Scania DC13 XPI. Industrial engine. Operator’s manual - part 4

 

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Scania DC13 XPI. Industrial engine. Operator’s manual - part 4

 

 

Lubrication system
6. If the rotor nut is jammed: Turn the rotor up-
side down and fasten the rotor nut in a vice.
See illustration.
7. Use protective jaws so as not to damage the
M20
grooves of the rotor nut.
8. Turn the rotor 1.5 turns anti-clockwise by
hand.
9. If this does not work: Screw two nuts togeth-
er with an M20 screw.
10. Position the screw head at the bottom of the
x 1.5
rotor.
11. Position a ring spanner on the lower nut and
turn the rotor 1.5 turns anti-clockwise.
IMPORTANT!
Do not attach the rotor directly to the vice. Never
strike the rotor cover.
12. Remove the rotor cover by holding the rotor
in both hands and tapping the rotor nut
against the table. Never strike the rotor di-
rectly as this may damage its bearings.
13. Remove the strainer from the rotor cover. If
the strainer is stuck, insert a screwdriver be-
tween the rotor cover and strainer and care-
fully prise them apart.
48
Lubrication system
14. Remove the paper insert.
15. Scrape off any remaining dirt deposits from
the inside of the rotor cover. If the deposits
on the paper are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in),
the centrifugal oil cleaner must be cleaned
more often.
16. Wash the parts according to the applicable
industrial method.
17. Inspect the 2 nozzles on the rotor. Ensure that
they are not blocked or damaged.
Renew any damaged nozzles.
18. Check that the bearings are undamaged.
Renew damaged bearings.
1
19. Fold and fit a new paper insert on the inside
of the rotor cover as illustrated.
2
3
4
49
Lubrication system
20. Fit the strainer onto the rotor.
21. Fit a new O-ring to the foot of the centrifugal
oil cleaner.
22. Refit the rotor cover. Ensure that the O-ring
is not outside the edges, but is in the groove.
23. Screw the rotor nut back on by hand.
24. Check that the shaft is not damaged or loose.
Contact a Scania workshop if the rotor shaft
needs renewing.
Note:
Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.
25. Refit the rotor and rotate it by hand to make
sure it rotates easily.
50
Lubrication system
26. Fit a new O-ring in the cover.
27. Refit the cover and tighten the lock nut.
Tightening torque 20 Nm (15 lb-ft).
IMPORTANT!
To reduce the risk of oil leakage it is important to
tighten the cover to the correct tightening torque.
Operational testing of the
centrifugal oil cleaner
Operational testing need only be carried out if it
is suspected that the centrifugal oil cleaner is
malfunctioning. For example, if there are unusu-
ally few deposits given the distance driven.
1. Run the engine until it reaches normal oper-
ating temperature.
2. Turn off the engine and listen for the sound
from the rotor. It should continue rotating for
a time, even when the engine has stopped.
3. Use your hand to feel if the filter housing is
vibrating.
4. If the filter housing is not vibrating, disman-
tle and check the centrifugal oil cleaner.
51
Lubrication system
Renewing the rotor in down-
wards-moving centrifugal oil
cleaner
Tool
Description
Illustration
Hexagon socket, drive
1/2", 36 mm
1. Run the engine until it reaches normal oper-
ating temperature.
- Drain the lubrication system as follows:
2. Detach the oil filter cover with specified tool.
See illustration.
3. Allow the system to drain for approximately
2 minutes.
4. Renew the oil filter.
5. Refit the oil filter cover. Tightening torque
for cover: 25 Nm.
6. Clean the area around the centrifugal oil
cleaner.
Environment
Use a waste oil trolley when draining the centrif-
ugal oil cleaner.
WARNING!
Wear protective gloves and goggles. When the
bottom cover is detached, a small amount of oil
will always run out.
7. Unscrew the bottom cover of the centrifugal
oil cleaner 2 turns without removing the cov-
er. See illustration. Start from a mark on the
cover to see the number of turns.
8. Drain the centrifugal oil cleaner for approxi-
mately 2 minutes.
52
Lubrication system
9. Remove the bottom cover together with the
rotor.
10. Remove the rotor by pulling it straight up
from the cover. See illustration.
IMPORTANT!
Lubricate the threads on the cover and O-rings
with engine oil before they are refitted.
11. Renew the uppermost black O-ring.
