Nissan Almera Tino V10 (2001 year). Manual - part 163

Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR
BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”

NLHA0190

The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER” used along with
a seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain types of
collision. The SRS system composition which is available to NISSAN MODEL V10 is as follows (The compo-
sition varies according to the destination and optional equipment.):

For a frontal collision
The Supplemental Restraint System consists of driver air bag module (located in the center of the steer-
ing wheel), front passenger air bag module (located on the instrument panel on passenger side), front seat
belt pre-tensioners, a diagnosis sensor unit, warning lamp, wiring harness and spiral cable.

For a side collision
The Supplemental Restraint System consists of front side air bag module (located in the outer side of front
seat), side air bag (satellite) sensor, diagnosis sensor unit (one of components of air bags for a frontal
collision), wiring harness, warning lamp (one of components of air bags for a frontal collision).

Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the RS section of this Service Manual.

WARNING:

To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death
in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance should be per-
formed by an authorized NISSAN dealer.

Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to per-
sonal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air
Bag Module, see the RS section.

Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. Spiral cable and wiring harnesses covered with yellow insulation tape either just
before the harness connectors or for the complete harness are related to the SRS.

Precautions for Working with HFC-134a
(R-134a)

NLHA0113

WARNING:

CFC-12 (R-12) refrigerant and HFC-134a (R-134a) refrigerant are not compatible. These refrigerants
must never be mixed, even in the smallest amounts. If the refrigerants are mixed, compressor fail-
ure is likely to occur.

Use only specified lubricant for the HFC-134a (R-134a) A/C system and HFC-134a (R-134a) compo-
nents. If lubricant other than that specified is used, compressor failure is likely to occur.

The specified HFC-134a (R-134a) lubricant rapidly absorbs moisture from the atmosphere. The fol-
lowing handling precautions must be observed:

a) When removing refrigerant components from a vehicle, immediately cap (seal) the component to

minimize the entry of moisture from the atmosphere.

b) When installing refrigerant components to a vehicle, do not remove the caps (unseal) until just

before connecting the components. Connect all refrigerant loop components as quickly as pos-
sible to minimize the entry of moisture into system.

c) Only use the specified lubricant from a sealed container. Immediately reseal containers of lubri-

cant. Without proper sealing, lubricant will become moisture saturated and should not be used.

d) Avoid breathing A/C refrigerant and lubricant vapor or mist. Exposure may irritate eyes, nose

and throat. Remove R-134a from the A/C system, using certified service equipment meeting
requirements of R-134a recycling equipment, or R-134a recovery equipment. If accidental system
discharge occurs, ventilate work area before resuming service. Additional health and safety
information may be obtained from refrigerant and lubricant manufacturers.

e) Do not allow lubricant (Nissan A/C System Oil Type S) to come in contact with styrofoam parts.

Damage may result.

General Refrigerant Precautions

NLHA0114

WARNING:

Do not release refrigerant into the air. Use approved recovery/recycling equipment to capture the
refrigerant every time an air conditioning system is discharged.

Always wear eye and hand protection (goggles and gloves) when working with any refrigerant or
air conditioning system.

PRECAUTIONS

Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”

HA-2

Do not store or heat refrigerant containers above 52°C (125°F).

Do not heat a refrigerant container with an open flame; if container warming is required, place the
bottom of the container in a warm pail of water.

Do not intentionally drop, puncture, or incinerate refrigerant containers.

Keep refrigerant away from open flames: poisonous gas will be produced if refrigerant burns.

Refrigerant will displace oxygen, therefore be certain to work in well ventilated areas to prevent
suffocation.

Do not pressure test or leak test HFC-134a (R-134a) service equipment and/or vehicle air condi-
tioning systems with compressed air during repair. Some mixtures of air and R-134a have been
shown to be combustible at elevated pressures. These mixtures, if ignited, may cause injury or
property damage. Additional health and safety information may be obtained from refrigerant manu-
facturers.

Precautions for Refrigerant Connection

NLHA0115

A new type refrigerant connection has been introduced to all refrigerant lines except the following portion.

Expansion valve to cooling unit

FEATURES OF NEW TYPE REFRIGERANT CONNECTION

NLHA0115S01

The O-ring has been relocated. It has also been provided with a groove for proper installation. This elimi-
nates the chance of the O-ring being caught in, or damaged by, the mating part. The sealing direction of
the O-ring is now set vertically in relation to the contacting surface of the mating part to improve sealing
characteristics.

