FANUC Series 0i-MODEL D, Series 0i Mate-MODEL D. For Machining Center System USER’S MANUAL - page 7

 

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FANUC Series 0i-MODEL D, Series 0i Mate-MODEL D. For Machining Center System USER’S MANUAL - page 7

 

 

6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Tool movement around the outside corner at an obtuse angle (90°≤α<180°)
Linear→Linear
(Linear
connection type)
α
Workpiece
L
Programmed path
S
Intersection
L
Tool center path
Linear→Circular
(Linear
connection type)
α
Work-
L
r
piece
S L
C
Intersection
Tool center path Programmed path
Circular→Linear
(Linear connection type)
α
Workpiece
Programmed path
r
C
L
Intersection S
L
Tool center path
6
Circular→Circular
(Linear
connection type)
α
Programmed path
r
Work-
r
piece
C
Tool center
L
path
S
L
Intersection
C
- 166 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
Linear→Linear
(Circular
connection type)
α
Workpiece
L
r
Programmed path
r
C
S
L
Tool center path
Linear→Circular
(Circular
connection type)
α
r
Work-
L
r
piece
C
S
C
Tool center path
Programmed path
Circular→Linear
(Circular
connection type)
α
Workpiece
Programmed path
r
r
C
C
S
L
Tool center path
Circular→Circular
(Circular
connection type)
α
Programmed path
r
Work-
r
piece
C
Tool center path
C
S
C
- 167 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Tool movement around the outside corner at an acute angle (α<90°)
Linear→Linear
(Linear
connection type)
L
Workpiece
α
r
L
Programmed path
r
L
S
L
L
Tool center path
Linear→Circular
(Linear
connection type)
L
r
α
L
Work-
r
piece
L
S
L
C
Programmed path
Tool center path
Circular→Linear
(Linear
connection type)
C
Workpiece
α
r
L
Programmed path
r
L
S
L
L
Tool center path
Circular→Circular
(Linear
connection type)
C
α
r
L
Work-
r
piece
L
S
L
C
Tool center path
Programmed path
- 168 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
Linear→Linear
(Circular
connection type)
L
Workpiece
r
α
Programmed path
r
C
S
L
Tool center path
Linear→Circular
(Circular
connection type)
L
α
r
r
Work-
piece
C
S
C
Programmed path
Tool center path
Circular→Linear
(Circular
connection type)
C
Workpiece
r
α
Programmed path
r
C
S
L
Tool center path
Circular→Circular
(Circular
connection type)
C
r
α
Work-
r
piece
C
S
C
Tool center path
Programmed path
- 169 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- When it is exceptional
End point for the arc is not on the arc
If the end of a line leading to an arc is not on the arc as illustrated
below, the system assumes that the cutter compensation has been
executed with respect to an imaginary circle that has the same center
as the arc and passes the specified end point. Based on this
assumption, the system creates a vector and carries out compensation.
The same description applies to tool movement between two circular
paths.
End the arc
Work-
piece
Imaginary circle
Programmed path
r
r
Tool center path
r
C
L
L
Center of the arc
L S
There is no inner intersection
If the cutter compensation value is sufficiently small, the two circular
tool center paths made after compensation intersect at a position (P).
Intersection P may not occur if an excessively large value is specified
for cutter compensation. When this is predicted, PS0033 occurs at
the end of the previous block and the tool is stopped.
In the Example shown below, tool center paths along arcs A and B
intersect at P when a sufficiently small value is specified for cutter
compensation. If an excessively large value is specified, this
intersection does not occur.
Alarm occurs and the tool stops
When the cutter compensation
value is large
When the cutter compensation
value is small
Center of the arc B
Center of the arc A
Programmed path
r
r
Arc A
Arc B
P
- 170 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- When the center of the arc is identical with the start point or the end point
If the center of the arc is identical with the start point or end point,
PS0041 is displayed, and the tool will stop at the start point of the
preceding block of the arc.
(G41)
N5 G91 G01 X50.0 ;
Tool center path
N6 X50.0 ;
N7 G02 X100.0 I0 J0 ;
Alarm is displayed and the
N8 G01 Y-100.0 ;
tool stops
N5
N6
N7
Programmed path
N8
- Change in the offset direction in the offset mode
The offset direction is decided by G codes (G41 and G42) for cutter
compensation and the sign of the compensation value as follows.
