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01-26 3) Description for Each Cycle (1) Compression The evaporated refrigerant in the evaporator enters to the compressor. And the refrigerant gas is compressed until it can be liquefied at ambient temperature. Thus, the low refrigerant pressure is maintained so that the liquid refrigerant can be evaporated - - (2) Condensation The high pressure and high temperature gas (refrigerant) from the compressor is cooled down by the fresh air entered into the condenser. Then, this gas is converted to liquid and collected in the receiver drier. The heat generated from the high pressure refrigerant is dissipated to the ambient air, and it is called "heat of condensation". The heat of condensation is the summation of the heat of vaporization (heat that the refrigerant absorbs from the inside of the vehicle) and the calorific value converted from the amount of work which is needed to compress. - - (3) Expansion The liquid refrigerant lowers the pressure making its evaporation easily accomplished. This process (lowering the pressure to the level at which evaporation easily takes place before the liquid refrigerant is sent to the evaporator) is called "Adiabatic Expansion". During adiabatic expansion, the expansion valve lowers the pressure of the refrigerant and determines the correct amount of refrigerant going into the air conditioning evaporator. That is, the amount of heat, which is needed to stop the evaporation, is determined according to the cooling load. The expansion valve detects this and regulates the amount of the refrigerant exactly. - - (4) Evaporator The refrigerant is converted from liquid to gas in the evaporator. (The refrigerant in the form of fog in the evaporator is vaporized actively) At this time the refrigerant, in the form of liquid, absorbs the heat in the air which is need for evaporation (latent heat) and is cooled down. Then the blower blows the cooled air inside the vehicle to lower the temperature. There are liquid refrigerant from the expansion valve and evaporated refrigerant in the evaporator. The evaporation temperature can be predicted from the evaporation pressure (i.e. relationship between saturation pressure and saturation temperature). It is important to keep the pressure inside the evaporator low, so that the refrigerant is evaporated at low temperature to make sure the completely evaporated refrigerant is entered into the compressor. - - - - - |