BYD F3DM. Service Manual - part 9

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Gear Shifting 

Gear Shifting 
Handle Button

Unlock 
Button

Gear Shifting Handle Position 
Parking  gear  (P)  –  in  this  position, 
gear shifting mechanism has a locking 
function. To apply parking gear, you 
must press gear shifting handle button. 
To avoid damaging gear in the power 
train, you cannot apply parking gear 
until parking the car properly. When 
you have to switch parking gear to 
other gears, please step on brake 
pedal, turn the key to the ignition 

switch “ON” and press down the gear 
shifting handle button to shift from P 
gear. Unlocking button can also be 
used for mechanical unlocking for gear 
shifting mechanism. 
Reverse gear (R) – to apply reverse 
gear, you cannot do this until parking 
the car properly. To switch N gear to 
P gear, please press the gear shifting 
handle button. 
Neutral gear (N) – when you need to 
stop the car temporarily and get power 
train started, you can shift to N gear. 
Driving gear (D) – use this gear for 
normal driving. With your foot holding 
down the brake pedal, shift the selector 
lever to “D”. Release the parking 
brake and brake pedal. Depress the 
accelerator pedal slowly for smooth 
starting.

WARNING

 

y

Gear shifting handle must be at P 

or N gear when starting the car. 

 

y

When you want to stop the car 

at  D,  N  or  R  gear,  you  should 
step on brake pedal forcibly as 
well as move your feet from the 
accelerator pedal. Whatever the 
reason is, the driver must shift 
to P gear and pull up the parking 
brake handle as long as he 
leaves the car. 

 

y

Never  put  your  foot  on  the 

accelerator pedal while shifting, 
unless it may cause abrupt 
acceleration.

 

y

When  driving  forward,  it  is 

forbidden to use R or P gear 
and please make sure you have 
stopped the car properly before 
using P or R gear to avoid 
damaging the transmission.

!

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Electronic  Power  Steering 

System  

The electronic power steering system, 
which offers steering power by electric 
engine in steering, can help the driver 
to control the steering wheel easily and 
accurately. When the key is turned to 
“ON”, warning light for power steering 
system turns on and the system starts 
to self-inspect. After 3 seconds, the 
warning light for power steering system 
will turn off if there is no fault in the 
system; if not, the light will not turn off. 
After self-inspection, if there is any 
trouble while driving, the warning light 
will also turn on.
In the following conditions, you may 
feel it’s difficult to operate the steering 
wheel while the warning light for power 
steering system does not turn on 
(Because it is not a malfunction)

In case of frequently manipulating or 
fully turning the steering wheel for a 
long time, the power steering effect 
may be limited to avoid overhea. In 
this situation, you should stop turning 
the steering wheel or park your car 
and turn the switch to “ACC” or “OFF”. 
It takes about 10 minutes to for the 
system to restore power.

NOTICE

 

y

  When  the  auxiliary  battery 

power is low, you may feel the 
steering becomes heavy. It is a 
malfunction, please contact BYD 
authorized service provider for a 
check.

 

y

 When turning the steering wheel, 

you may hear electric engine 
noise, made by steering electric 
engine. It is not a malfunction.

WARNING

If any of the following conditions 
about power steering system 
warning light, it indicates the 
power steering system may have 
a malfunction. Please contact your 
BYD authorized service provider for 
a check as soon as possible:
1. When turning the ignition switch 
to “ON”, the light does not turn on or 
is always on.
2. The indicator light is always on 
while driving. 
In this case, it is much more difficult 
to turn the steering wheel and you 
should hold the steering wheel firmly 
and drive slowly.

!

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Brake System

Brake system adopts a power system 
with two independent vacuum sources: 
one is to provide vacuum negative 
pressure through air inflow by electric 
engine and the other is to provide 
vacuum negative pressure through 
vacuum-pumping by vacuum pump. 
If any faults occur in vacuum pump 
or assistance devices during driving 
at  EV  mode,  the  engine  will  start 
automatically and also provide vacuum 
source for brake system.

NOTICE

If the DM system indicator blinks 
with rapid clicking, system switches 
to HEV mode automatically, and the 
engine starts, these mean there is 
a malfunction in vacuum pump and 
auxiliary device, thus please park 
your car in a safe place and contact 
BYD authorized service provider.