Sign of compensation
+
-
G code
G41
Left side offset
Right side offset
G42
Right side offset
Left side offset
The offset direction can be changed in the offset mode. If the offset
direction is changed in a block, a vector is generated at the
intersection of the tool center path of that block and the tool center
path of a preceding block.
However, the change is not available in the start-up block and the
block following it.
- 171 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Tool center path with an intersection
Linear→Linear
Workpiece
S
G42
L
Intersection
r
r
Programmed path
L
G41
Workpiece
Tool center path
Linear→Circular
C
r
Workpiece
G41
G42
Programmed path
r
Workpiece
Intersection
Tool center path
L
S
Circular→Linear
Workpiece
G42
Programmed path
r
Tool center path
C
L
S
Intersection
r
G41
Workpiece
Circular→Circular
C
Workpiece
G42
r
Programmed path
r
G41
C
Tool center path
Workpiece
S
Intersection
- 172 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- Tool center path without an intersection
When changing the offset direction in block A to block B using G41
and G42, if intersection with the offset path is not required, the vector
normal to block B is created at the start point of block B.
Linear→Linear
S
L
W orkpiece
r
(G42)
Programmed path
G42
G41
B
A
L
W orkpiece
r
Tool center path
L
S
G42
Programmed path
G41
r
Tool center path
S
L
Linear→Circular
Intersection
S
L
L
Tool center path
A
(G41)
B
G42
(G41)
r
Programmed path
S
Circular→Circular
C
S
An arc whose end position
r
is not on the arc
C
G41
(G42)
Programmed path
(G42)
r
r
C
S
L
L
Center
Center
Tool center path
- 173 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- The length of tool center path larger than the circumference of a circle
Normally there is almost no possibility of generating this situation.
However, when G41 and G42 are changed, or when a G40 was
commanded with address I, J, and K this situation can occur.
In this case of the figure, the cutter compensation is not performed
with more than one circle circumference: an arc is formed from P1 to
P2 as shown. Depending on the circumstances, an alarm may be
displayed due to the item, "Interference Check" described later.
To
execute a circle with more than one circumference, the circle must be
specified in segments.
Tool center path Programmed path
N5
N7
P1
P2
(G42)
N5 G01 G91 X500.0 Y-700.0 ;
N6
N6 G41 G02 J-500.0 ;
N7 G42 G01 X500.0 Y700.0 ;
- 174 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- Cutter compensation G code in the offset mode
The offset vector can be set to form a right angle to the moving
direction in the previous block, irrespective of machining inner or
outer side, by commanding the cutter compensation G code (G41,
G42) in the offset mode, independently. If this code is specified in a
circular command, correct circular motion will not be obtained.
When the direction of offset is expected to be changed by the
command of cutter compensation G code (G41, G42), see "Change in
the offset direction in the offset mode".
Linear→Linear
A block specified by G42
G42 mode
r
L
L
Tool center path
S
Intersection
Circular→Linear
A block specified by G42
r
G42 mode
L
C
S
Intersection
Programmed path
- 175 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Command canceling the offset vector temporarily
During offset mode, if G92 (workpiece coordinate system setting) or
G52 (local coordinate system setting) is commanded, the offset vector
is temporarily cancelled and thereafter offset mode is automatically
restored.
In this case, without movement of offset cancel, the tool moves
directly from the intersecting point to the commanded point where
offset vector is canceled.
Also when restored to offset mode, the tool moves directly to the
intersecting point.
S
S
L
L
L
L
Tool center path
S
N6
N5
N8
Programmed path
N7
G92 block
(G41)
N5 G01 X700.0 Y300.0 ;
N6 X600.0 Y-300.0 ;
N7 G92 X200.0 Y100.0 ;
N8 G01 X800.0 Y400.0 ;
Before specifying G28 (reference position return), G29 (movement
from reference position), G30 (second, third, and fourth reference
position return), and G53
(machine coordinate system selection)
commands, cancel offset mode, using G40. If an attempt is made to
specify any of the commands in offset mode, the offset vector
temporarily disappears.
- 176 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- If I, J, and K are specified in a G00/G01 mode block
At the start of cutter compensation or in that mode, by specifying I, J,
and K in a positioning mode (G00) or linear interpolation mode (G01)
block, it is possible to set the compensation vector at the end point of
that block in the direction vertical to that specified by I, J, and K.