The reaction force of the O-ring will not occur in the direction that causes the joint to pull out, thereby
facilitating piping connections.

SHA815E

PRECAUTIONS

General Refrigerant Precautions (Cont’d)

HA-3

O-RING AND REFRIGERANT CONNECTION

NLHA0115S02

NHA398

CAUTION:

The new and former refrigerant connections in some systems use different O-ring configurations. Do
not confuse O-rings since they are not interchangeable. If a wrong O-ring is installed, refrigerant will
leak at, or around, the connection.

O-Ring Part Numbers and Specifications

NLHA0115S0201

SHA814E

Connection

type

O-ring

size

Part number

mm (in)

New

92471 N8210

6.8 (0.268)

1.85 (0.0728)

New

92472 N8210

10.9 (0.429)

2.43 (0.0957)

Former

92475 71L00

11.0 (0.433)

2.40 (0.0945)

New

92473 N8210

13.6 (0.535)

2.43 (0.0957)

Former

92475 72L00

14.3 (0.563)

2.30 (0.0906)

New

92474 N8210

16.5 (0.650)

2.43 (0.0957)

WARNING:

Make sure all refrigerant is discharged into the recycling equipment and the pressure in the system
is less than atmospheric pressure. Then gradually loosen the discharge side hose fitting and remove
it.

CAUTION:

When replacing or cleaning refrigerant cycle components, observe the following.

When the compressor is removed, store it in the same position as it is when mounted on the car.
Failure to do so will cause lubricant to enter the low pressure chamber.

When connecting tubes, always use a torque wrench and a back-up wrench.

After disconnecting tubes, immediately plug all openings to prevent entry of dirt and moisture.

PRECAUTIONS

Precautions for Refrigerant Connection (Cont’d)

HA-4

When installing an air conditioner in the vehicle, connect the pipes as the final stage of the opera-
tion. Do not remove the seal caps of pipes and other components until just before required for
connection.

Allow components stored in cool areas to warm to working area temperature before removing seal
caps. This prevents condensation from forming inside A/C components.

Thoroughly remove moisture from the refrigeration system before charging the refrigerant.

Always replace used O-rings.

When connecting tube, apply lubricant to circle of the O-rings shown in illustration. Be careful not
to apply lubricant to threaded portion.
Lubricant name: Nissan A/C System Oil Type R for DKV-11G compressor
Part number: KLH00-PAGR0
Lubricant name: Nissan A/C System Oil Type S for CSV613 compressor
Part number: KLH00-PAGS0

O-ring must be closely attached to dented portion of tube.

When replacing the O-ring, be careful not to damage O-ring and tube.

Connect tube until you hear it click, then tighten the nut or bolt by hand until snug. Make sure that
the O-ring is installed to tube correctly.

After connecting line, conduct leak test and make sure that there is no leakage from connections.
When the gas leaking point is found, disconnect that line and replace the O-ring. Then tighten
connections of seal seat to the specified torque.

RHA861F

Precautions for Servicing Compressor

NLHA0116

Plug all openings to prevent moisture and foreign matter from entering.

When the compressor is removed, store it in the same position as it is when mounted on the car.

When replacing or repairing compressor, follow “Maintenance of Lubricant Quantity in Compres-
sor” exactly. Refer to HA-87.

Keep friction surfaces between clutch and pulley clean. If the surface is contaminated, with
lubricant, wipe it off by using a clean waste cloth moistened with thinner.

After compressor service operation, turn the compressor shaft by hand more than five turns in
both directions. This will equally distribute lubricant inside the compressor. After the compressor
is installed, let the engine idle and operate the compressor for one hour.

After replacing the compressor magnet clutch, apply voltage to the new one and check for normal
operation.

PRECAUTIONS

Precautions for Refrigerant Connection (Cont’d)

HA-5

Precautions for Service Equipment

NLHA0117

RECOVERY/RECYCLING EQUIPMENT

NLHA0117S01

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for machine operation and
machine maintenance. Never introduce any refrigerant other than
that specified into the machine.

ELECTRONIC LEAK DETECTOR

NLHA0117S02

Follow the manufacture’s instructions for tester operation and
tester maintenance.