Vacuum Booster
Vacuum booster realize boosting effect 
by vacuum source provided from 
negative pressure formed by air inflow 
of the electric engine or by vacuum-
pumping of vacuum pump. If vacuum 
source is cut off in driving, you need to 
step on the brake pedal harder to stop 
the car. 

NOTICE

 

y

Do not step on the brake pedal 

repeatedly after you park the 
car, since every time you step on 
the brake pedal, it will consume 
vacuum pressure. 

 

y

If accident happens, vacuum 

booster may not work, but the 
brake can still work normally. 
However,  you  need  to  step  on 
the brake harder and the braking 
distance will also be ncreased.   

 

y

It is forbidden to let your car skid 

before the DM system is enabled.

Anti-lock Brake System (with “ABS” 
warning light) 
The anti-lock brake system is designed 
to prevent the wheels from locking 
in a sudden braking or driving on the 

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slippery road, which helps to increase 
the vehicle steadiness..
It is an effective way to check if ABS 
is working by stepping on the brake 
pedal: if ABS is working, the driver 
may feel pulsation on brake pedal and 
hear noises. In this case, you can let 
ABS work only by stepping on brake 
pedal forcibly. However, do not step on 
it repeatedly in hard braking, as it may 
increase the braking distance. 
A B S   s t a r t s   w o r k i n g ,   w h e n   y o u 
accelerate the speed to over 10km/h. 
.ABS stops working, when you reduce 
the speed to 10km/h.
In rainy day, stepping on brake pedal 
on slippery road surfaces such as on 
a manhole cover, a steel plate at a 
construction site, joints in a bridge, etc, 
is easier to activate ABS. 
You may hear clicking sound from front 
engine compartment or sound from 

electric engine for several seconds 
when just starting the car, it indicates 
ABS in self-inspection rather than any 
malfunction. 
The following conditions may occur, 
when ABS is working, which does not 
mean any malfunction in ABS. 
● You may hear working sound from 
ABS and feel pulsation on brake 
pedal as well as vibration of car 
body and steering wheel. Even if you 
stop the car, you may still hear the 
sound of electric motor in the engine 
compartment. 
● The brake pedal move a bit forward 
after ABS stops working.

NOTICE

If any of the following conditions 
occur, please stop your car at a safe 
place and contact BYD authorized 
service provider immediately: 

 

y

When the handbrake completely 

release, the parking brake  
warning light is still on; The 
parking brake fault warning light 
suddenly light while driving.
In either case, this can indicate 
that the brakes do not work 
properly and your braking 
distance will be longer. Please 
step the brake pedal firmly and 
bring the car to an immediate 
stop.

 

y

The “ABS” warning light turns on 

while driving.

In this case, not only the anti–lock 
brake system will fail but also the 

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vehicle will become extremely 
unstable during braking. In the 
event of above, please contact BYD 
authorized service provider.

WARNING

Do not overestimate ABS: ABS can 
help to control the car, but it is still 
very important for you to comply with 
all the precautions and keep proper 
speed as well as a safe distance 
with the car in front, since the 
function of ABS to vehicle stability 
and effectiveness of steering wheel 
operation is limited. 
In case of high-speed driving 
in a rainy day, if anti-skidding 
performance of tire goes beyond its 
allowable capability or the car runs 
idle, ABS cannot help to control the 

car. 
Tires of specified size with proper 
pressure are installed in all the 
vehicle  wheels  (4  for  each  car); 
ABS measures the rotating speed 
of each wheel by rotating-speed 
sensor. If other unspecified tires are 
used, the rotating speed cannot be 
measured accurately, which may 
cause stopping distance increase.
I n   t h e   f o l l o w i n g   c o n d i t i o n s , 
compared with cars without ABS, 
cars equipped with ABS may need a 
longer stopping distance:  

 

y

Driving on the rugged, cobbled or 

snowy road. 

 

y

Driving the car equipped with tire 

chains. 

 

y

Driving on such places as junction 

of roads. 

 

y

Driving on the bumpy or rugged 

road.
Driving with the parking brake 
engaged can reduce braking 
performance.
Before driving, make sure the 
parking brake is fully released and 
the parking brake system indicator 
is off

Disc Brake 
F3DM is equipped with disc brakes. 

Brake pad wear limit Indicators

!