12. Renew the 2 lower green O-rings.
53
Lubrication system
13. Press the rotor onto the cover.
14. Refit the cover with rotor in the centrifugal
oil cleaner. Tightening torque: 70 Nm.
54
Lubrication system
Renewing the oil filter
Tool
Description
Illustration
Hexagon socket, drive
1/2", 36 mm
1. Unscrew the filter cover using the socket.
IMPORTANT!
Do not use an adjustable spanner or other open
tool, as there is a risk of damaging the filter cov-
er.
2. Lift out the filter housing cover with filter el-
ement. The filter housing will drain automat-
ically once the filter has been removed.
3. Detach the old filter from the cover by hold-
ing the cover and carefully tapping the entire
filter element against something hard. Re-
member that there will be oil splashes.
4. Fit the new filter and tighten the filter cover
to 25 Nm (18 lb/ft).
55
Air cleaner
Air cleaner
WARNING!
3
Never start the engine without the air filter in po-
sition. Without the air filter, there is a risk of dirt
2
being sucked into the engine.
The engine turbocharger will continue to rotate
1
and take in air for a time, even after the engine
has stopped. Therefore, wait for a few minutes
before opening the air cleaner.
IMPORTANT!
4
Renew the filter element earlier than the mainte-
nance interval if the vacuum indicator shows red.
5
The filter element must not be cleaned in water
or be blown clean with compressed air. There is
Air cleaner with safety cartridge:
always a risk that the filter element will be dam-
1. Filter element
aged when it is cleaned.
2. O-ring
3. Vacuum indicator
4. Safety cartridge
5. Cover
2
1
Reading the vacuum indicator
If the vacuum indicator's red plunger is fully vis-
ible, renew the air cleaner filter element in ac-
3
4
cordance with the following section.
Air cleaner without safety cartridge:
1. Filter element
2. Vacuum indicator
3. O-ring
4. Cover
56
Air cleaner
Renewing the air cleaner filter
element and safety cartridge
1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.
2. Renew the filter element.
3. If the air cleaner has a safety cartridge: Re-
move the safety cartridge and fit a new one.
4. Insert a torch into the filter element and
check that the filter paper is free of holes and
cracks.
5. Renew the O-ring if it is damaged or hard.
6. Assemble the air cleaner.
7. Ensure that the O-ring is not outside the edg-
es.
8. Reset the vacuum indicator by pressing in
the button marked in the illustration.
57
Cooling system
Cooling system
Coolant
Note:
The coolant should be changed when the cooling
system is cleaned: every 6,000 hours or at least
every 5 years. See Changing the coolant and
cleaning the cooling system.
The coolant recommended by Scania is a mix-
ture of water with antifreeze (ethylene glycol)
and corrosion inhibitor. The coolant has several
characteristics which are important for the oper-
ation of the cooling system:
• Corrosion protection
• Antifreeze
• Increases the boiling point
Water
Use only pure fresh water that is free from parti-
cles, sludge and other impurities. If there is un-
certainty about the quality of the water, Scania
recommends use of Scania ready-mixed cool-
ants. See the section Recommended Scania prod-
ucts.
58
Cooling system
Antifreeze and corrosion protection
The antifreeze and corrosion protection used in
Scania engines should be antifreeze (ethylene
glycol) and corrosion inhibitor.
Only Scania coolant or another product with
functioning antifreeze and corrosion protection
may be used in Scania engines. Products not ful-
filling the demands in this section may lead to
faults and damage occurring in the cooling sys-
tem. This can lead to the invalidation of Scania's
warranty for faults and damage caused by the use
of inappropriate coolant.
Addition of antifreeze and corrosion
inhibitor to water
The coolant should contain 35-55% by volume
antifreeze (ethylene glycol) and corrosion inhib-
itor. The percentage varies depending on the
need for antifreeze.
A minimum of 35% by volume of Scania anti-
freeze and corrosion inhibitor is needed to pro-
vide sufficient protection against corrosion.
Note:
Too high a dose of antifreeze and corrosion in-
hibitor will increase the amount of sludge and
blockages accumulating in the radiator. Too low
a concentration can lead to corrosion of the cool-
ing system and ice formation at low tempera-