This makes it possible to change the compensation direction
intentionally.
IJ type vector (XY plane)
The following explains the compensation vector (IJ type vector) to be
created on the XY compensation plane (G17 mode).
(The same
explanation applies to the KI type vector on the G18 plane and the JK
type vector on the G19 plane.) As shown in the figure below, it is
assumed that the compensation vector (IJ type vector) is the vector
with a size equal to the compensation value and vertical to the
direction specified by I and J, without performing intersection
calculation on the programmed path. I and J can be specified both at
the start of cutter compensation and in that mode. If they are
specified at the start of compensation, any start-up type set in the
appropriate parameter will be invalid, and an IJ type vector is
assumed.
Offset vector direction
In G41 mode, the direction specified by I, J, and K is assumed an
imaginary tool movement direction, and an offset vector is created
vertical to that direction and on the left side.
Compensation vector
I, J, K
In G42 mode, the direction specified by I, J, and K is assumed an
imaginary tool movement direction, and an offset vector is created
vertical to that direction and on the right side.
I, J, K
Compensation vector
- 177 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
Example
If I and J are specified at the start of compensation (with
tool movement)
N50
N40
(G40)
N30
N60
N10 G91 G41 X100.0 Y100.0
N20
I1 D1 ;
N20 G04 X1000 ;
D1
Tool center path
N30 G01 F1000 ;
N10
N40 S300 ;
N50 M50 ;
Programmed path
N60 X150. ;
Note) In N10, a vector is
specified with a size of D1
in the direction vertical to
the X axis, using I1.
If I and J are specified at the start of compensation
(without tool movement)
(G40)
N30
N10 G41 I1 D1 ;
N20 G91 X100. Y100. ;
Tool nose radius
N30 X150. ;
center path
N20
Note) In N10, a vector is
Programmed path
specified with a size
of D1 in the direction
N10
vertical to the X axis,
using I1.
D1
If I and J are specified at the start of compensation (with
tool movement)
(G17 G41 G91 D1)
N10 G00 X150. J50. ;
N20 G02 I50. ;
(I,J)
N30 G00 X-150. ;
<2>
Note) In N10, a vector is specified
N10
N20
with a size of D1 in the
N30
direction vertical to the Y axis,
<1>
using J50.
<2>
<1> IJ type vector
<2> Vector determined with
intersection calculation
Tool center path
Programmed path
Path determined with
intersection calculation
- 178 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
If I and J are specified in a block without tool movement in
compensation mode
N30
N40
Tool center
S S
path
Start-up/cancel type C
N20
N50
N10 G41 D1 G01 F1000 ;
(I, J)
N20 G91 X100. Y100. ;
Programmed path
N30 I10. ;
N40 X150. ;
N50 G40 ;
N10
D1
Limitation
If an IJ type vector is specified, tool interference may occur due to that
vector alone, depending on the direction. If this occurs, no
interference alarm will occur, or no interference avoidance will be
performed. Overcutting may, therefore, result.
Overcutting
(I, J)
Start-up/cancel
Type C
N40
N30
Programmed
N10 G42 D1 F1000 ;
N20
path
N20 G91 X100. ;
N30 X100. Y-100. I10. ;
N10
N50
N40 X100. Y-100. ;
N50 G40 ;
Tool center path
- A block without tool movement
The following blocks have no tool movement. In these blocks, the
tool will not move even if cutter compensation is effected.
M05 ;
:
M code output
S21 ;
:
S code output
G04 X10.0 ;
:
Dwell
G22 X100000 ;
:
Machining area setting
G10 L11 P01 R10.0 ;
:
Cutter compensation value setting/changing
(G17) Z200.0 ;
:
Move command not included in the offset plane.
G90 ;, O10 ;, N20 ;
:
G, O, and N codes only
G91 X0 ;
:
Move distance is zero.
- 179 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- A block without tool movement specified in offset mode
Unless the number of blocks without movement consecutively
specified is more than N-2 blocks (where N is the number of blocks to
read in offset mode (parameter No. 19625)) in offset mode, the vector
and the tool center path will be as usual. This block is executed at
the single block stop point.
N6 G91 X100.0 Y100.0 ;
N7
N8
Programmed path
N7 G04 X10.0 ;
N8 X100.0 ;
N6
L
Tool center path
SS
L
Block N7 is executed here.