RHA270D

VACUUM PUMP

NLHA0117S03

The lubricant contained inside the vacuum pump is not compatible
with the specified lubricant for HFC-134a (R-134a) A/C systems.
The vent side of the vacuum pump is exposed to atmospheric
pressure. So the vacuum pump lubricant may migrate out of the
pump into the service hose. This is possible when the pump is
switched off after evacuation (vacuuming) and hose is connected
to it.
To prevent this migration, use a manual valve situated near the
hose-to-pump connection, as follows.

Usually vacuum pumps have a manual isolator valve as part
of the pump. Close this valve to isolate the service hose from
the pump.

For pumps without an isolator, use a hose equipped with a
manual shut-off valve near the pump end. Close the valve to
isolate the hose from the pump.

If the hose has an automatic shut off valve, disconnect the
hose from the pump: as long as the hose is connected, the
valve is open and lubricating oil may migrate.

Some one-way valves open when vacuum is applied and close
under a no vacuum condition. Such valves may restrict the pump’s
ability to pull a deep vacuum and are not recommended.

SHA533D

MANIFOLD GAUGE SET

NLHA0117S04

Be certain that the gauge face indicates R-134a or 134a. Make
sure the gauge set has 1/2

″

-16 ACME threaded connections for

service hoses. Confirm the set has been used only with refrigerant
HFC-134a (R-134a) along with specified lubricant.

RHA272D

SERVICE HOSES

NLHA0117S05

Be certain that the service hoses display the markings described
(colored hose with black stripe). All hoses must include positive
shut off devices (either manual or automatic) near the end of the
hoses opposite the manifold gauge.

PRECAUTIONS

Precautions for Service Equipment

HA-6

RHA273D

SERVICE COUPLERS

NLHA0117S06

Never attempt to connect HFC-134a (R-134a) service couplers to
an CFC-12 (R-12) A/C system. The HFC-134a (R-134a) couplers
will not properly connect to the CFC-12 (R-12) system. However, if
an improper connection is attempted, discharging and contamina-
tion may occur.

Shut-off valve rotation

A/C service valve

Clockwise

Open

Counterclockwise

RHA274D

REFRIGERANT WEIGHT SCALE

NLHA0117S07

Verify that no refrigerant other than HFC-134a (R-134a) and speci-
fied lubricants have been used with the scale. If the scale controls
refrigerant flow electronically, the hose fitting must be 1/2

″

-16

ACME.

CALIBRATING ACR4 WEIGHT SCALE

NLHA0117S09

Calibrate the scale every three months.
To calibrate the weight scale on the ACR4:
1.

Press Shift/Reset and Enter at the same time.

Press 8787. “A1” will be displayed.

Remove all weight from the scale.

Press 0, then press Enter. “0.00” will be displayed and change
to “A2”.

Place a known weight (dumbbell or similar weight), between
4.5 and 36.3 kg (10 and 80 lb) on the center of the weight
scale.

Enter the known weight using four digits. (Example 10 lb =
“10.00”, 10.5 lb = “10.50”)

Press Enter — the display returns to the vacuum mode.

Press Shift/Reset and Enter at the same time.

Press 6 — the known weight on the scale is displayed.

10. Remove the known weight from the scale. “0.00” will be dis-

played.

11. Press Shift/Reset to return the ACR4 to the program mode.

CHARGING CYLINDER

NLHA0117S08

Using a charging cylinder is not recommended. Refrigerant may be
vented into air from cylinder’s top valve when filling the cylinder
with refrigerant. Also, the accuracy of the cylinder is generally less
than that of an electronic scale or of quality recycle/recharge
equipment.

PRECAUTIONS

Precautions for Service Equipment (Cont’d)

HA-7

Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis

NLHA0118

When you read wiring diagrams, refer to the following:

GI-11, “HOW TO READ WIRING DIAGRAMS”

EL-10, “Wiring Diagram — POWER —”.

When you perform trouble diagnosis, refer to the following:

GI-32, “HOW TO FOLLOW TROUBLE DIAGNOSES”

GI-21, “HOW TO PERFORM EFFICIENT DIAGNOSIS FOR
AN ELECTRICAL INCIDENT”