tures.
Measure the ethylene glycol content (antifreeze
and corrosion protection) with a refractometer
following the instructions in the Checking the
coolant's antifreeze and corrosion protection sec-
tion.
59
Cooling system
Risk of freezing
IMPORTANT!
The engine should not be subjected to heavy
loads when ice starts to build up in the cooling
system.
As the coolant starts to freeze, the water in the
coolant starts to crystallise and the percentage of
ethylene glycol in the coolant therefore rises. If
freezing produces a great increase in the amount
of ice, circulation problems could arise. There is
no risk of damage by freezing if the content of
Scania antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor, or an
equivalent mixture of a similar product, is at
least 35% by volume.
Minimal ice formation in the coolant sometimes
causes minor problems without any risk of dam-
age. For example, the auxiliary heater may not
work for up to 1 hour after the engine has been
started.
10
20
30
40
50
60%
The chart depicts coolant properties at different
o
percents of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
-10
C
concentration by volume.
o
-16
C
1
o
-20
C
Curve A: Ice formation starts (ice slush)
o
-30
C
Curve B: Damage by freezing
3
2
o
Area 1: Safe area
-40
C
Area 2: Malfunctions may occur (ice
o
-50
C
slush)
o
Area 3: Risk of damage by freezing
-60
C
B
A
The following example shows coolant properties
with 30 percent by volume of antifreeze and cor-
rosion inhibitor:
• Ice slush starts to form at -16°C (3°F).
• At -30°C (-22°F), there is a risk of cooling
system malfunction.
• There is no risk of damage by freezing with a
minimum antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor
content of 35 percent by volume.
Example: If the temperature is -16 C (3°F), there
is a risk of damage by freezing if the percentage
of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor is 20% by
volume. At 30% antifreeze and corrosion protec-
tion by volume the coolant will not contain any
ice.
60
Cooling system
Hot climates
In order to retain the corrosion protection and the
higher boiling point, it is essential to use coolant
consisting of water mixed with antifreeze and
corrosion inhibitor (ethylene glycol). This also
applies in countries where the temperature never
drops below 0°C (32°C).
The coolant should always contain 35-55% by
volume of antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor so
that the coolant properties ensure that the coolant
works correctly.
Topping up
Coolant must only be topped up with pre-mixed
coolant. The pre-mixed coolant can either be
concentrate mixed with clean freshwater or pre-
mixed coolant from the factory. Use only pure
fresh water that is free from particles, sludge and
other impurities.
IMPORTANT!
Containers, which are used for mixing coolant,
must be intended for the purpose and free from
any dirt or contaminants. When the containers
not in use they must be kept closed to avoid col-
lecting dirt and dust.
Note:
Within the coolant change interval, coolant may
only be reused if it has been cleaned of dirt,
sludge and particles. If the coolant is contaminat-
ed with oil or fuel, it must not be reused.
61
Cooling system
Recommended Scania products
Scania Ready Mix 50/50
Scania Ready Mix 50/50 is a ready-mixed cool-
ant containing 50 % antifreeze (ethylene glycol)
and corrosion protection and 50 % water. It
should be used in cold countries where there is a
risk of freezing in the cooling system.
Part no.
Volume
Volume
litres
US gallons
1 921 955
5
1.3
1 921 956
20
5.3
1 921 957
210
55
1 896 695
1,000
264
Scania Ready Mix 35/65
Scania Ready Mix 35/65 is a ready-mixed cool-
ant containing 35% antifreeze (ethylene glycol)
and corrosion protection and 65% water. It
should be used in warm countries where there is
no risk of freezing in the cooling system.
Part no.
Volume
Volume
litres
US gallons
2 186 291
5
1.3
2 186 292
20
5.3
2 186 293
210
55
2 186 294
1,000
264
62
Cooling system
Scania concentrate
Scania also produces coolant with antifreeze and
corrosion inhibitor in the form of a concentrate.
Part no.
Volume
Volume
litres
US gallons
1 894 323
5
1.3
1 894 324
20
5.3
1 894 325
210
55
1 894 326
1,000
264
63

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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