For an axis command for which the move distance is zero, however, a
vector with a size equal to the compensation value will be created
vertical to the movement direction in the previous block, even if the
number of block is 1. Note that specifying such a command may
result in overcutting.
N6 G91 X100.0 Y100.0 ;
N7
N8
N7 X0 ;
Programed path
N8 X100.0 ;
N6
L
Tool center path
SS
L
In offset mode, the number of blocks without movement consecutively
specified must not exceed N-2 (where N is the number of blocks to
read in offset mode
(parameter
(No. 19625)). If commanded, a
vector whose length is equal to the offset value is produced in a
normal direction to tool motion in earlier block, so overcutting may
result.
N6 G91 X100.0 Y100.0 ;
N7,N8
N9
N7 S21 ;
Programmed path
N8 G04 X10.0 ;
N9 X100.0 ;
(No. of blocks to read in
N6
offset mode = 3)
L
Tool center path
SSS
L Blocks N7 and N8 are executed here.
- 180 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- If an M/G code that suppresses buffering is specified
If an M/G code that suppresses buffering is specified in offset mode, it
is no longer possible to read and analyze subsequent blocks regardless
of the number of blocks to read in offset mode, which is determined
by parameter
(No.
19625). Then, intersection calculation and a
interference check, described later, are no longer possible. If this
occurs, overcutting may occur because a vertical vector is output in
the immediately preceding block.
If an M code (M50) that suppresses buffering is not specified
(G42)
N6
N5 G91 G01 X40.0 Y40.0 ;
Programmed path
N6 X40.0 ;
:
:
N5
L
Tool center path
S
L
Intersection
If an M code (M50) that suppresses buffering is specified
(G42)
N6
N7
Programmed path
N5 G91 G01 X40.0 Y40.0 ;
N6 M50 ;
N7 X40.0 ;
:
N5
L
:
Tool center path
SS
L
Block N6 is executed here.
- 181 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Corner movement
When two or more offset vectors are produced at the end of a block,
the tool moves linearly from one vector to another. This movement
is called the corner movement.
If these vectors almost coincide with each other (the distance of corner
movement between the vectors is judged short due to the setting of
parameter (No. 5010)), corner movement is not performed. In this
case, the vector to the single block stop point takes precedence and
remains, while other vectors are ignored. This makes it possible to
ignore the very small movements arising from performing cutter
compensation, thereby preventing velocity changes due to interruption
of buffering.
This vector is ignored, if
VX
VX Vlimit and
VY Vlimit
VY
r
S
r
The vector to the single block
stop point remains even if
N1
VX Vlimit and VY Vlimit.
N1
Tool center path
N2
Programmed path
Vlimit is determined with the setting of parameter (No. 5010).
If the vectors are not judged to almost coincide (therefore, are not
erased), movement to turn around the corner is performed. The
corner movement that precedes the single block stop point belongs to
the previous block, while the corner movement that succeeds the
single block stop point belongs to the latter block.
This move belongs to block N6, thus, the feedrate is equal
to that in block N6.
S
This move belongs to block N7, thus, the
feedrate is equal to that in block N7.
N6
N7
However, if the path of the next block is semicircular or more, the
above function is not performed.
- 182 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
The reason for this is as follows:
P2 P3 P4 P5
N4 G41 G91 G01 X150.0 Y200.0 ;
N5 X150.0 Y200.0 ;
N6 G02 J-600.0 ;
N7 G01 X150.0 Y-200.0 ;
P1
P6
N8 G40 X150.0 Y-200.0 ;
N5 N7
N4
N8
N6
Programmed path
Tool center path
If the vector is not ignored, the tool path is as follows:
P1 P2 P3 (Circle) P4 P5 P6
But if the distance between P2 and P3 is negligible, the point P3 is
ignored. Therefore, the tool path is as follows:
P2 P4
Namely, circle cutting by the block N6 is ignored.
- Interruption of manual operation
For manual operation during the offset mode, see "Manual Absolute
ON and OFF."
- 183 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
6.6.4
Tool Movement in Offset Mode Cancel
Explanation
- If the cancel block is a block with tool movement, and the tool moves around the
inside (180° α)
Linear→Linear
Workpiece
α
Programmed path
r
G40
L
S
Tool center path
L
Circular→Linear
α
Work-
piece
r
G40
S
C
L
Programmed path
Tool center path
- 184 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- If the cancel block is a block with tool movement, and the tool moves around the
outside at an obtuse angle (90° α < 180°)
Tool path has two types A and B, and they are selected by parameter
SUP (No.5003#0).