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The brake pad wear limit indicators on 
your front disc brakes gives a warning 
noise when the brake pads are worn to 
where replacement is required 
If you hear alarm sound or friction 
n o i s e   i n   d r i v i n g ,   y o u   s h o u l d 
immediately contact BYD authorized 
service provider for check and replace 
pads. 
Do not continue driving your car when 
there is alarm sound.  

Precautions on Luggage 

Loading 

When carrying luggage or goods by 
the car, follow the instructions below: 
●It  is  recommended  to  load  the 
luggage or goods in the Luggage 
storage box. Make sure all the items 
are fastened in proper place. 
● Keep proper weight balance across 
the car. It is recommended to place 

heavy articles in the front part to keep 
weight balance. 
● Do not load unnecessary items to 
save fuel. 
● Please do not place any inflammable, 
explosive or corrosive articles in the 
car. 
● Please keep the luggage storage box 
clean and dry.
●  Please  keep  the  luggage  storage 
box closed and locked while driving to 
reduce the chance of injury when there 
is an accident or a sudden stop.

Suspension and Chassis 

NOTICE

Do  not  modify  the  suspension/
chassis with lift kits, partition panels, 
springs, etc. It can damage the 
maneuvering performance resulting 
in out of control.

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Chapter 3 

—————————————————————————————

Starting and Driving

Before Starting the DM system ………………………………… 136
Safety Check Before Driving …………………………………… 138
Driving Tips in Various Conditions ……………………………… 140
Driving Tips in Winter ……………………………………………… 141
TowTrailer  ………………………………………………………… 142
How to Save Fuel & Electrical Energy and
Extend Auto Service Life  ………………………………………… .143

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Before Starting the DM 

System 

1.Check if the car is in charging, if so, 
turn off the power, take off the charging 
cable and keep it properly.  
2.Make sure all windows mirrors 
,and outside lights are clean and 
unobstructed .
3.Check the area around the vehicle 
before entering it, such as snows, 
puddle, space and barrier. 
4.Visually check the tires. If a tire looks 
low, use a gauge to check its pressure. 
5.Adjust seat position and height, 
seatback angle, waist-holding angle, 
head restraint height and steering 
wheel angle. 
6.Check the steering wheel adjustment.
(see section 1-3 “Steering  Wheel”).
7.Lock up all doors. 
8.Fasten seat belts. 

How to Start the Car
Please follow the procedures below:
Step 1: Lift the anti-theft system. 
Once you set the anti-theft system 
by pressing “LOCK” on the wireless 
remote control, you must press 
“UNLOCK” to cancel it before driving, 
or you cannot start the car.   
Step 2: Turn the ignition switch to 
“ON”  to  start  the  car,  and  then  the 
instruments will check automatically. 
Before starting the car, make sure the 
transaxle is in “P” or “N”position. 
Step 3: Check if there is any warning 
information on instruments display, If 
yes, please carry out car examination 
refer to section 1-5.
Step 4: Adjust the inside and outside 
rear-view mirrors of the car. 
Step 5: Make sure all doors had been 
lock up and seat belts were fasten.

Step6: Depress the brake pedal and 
shift the transaxle to D or R position. 
And make sure the instruments display 
D or R position.
Step 7: Release the parking brake. 
Step 8: Release the brake pedal    
gradually, and rest your foot on 
accelerator pedal lightly to accelerate 
the vehicle.

NOTICE

Make sure procedure in “Before 
S t a r t i n g   t h e   D M   S y s t e m ”   i s 
performed before starting  the DM 
system

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WARNING

 If the Dual Mode transaxle is in R or 
D, the “OK” light can’t be lightened 
and the Dual Mode can’t work. so 
make sure the transaxle is in “P” 
or“N”  before    turning  the  ignition 
switch to “ON”.

WARNING

When starting the car  on downhill 
slope, to avoid the vehicle  creeping, 
please following the procedures 
below after  performing step 6 :
1.Depress the accelerator pedal 
lightly;
2. Release the parking brake.

If the Car Cannot Start 
Refer to “If the Car Cannot Start” in 
Chapter 4. 

If the Car Is Overheated 
Refer to “If the Car Is Overheated” in 
Chapter 4. 

WARNING

 

y

Do not start the DM system from 

outside, or an accident may 
occur. 