PRECAUTIONS

Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis

HA-8

Special Service Tools

NLHA0119

CSV613 COMPRESSOR

NLHA0119S02

Tool number
Tool name

Description

KV99106100
Clutch disc wrench

NT232

NT378

Removing center bolt

KV99232340
Clutch disc puller

NT376

Removing clutch disc

KV99106200
Pulley installer

NT235

Installing pulley

PREPARATION

Special Service Tools

HA-9

HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Tools and
Equipment

=NLHA0120

Never mix HFC-134a refrigerant and/or its specified lubricant with CFC-12 (R-12) refrigerant and/or its lubri-
cant.
Separate and non-interchangeable service equipment must be used for handling each type of refrigerant/
lubricant.
Refrigerant container fittings, service hose fittings and service equipment fittings (equipment which handles
refrigerant and/or lubricant) are different between CFC-12 (R-12) and HFC-134a (R-134a). This is to avoid
mixed use of the refrigerants/lubricant.
Adapters that convert one size fitting to another must never be used: refrigerant/lubricant contamination will
occur and compressor failure will result.

Tool number
Tool name

Description

HFC-134a (R-134a)
refrigerant

NT196

Container color: Light blue
Container marking: HFC-134a (R-134a)
Fitting size: Thread size

Large container 1/2

″

-16 ACME

KLH00-PAGR0
Nissan A/C System Oil
Type R
KLH00-PAGS0
Nissan A/C System Oil
Type S

NT197

Type: Poly alkylene glycol oil (PAG), type R
Application: HFC-134a (R-134a) vane rotary com-
pressors (Nissan only)
Type S
Application: HFC-134a (R-134a) swash plate com-
pressors (Nissan only)
Lubricity: 40 m

(1.4 Imp fl oz)

Recovery/Recycling
Recharging equipment
(ACR4)

NT195

Function: Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling and
Recharging

Electrical leak detector

NT198

Power supply:

DC 12V (Cigarette lighter)

Manifold gauge set (with
hoses and couplers)

NT199

Identification:

The gauge face indicates R-134a.

Fitting size: Thread size

1/2

″

-16 ACME

PREPARATION

HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Tools and Equipment

HA-10

Tool number
Tool name

Description

Service hoses

High side hose

Low side hose

Utility hose

NT201

Hose color:

Low hose: Blue with black stripe

High hose: Red with black stripe

Utility hose: Yellow with black stripe or green
with black stripe

Hose fitting to gauge:

1/2

″

-16 ACME

Service couplers

High side coupler

Low side coupler

NT202

Hose fitting to service hose:

M14 x 1.5 fitting is optional or permanently
attached.

Refrigerant weight scale

NT200

For measuring of refrigerant
Fitting size: Thread size

1/2

″

-16 ACME

Vacuum pump
(Including the isolator
valve)

NT203

Capacity:

Air displacement: 4 CFM

Micron rating: 20 microns

Oil capacity: 482 g (17 oz)

Fitting size: Thread size

1/2

″

-16 ACME

PREPARATION

HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Tools and Equipment (Cont’d)

HA-11

Refrigeration System

REFRIGERATION CYCLE

NLHA0121

Refrigerant Flow

NLHA0121S01

The refrigerant flows in the standard pattern, that is, through the compressor, the condenser, the liquid tank,
through the evaporator, and back to the compressor. The refrigerant evaporation through the evaporator coil
is controlled by an externally equalized expansion valve, located inside the heater & cooling unit.

Freeze Protection

NLHA0121S02

The compressor cycles go on and off to maintain the evaporator temperature within a specified range. When
the evaporator coil temperature falls below a specified point, the thermo control amplifier interrupts the com-
pressor operation. When the evaporator coil temperature rises above the specification, the thermo control
amplifier allows compressor operation.

Refrigerant System Protection

NLHA0121S03

Refrigerant Pressure Sensor

NLHA0121S0303

The refrigerant system is protected against excessively high or low pressures by the refrigerant pressure
sensor, located on the liquid tank. If the system pressure rises above, or falls below the specifications, the
refrigerant pressure sensor detects the pressure inside the refrigerant line and sends the voltage signal to the
ECM. ECM makes the A/C relay go OFF and stops the compressor when pressure on the high pressure side
detected by refrigerant pressure sensor is over about 2,746 kPa (27.5 bar, 28 kg/cm

, 398 psi) or below about

137 kPa (1.37 bar, 1.4 kg/cm

, 20 psi).

Dual-pressure Switch

NLHA0121S0304

The refrigerant system is protected against excessively high or low pressures by the dual-pressure switch,
located on the liquid tank. If the pressure falls out of specifications, the switch opens to interrupt compressor
operation.
Pressure Relief Valve

NLHA0121S0302

The refrigerant system is also protected by a pressure relief valve, located in the rear head of the compres-
sor. When the pressure of refrigerant in the system increases to an abnormal level [more than 3,727 kPa (37.3
bar, 38 kg/cm

, 540 psi)], the release port on the pressure relief valve automatically opens and releases

refrigerant into the atmosphere.