Linear→Linear
G40
Workpiece
α
Programmed path
L
r
Tool center path L
S
Type
A
Circular→Linear
G40
α
L
Work-
piece
r
S
C
Programmed path
Tool center path
Linear→Linear
(Linear
connection type)
G40
Workpiece
α
L
Programmed path
r
Tool center path
Intersection
L
S
Type
B
Circular→Linear
(Linear
connection type)
G40
α
L
Work-
r
piece
r
S
C
Inter-
L
section
L
Programmed path
Tool center path
- 185 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
LinearLinear
(Circular
connection type)
G40
Workpiece
α
L
Programmed path
r
C S
Tool center path
Type
B
CircularLinear
(Circular
connection type)
G40
α
L
Work-
r
piece
r
C S
C
Programmed path
Tool center path
- 186 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- If the cancel block is a block with tool movement, and the tool moves around the
outside at an acute angle (α<90°)
Tool path has two types A and B, and they are selected by parameter
SUP (No.5003#0).
Linear→Linear
G40
W orkpiece
L
α
Programmed path
G42
r
Tool center path
L
S
Type
A
Circular→Linear
G40
L
α
W ork-
r
piece
G42
S
C
Tool center path
Programmed path
Linear→Linear
(Linear
connection type)
L
W orkpiece
G40
α
r
L
Programmed path
S
r
L
Tool center path
L
L
Type
B
Circular→Linear
L
(Linear
connection type)
α
r
L
S
W ork-
r
piece
L
L
C
Tool center path
Programmed path
- 187 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
Linear→Linear
(Circular
connection type)
L
S
Workpiece
G40
α
r
Programmed path
r
C
Tool center path
L
Type
B
Circular→Linear
L
(Circular
connection type)
S
α
r
C
Work-
r
piece
C
S
Tool center path
Programmed path
- If the cancel block is a block with tool movement, and the tool moves around the
outside at an acute angle of 1 degree or less in a linear linear manner (α≤1°)
S
Tool center path
L
L
r
Programmed path
(G42)
1° or less
G40
- 188 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- A block without tool movement specified together with offset cancel
For types A and B
In the block preceding the cancel block, a vector is created with a
size equal to the cutter compensation value in the vertical
direction. The tool does not operate in the cancel block. The
remaining vectors are canceled with the next move command.
N6 G91 X100.0 Y100.0 ;
N7
N8
N7 G40 ;
N8 X130.0 ;
N6
L
Programmed path
SS
L
Tool center path
For type C
The tool shifts by the compensation value in the direction vertical
to the block preceding the cancel block.
α
Programmed path
Tool center path
S
G40 (without
movement)
L
L
S
- 189 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Block containing G40 and I_J_K_
The previous block contains G41 or G42
If a G41 or G42 block precedes a block in which G40 and I_, J_, K_
are specified, the system assumes that the path is programmed as a
path from the end point determined by the former block to a vector
determined by (I,J), (I,K), or (J,K). The direction of compensation in
the former block is inherited.
N1 (G42 mode) ;
In the N1 block, the tool nose radius center moves
towards P.
N2 G40 Xa Yb I_ J_ ;
In the N2 block, the tool nose radius moves towards E.
E(a, b)
(I, J)
G40
N2
P
Tool center path
S
N1
r
r
(G42) Programamed path
Workpiece
In this case, note that the CNC obtains an intersection of the tool path
irrespective of whether inner or outer side machining is specified.
E
G40
P
Tool center path
S
r
Programmed path
(G42)
r
(I, J)
When an intersection is not obtainable, the tool comes to the normal
position to the previous block at the end of the previous block.
E
P
G40
Tool center path
S
r
(G42) Programmed path
(I, J)
r
- 190 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- Length of the tool center path larger than the circumference of a circle
In the Example shown below, the tool does not trace the circle more
than once. It moves along the arc from P1 to P2. The interference
check function described below may raise an alarm.
To make the tool trace a circle more than once, program two or more
arcs.
