (p. 622)

Battery recycle

A used starter battery or support battery
must be recycled in an environmentally sound
manner.

Consult a workshop in the event of uncertainty
about how this type of waste should be dis-
carded - an authorised Volvo workshop is rec-
ommended.

Related information

•

Starter battery (p. 618)

•

Support battery (p. 620)

•

Symbols on the batteries (p. 622)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

}}

623

Fuses and central electrical units

All electrical functions and components are
protected by a number of fuses in order to
protect the car's electrical system from dam-
age by short circuiting or overloading.

WARNING

Never use a foreign object or a fuse with an

amperage higher than that specified when

replacing a fuse. This could cause signifi-

cant damage to the electrical system and

possibly lead to fire.

If an electrical component or function does not
work, it may be because the component's fuse
was temporarily overloaded and failed. If the
same fuse fails repeatedly then there is a fault
in the circuit. Volvo recommends contacting
an authorised Volvo workshop for checking.

Location of central electrical units

The figure is schematic - appearance may vary

depending on car model.

Central electrical unit locations in a left-hand
drive car. In a right-hand drive car the central
electrical units under the glovebox change
sides.

Engine compartment

Under the glovebox

Cargo area

Related information

•

Replacing a fuse (p. 623)

•

Fuses in cargo area (p. 635)

•

Fuses in engine compartment (p. 625)

•

Fuses under glovebox (p. 630)

Replacing a fuse

All electrical functions and components are
protected by a number of fuses in order to
protect the car's electrical system from dam-
age by short circuiting or overloading.

1. Look in the fuse diagram to locate the

fuse.

2. Pull out the fuse and check from the side

to see whether the curved wire has blown.

3. If this is the case, replace it with a new

fuse of the same colour and amperage.

WARNING

Never use a foreign object or a fuse with an

amperage higher than that specified when

replacing a fuse. This could cause signifi-

cant damage to the electrical system and

possibly lead to fire.

WARNING

Contact an authorised Volvo workshop

about the fuses not mentioned in the

owner's manual. If replacing the fuse is not

performed correctly, it can cause serious

damage to the electrical systems.

Related information

•

Fuses and central electrical units (p. 623)

•

Fuses in cargo area (p. 635)

||

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

624

•

Fuses in engine compartment (p. 625)

•

Fuses under glovebox (p. 630)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

}}

625

Fuses in engine compartment

Fuses in the engine compartment protect
engine and brake functions, amongst other
things.

||

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

626

On the inside of the cover there are tweezers
that facilitate the procedure for the removal
and fitting of fuses.

The fuse box also provides space for several
spare fuses.

Positions

On the inside of the cover is a label that shows
the location of the fuses.

Function

Ampere

Type

–

–

Micro

–

–

Micro

Lambda sensors; Electric charge pressure module

15

Micro

Ignition coils (petrol); Spark plugs (petrol)

Exhaust sensor; Diesel particulate sensor

15

Micro

Solenoid for engine oil pump; Solenoid clutch A/C; Lambda probe, centre (petrol); Lambda probe, rear (diesel); Lambda
probe, front (petrol/diesel)

15

Micro

Vacuum regulators; Valve; Valve for output pulse (diesel); Oil level/temperature sensor (petrol/diesel); Glow plugs (GCU)
(diesel)

7,5

Micro

Engine control module; Actuator; Throttle unit; EGR valve (diesel); Position sensor for turbo (diesel); Valve for turbo-
charger (petrol)

20

Micro

Engine Control Module (ECM)

5

Micro

–

–

Micro

Solenoids (petrol); Valve for fuel leakage monitoring; Thermostat for engine cooling system (petrol); Vacuum valve for
EGR (diesel) Glow control unit (diesel); Supercharger clutch (petrol); Crankshaft ventilation heater (diesel); Valve, gear-
box oil cooler (diesel)

10

Micro

Control module for spoiler damper; Control module for radiator damper; Relay coils for output pulse (diesel); Coolant
valve

5

Micro

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

}}

* Option/accessory.

627

Function

Ampere

Type

Coolant pump

15

Micro

Engine Control Module (ECM)

20

Micro

Starter motor

40

MCase

A

Starter motor

Shunt

MCase

A

Fuel filter heater (diesel)

30

MCase

A

–

–

MCase

A

Calculation unit

5

Micro

–

–

Micro

–

–

Micro

ECM camera

15

Micro

–

–

Micro

USB port in tunnel console, rear

*

7,5

Micro

12 V socket in tunnel console, front

15

Micro

–

–

Micro

12 V socket in cargo area

*

15

Micro

–

–

Micro

Left-hand headlamp, LED

B

15

Micro

||

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

* Option/accessory.

628

Function

Ampere

Type

Right-hand headlamp, LED

B

15

Micro

–

–

Micro

Heated windscreen

*

 left-hand side

Shunt

MCase

A

Heated windscreen

*

 left-hand side

40

MCase

A

Headlamp washers

*

25

MCase

A

Washer fluid pump

25

MCase

A

Transmission control unit; Electric gear selector

15

Micro

Horn

20

Micro

Siren

*

5

Micro

Control module for brake system (valves, parking brake)

40

MCase

A

Brake control with 48V battery

30

MCase

A

Windscreen wipers

30

MCase

A

–

–

MCase

A

Heated windscreen

*

 right-hand side

40

MCase

A

Parking heater

*

20

MCase

A

Control unit for brake system (ABS pump)

40

MCase

A

–

–

MCase

A

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

* Option/accessory.

629

Function

Ampere

Type

Heated windscreen

*

 right-hand side

Shunt

MCase

A

Supplied when the ignition is switched on: Engine control module; Transmission components; Electric steering servo;
Central electronic module; Control module for brake system

5

Micro

–

–

Micro

Right-hand headlamp, LED

B

15

Micro

Alcohol lock

*

5

Micro

Transmission control module

10

Micro

Module for controlling battery engagement

5

Micro

Airbags; Passenger weight sensor

5

Micro

Left-hand headlamp, LED

B

15

Micro

Accelerator pedal sensor

5

Micro

A

This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.

B

LED (Light Emitting Diode)

Related information

•

Fuses and central electrical units (p. 623)

•

Replacing a fuse (p. 623)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

630

Fuses under glovebox

Fuses under the glovebox protect, amongst
other things, electrical sockets, displays and
door modules.