RHA682H

DESCRIPTION

Refrigeration System

HA-12

CSV613 Variable Displacement Compressor

GENERAL INFORMATION

NLHA0206

1. The CSV613 compressor differs from previous units. The vent temperatures of the CSV613 compressor

do not drop too far below 5°C (41°F) when:

evaporator intake air temperature is less than 20°C (68°F)

engine is running at speeds less than 1,500 rpm.
This is because the CSV613 compressor provides a means of “capacity” control.

2. The CSV613 compressor provides refrigerant control under varying conditions. During cold winters, it may

not produce high refrigerant pressure discharge (compared to previous units) when used with air condi-
tioning systems.

3. A “clanking” sound may occasionally be heard during refrigerant charge. The sound indicates that the tilt

angle of the swash plate has changed and is not a problem.

4. For air conditioning systems with the CSV613 compressor, the clutch remains engaged unless: the sys-

tem main switch, fan switch or ignition switch is turned OFF. When ambient (outside) temperatures are
low or when the amount of refrigerant is insufficient, the clutch is disengaged to protect the compressor.

5. A constant range of suction pressure is maintained when engine speed is greater than a certain value. It

normally ranges from 147 to 177 kPa (1.47 to 1.77 bar, 1.5 to 1.8 kg/cm

, 21 to 26 psi) under varying con-

ditions.
In previous compressors, however, suction pressure was reduced with increases in engine speed.

DESCRIPTION

CSV613 Variable Displacement Compressor

HA-13

DESCRIPTION

=NLHA0207

General

NLHA0207S01

The variable compressor is basically a swash plate type that changes piston stroke in response to the required
cooling capacity.
The tilt of the swash plate allows the piston’s stroke to change so that refrigerant discharge can be continu-
ously changed from 6.0 to 125 cm

(0.366 to 7.628 cu in).

RHA854H

DESCRIPTION

CSV613 Variable Displacement Compressor (Cont’d)

HA-14

Operation

=NLHA0207S02

1. Operation Control Valve

NLHA0207S0201

Operation control valve is located in the suction port (low-pressure) side, and opens or closes in response to
changes in refrigerant suction pressure.
Operation of the valve controls the internal pressure of the crankcase.
The angle of the swash plate is controlled between the crankcase’s internal pressure and the piston cylinder
pressure.
2. Maximum Cooling

NLHA0207S0202

Refrigerant pressure on the low-pressure side increases with an increase in heat loads.
When this occurs, the control valve’s bellows compress to open the low-pressure side valve and close the
high-pressure side valve.
This causes the following pressure changes:

the crankcase’s internal pressure to equal the pressure on the low-pressure side;

the cylinder’s internal pressure to be greater than the crankcase’s internal pressure.

Under this condition, the swash plate is set to the maximum stroke position.

RHA473C

DESCRIPTION

CSV613 Variable Displacement Compressor (Cont’d)

HA-15

3. Capacity Control

=NLHA0207S0203

Refrigerant pressure on suction side is low during high speed driving or when ambient or interior tempera-
ture is low.

The bellows expands when refrigerant pressure on the suction pressure side drops below approximately
177 kPa (1.77 bar, 1.8 kg/cm

, 26 psi).

Since suction pressure is low, it makes the suction port close and the discharge port open. Thus, crank-
case pressure becomes high as high pressure enters the crankcase.

The force acts around the journal pin near the swash plate, and is generated by the pressure difference
before and behind the piston.
The drive lug and journal pin are located where the piston generates the highest pressure. Piston pres-
sure is between suction pressure Ps and discharge pressure Pd, which is near suction pressure Ps. If
crankcase pressure Pc rises due to capacity control, the force around the journal pin makes the swash
plate angle decrease and also the piston stroke decrease. In other words, crankcase pressure increase
triggers pressure difference between the piston and the crankcase. The pressure difference changes the
angle of the swash plate.

RHA474C

DESCRIPTION

CSV613 Variable Displacement Compressor (Cont’d)

HA-16

Component Layout

NLHA0122

NHA367

DESCRIPTION

Component Layout

HA-17

Content .. 161 162 163 164 ..