 

y

Be sure to sit on the driver seat, 

and fasten seat belts, then start 
the system when driving. 

WARNING

 

y

 If the system determines that  the 

engine should be started, but it 
does not start normally within 20 
seconds, the system will perform 
automatic protection and start 
the engine again on its own; if 
the engine can not work normally 
after the third start-up, please 
contact BYD authorized dealer 
for repair.

NOTICE

When driving on damp road, it is 
necessary to avoid driving through 
ponding road, as if a large amount 
of water enters the front engine 
compartment,  the  engine  and/or 
electrical parts may be damaged.

!

!

!

!

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Safety Check Before Driving 

Before driving, you had better conduct 
a safety check for the car. Several 
minutes’ check can make for safety 
driving and allow you to enjoy driving. 
If you are unfamiliar with car system, 
you can ask BYD authorized dealer to 
check your car.

NOTICE

If you make safety check in a closed 
garage, make sure the garage has 
good ventilation.

Please pay attention to precautions 
below: 

Vehicle Exterior Conditions
Tire: check if the tire pressure is normal 
and if the tire has any cut, damage or 
excessive wear. 
Wheel  Nuts:  make  sure  there  is  no 
loose or missing nut. 
Leakage: check if there is fuel oil, 
engine oil, antifreeze or other fluid 
leakage under the car after parking. 
(water  dropping  generated  by  air 
conditioner is normal). 
Lighting: make sure all the headlights, 
width-indicator lights, turn signal lights 
and other lights work normally. 
 
Vehicle Interior Conditions
Spare tire, jack and wheel nut wrench: 
check tire pressure and make sure the 
jack and wrench is in place. 
Seat belt: check whether the buckle 
can fasten seat belt firmly. Make sure 

seat belt has no wear or scratching. 
Instruments and Controllers: take 
special care to make sure service 
reminder indicator, instrument lighting l 
and defroster work normally. 
Brake: make sure the pedal has 
enough free space. 

Inside Front Engine Compartment 
Spare Fuse: make sure all types of 
fuses in correspondence with the 
specifications of the original rating 
charge ones are available. 
Antifreeze level: make sure the 
antifreeze level is between the 
maximum and minimum scale marks in 
the reservoir. 
Brake Fluid Level: make sure the brake 
fluid level is between the maximum and 
minimum scale marks in the reservoir. 
Clutch Fluid Level: make sure the fluid 
level is between the maximum and 

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minimum scale marks in the reservoir. 
Auxiliary Battery and Cables: all units 
of the auxiliary battery shall be added 
with the distilled water to the right level. 
Check whether there are corroded 
or loose terminals, and whether the 
battery box has cracks. Check whether 
cables and connection are proper. 
Other Cables: check whether there 
are damaged, loose or disconnected 
cables.
Fuel Pipe: check whether there is 
leakage or bad connection in fuel pipe.

WARNING

 

y

 Do not pile up children’s toys in 

the car, which may post potential 
danger, especially in hard braking 
and collisions, in which case, 
these toys may cause personal 
injury.

 

y

P l e a s e   c h e c k   y o u r   c a r   i n 

ventilated place when the engine 
is running ,or the engine exhaust 
may cause serious injury.

 

y

Avoid burning from hot parts, let 

the engine and exhaust system 
cool down before touching any 
parts.

 

y

Avoid injury from moving parts.

Do not run the engine unless 
instructed to do so.

After Starting Engine (HEV Mode)
Exhaust System: listen to the sound to 
check whether there is any leakage. If 
any leakage, you shall have it repaired 
immediately. (Refer to “Engine Exhaust 
Warning” in Chapter 2.)
Engine Oil Level: shut down the engine 
and stop the car on flat ground, then 
check oil level with a dipstick.  (Refer 
to description in Section 7-2.)

In Driving 
Instruments: make sure the indicators 
and speedometer work normally. 
Brake: under safe traffic conditions, 
make sure braking does not result in 
deviation of the car. 
Other Abnormalities: check whether 
t h e r e   i s   a n y   l e a k a g e   o r   l o o s e 
connection,  abnormal noises and 
other abnormalities. 

!