P1
Tool center path
P2
N7
Programmed path
N5
(I, J)
N6
(G41)
N5 G01 G91 X100.0 ;
N6 G02 J-60.0 ;
N7 G40 G01 X50.0 Y50.0 I-10.0 J-10.0 ;
- 191 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
6.6.5
Prevention of Overcutting Due to Cutter Compensation
Explanation
- Machining a groove smaller than the diameter of the tool
Since the cutter compensation forces the tool center path to move in
the reverse of the programmed direction, overcutting will result. In
this case an alarm is displayed and the CNC stops at the start of the
block.
An alarm is displayed and
Tool center path
the operation stops
Programmed path
Workpiece
Overcutting if the operation would not stop
Fig. 6.6.5 (a) Machining a groove smaller than the diameter of the tool
- 192 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
- Machining a step smaller than the tool radius
For a figure in which a workpiece step is specified with an arc, the
tool center path will be as shown in Fig. 6.6.5 (b). If the step is
smaller than the tool radius, the tool center path usually compensated
as shown in Fig. 6.6.5 (c) may be in the direction opposite to the
programmed path. In this case, the first vector is ignored, and the
tool moves linearly to the second vector position. The single block
operation is stopped at this point. If the machining is not in the
single block mode, the cycle operation is continued.
If the step is of linear, no alarm will be generated and cut correctly.
However uncut part will remain.
Single block stop point
S
Tool center path
Programmed path
S
Arc center
Workpiece
Fig. 6.6.5 (b) Machining a step larger than the tool radius
Single block stop point
Linear movement
S
Tool center path
Path to be taken if
the
Programmed path
vector is not ignored
The first vector is ignored
Arc center
Arc
Workpiece
An overcutting will result if the first vector is not ignored.
However, tool moves linearly.
Fig. 6.6.5 (c) Machining a step smaller than the tool radius
- 193 -
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
PROGRAMMING
B-64304EN-2/01
- Starting compensation and cutting along the Z-axis
It is usually used such a method that the tool is moved along the Z
axis after the cutter compensation (normally XY plane) is effected at
some distance from the workpiece at the start of the machining. In
the case above, if it is desired to divide the motion along the Z axis
into rapid traverse and cutting feed, follow the procedure below.
Let us consider the following program, assuming the number of blocks
to read in cutter compensation mode (parameter (No. 19625)) to be 3.
N1 G91 G00 G41 X500.0 Y500.0 D1 ;
N3 G01 Z-300.0 F100 ;
N6 Y1000.0 F200 ;
After compensation
Workpiece
N6
N3:Move command in Z axis (one block)
N1
In the program example above, when executing block N1, blocks N3
and N6 are also entered into the buffer storage, and by the relationship
among them the correct compensation is performed as in the figure
above.
Then, suppose that the block N3 (move command in Z axis) is divided
into N3 and N5.
N1 G91 G00 G41 X500.0 Y500.0 D1 ;
N3 G01 Z-250.0 ;
N5 G01 Z-50.0 F100 ;
N6 Y1000.0 F200 ;
After compensation
Workpiece
N6
N3, N5:Move command for the Z axis (two blocks)
N1
At this time, because the number of blocks to read is 3, blocks up to
N5 can be read at the start of N1 compensation, but block N6 cannot
be read. As a result, compensation is performed only on the basis of
the information in block N1, and a vertical vector is created at the end
of the compensation start block. Usually, therefore, overcutting will
result as shown in the figure above.
- 194 -
B-64304EN-2/01
PROGRAMMING
6.COMPENSATION FUNCTION
In such a case, it is possible to prevent overcutting by specifying a
command with the exactly the same direction as the advance direction
immediately before movement along the Z axis beforehand, after the
tool is moved along the Z axis using the above rule.
N1 G91 G00 G41 X500.0 Y400.0 D1 ;
N2 Y100.0 ;
N3 Z-250.0 ;
N5 G01 Z-50.0 F100 ;
N6 Y1000.0 F200 ;
After compensation
N6
W orkpiece
N3, N5 : Move command for the Z axis (2 blocks)
N2
N1
As the block with sequence N2 has the move command in the same
direction as that of the block with sequence N6, the correct
compensation is performed.
Alternatively, it is possible to prevent overcutting in the same way by
specifying an IJ type vector with the same direction as the advance
direction in the start-up block, as in N1 G91 G00 G41 X500. Y500. I0
J1 D1;, after the tool has moved along the Z axis.
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