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Driving Tips In Various 

Conditions

● Driving slowly in gusty crosswinds, 
which is helpful for better control.  
● Driving the car slowly onto curbs at a 
right angle.. Avoid driving onto any high 
sharp-objects and other road hazards. 
Otherwise the tires may suffer severe 
damage such as burst. 
●Slow down vehicle speed on bumpy 
or rugged roads. Otherwise the impact 
could cause severe damage to the 
tires and/or wheels. 
●Washing the car or driving through  
deep water  may get brakes wet  To 
see whether they are wet, check that 
there is no traffic near you and press 
the brake pedal lightly. If you do not 
feel a normal braking force, the brakes 
are probably wet. To dry the brakes, 
slightly step on the braking pedal while 
driving the car carefully with parking 

brake applied. If they stilldo not work 
safely, pull to the side of the road and 
call your BYD authorized dealer for 
assistance.

WARNING

 

y

Make sure that parking brake is 

released fully and the parking 
brake indicator is off before 
driving.

 

y

There is a high  voltage battery  

pack at chassis ,please drive  
with  caution when  wading.

 

y

Do not rest your foot on brake 

pedal while driving, It can cause 
dangerous overheating, needless 
wear and poor fuel economy. 

 

y

When  driving  down  a  long  or 

steep hill at high speed, you can 
switch to HEV mode and brake 
with the motor braking. 

 

y

Please note that the brake will 

be overheated and function 
abnormally if you steps on the 
brake pedal too frequently.

 

y

Be sure to operate the shift gear 

after the vehicle stops steadily. 
And to avoid accident, never put 
your foot on the accelerator pedal 
while shifting.

 

y

In slippery road require special 

caution , Sudden acceleration or 
emergency braking could cause 
the vehicle to spin or skid.

 

y

When  the  brake  is  wet,  do  not 

continue driving, as wet brake 
requires a longer braking distance 
and may cause deviation of the 
direction of the car. Also, in this 
case parking brake can not hold 
the vehicle securely.

!

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y

Be sure to put the DM transaxle in 

“P”, apply parking brake, shut off 
the DM system and remove the 
ignition key  when you leave your 
car . Or the vehicle will creep and  
start abruptly with the accelerator 
p e d a l   b e i n g   d e p r e s s e d   b y 
mistake. This may cause rapid 
acceleration, and lead to death or 
serious injury.

Driving Tips in Winter

Make sure you have a proper freeze 
protection for engine coolant. 
You are required to use the antifreeze 
specified by BYD and select the 
proper model according to the ambient 
temperature. 
Improper use of antifreeze may 
damage the system components 
needed to be cooled, such as engine 

and electric motor power.

NOTICE

Do not use plain water, which may 
damage the system components 
needed to be cooled, such as 
engine and electric motor power.

Checking the Auxiliary Battery 
Cold temperatures may reduce the 
capacity of the auxiliary battery and 
power battery, so it must be in top 
shape to provide enough power for 
winter   starting. Visually check the 
auxiliary battery is described in section 
7-3. BYD authorized dealer can check 
charging level of the auxiliary battery 
and power battery for you. 

Make sure viscosity of the engine oil is 
suitable for the cold weather.
Please refer to section 7-2 for information 
on recommended viscosity of engine 
oil. Leaving a large volume of summer 
oil in the engine in winter, may cause 
harder starting. If you are not sure about 
which oil to use, please contact BYD 
authorized dealer for help.  

Avoid Door Lock Freezing 
Spray some deicing agent or glycerin 
into the door lock hole to prevent the 
lock from freezing 

U s e   a   w a s h e r   f l u i d   c o n t a i n i n g   
antifreeze solution.
Such products are available in BYD 
authorized dealers and all auto part 
stores. Follow the manufacturer’s 
direction for how much to mix with 
water 

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NOTICE

Don’t use engine antifreeze or 
other substitutes as washing 
liquid, because it may damage the 
vehicle’s paint.

In case the parking brake may be 
frozen, you’d better not drive your car 
immediately until the parking brake 
gets unfrozen. 
When parking, push the “P” position 
switch and block the rear wheels or the 
wheels which may lead to sliding of 
the car. Do not use the parking brake, 
for snow or water accumulated in and 
around the parking brake mechanism 
may freeze, making it hard to release..  
Prevent ice and snow from 
accumulating under the fenders. 
Ice and snow built up under your 

fenders can make steering difficult. 
During extreme winter driving, stop and 
check under the fenders occasionally. 
Depending on where you are driving, 
we recommend you carry some 
emergency equipment.
Some of the things you might put in 
the vehicle are tire chains, window 
scraper, bag of sand or salt, flares, 
small shovel, jumper cables, etc.

WARNING

Be careful when running on a 
slippery surface,because it may 
cause your stopping distance 
become longer and abrupt shifting 
could cause the vehicle  spin or 
skid. Therefore, it’s necessary to 
avoid speeding up, emergency 
braking and the high-speed while 
driving in this condition.

Tow Trailer 

BYD F3DM is designed for 
transportation of passengers. Towing a 
trailer may pose bad effect to operation, 
performance, braking, endurance and 
fuel economy (fuel consumption) of 
the car. Safety and comfort in driving 
depends on the proper use of device 
and driver’s good habit in careful 
driving. For your and others’ safety, do 
not over load the car or tow a trailer. 
Damage or failure caused by towing 
a trailer for business purpose is not 
covered by BYD warranty.

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WARNNING

 

y

In towing a trailer, do not exceed 

the maximum rated load of the 
hook, or it may cause accident 
and severe personal injury. 

 

y

As towing a trailer may require a 

longer braking distance, you shall 
maintain a safe distance with 
other vehicles. At the speed of 10 
km/h, the interval between your 
car and the vehicle in front of you 
shall be no less than the total 
length of your car and the trailer. 
Avoid hard braking to prevent the 
car from skidding, which may get 
the car out of control. 

Tire 
●Make sure the tire pressure is proper. 
Refer to description in section 7-2.

Maintenance 
●For a new auto or an auto with new 
driving system parts (engine, electric 
motor power, transmission, differential 
mechanism, wheel bearing, driving 
shaft, etc.), do not tow any trailer in the 
first 2000 km travel.
●When towing a trailer, the increased 
load requires more frequent 
maintenance of the car.

How to Save Fuel & Electrical 

Energy and Extend Auto 

Service Life 

Improving fuel and electrical energy 
is easy –just take it easy .It will make 
your vehicle last longer too. Here are 
some specific tips on how to save 
money on fuel and electrical energy as 
well as repairs

●Keep your tires inflate at the correct 
pressure. Improper inflation pressure 
cause tire wear and wastes fuel and 
electrical energy. Refer to description 
in section 7-2. 
●  Do  not  carry  unneeded  weight  in 
your    vehicle.  Excess  weight  put  a 
heavier load on the engine, causing 
greater   fuel consumption.
●Accelerate  slowly  and  smoothly. 
Avoid rapid acceleration when starting 
the vehicle. 
●Avoid  unnecessary  stopping  or 
braking. Maintain a steady pace. Drive 
according to the indication of traffic 
signaling lights or drive on the road 
free from traffic signaling lights. Keep 
proper distance from other vehicles. It 
will also reduce wear on your brakes..
●Avoid  heavy  traffic  or  traffic  jams  
whenever possible. 
●Maintain  a  moderate  speed  on 

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highways. The faster you drive, the 
greater fuel consumption. By reducing 
your speed, you can cut down on fuel 
consumption. 
●Keep  the  Front  Wheels  in  Proper 
Alignment. Improper alignment not 
only cause faster tire wear, but also put 
extra load on the engine, which in turn 
waste fuel.
●To  increase  driving  comfort  and 
safety, avoid hitting the curbstone and 
slow down on rough roads. 
●Keep the chassis clean and free of 
mud etc. It helps lessen the vehicle 
weight and prevent corrosion. 
●Adjust  and  Keep  Vehicle  at  Best 
Performance. A dirty air cleaner, 
improper valve clearance, dirty 
plugs, dirty oil and grease, brakes 
not adjusted etc. all lower engine 
performance contribute to poor fuel 
economy. For longer life of all parts 

and lower operation costs, keep 
all maintenance work on schedule, 
and if you often drive under severe 
conditions, see that your vehicle 
receives more frequent maintenance.
(Refer to Chapter 6)

WARNING

If you do not use the vehicle for a 
long time (2 weeks or more), the 
power battery and auxiliary battery 
will discharge and their power will 
decrease. Therefore, in order to 
make up for the discharging, you 
can take either of the following 
methods to charge the batteries 
once every two weeks:
1.using charge device 
2. Starting the DM system for 
about 30 minutes with all electrical 
components turned off.

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