|
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Transportation
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Std 1104 *
Limit state design has been incorporated into the document to provide a
Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities-Russian
uniform factor of safety with respect to rupture or burst failure as the primary
design condition independent of the pipe diameter, wall thickness, and grade.
Russian translation of Std 1104.
The criteria contained in this document are intended to permit the economical
22nd Edition | July 2021 | Product Number: D110422R | Price: $410.00
transportation of hydrocarbons while providing for the safety of life and
property and the protection of the environment. The general adoption of these
RP 1109
criteria should assure that offshore hydrocarbon pipelines possess the
requisite structural integrity for their safe and efficient operation. Pages: 78
Line Markers and Signage for Hazardous Liquid Pipelines and
Facilities
5th Edition | September 2015 | Reaffirmed: January 2021
Product Number: D11115 | Price: $152.00
Addresses the permanent marking of liquid petroleum pipeline
transportation facilities. It covers the design, message, installation,
RP 1115
placement, inspection, and maintenance of markers and signs on pipeline
facilities located onshore and at inland waterway crossings. Markers and
Design and Operation of Solution-Mined Salt Caverns Used for
signs indicate the presence of a pipeline facility and warn of the potential
Liquid Hydrocarbon Storage
hazards associated with its presence and operation. The markers and signs
Provides guidance on the design and operation of solution-mined
may contain information to be used by the public when reporting
underground hydrocarbon liquid or liquefied petroleum gas storage facilities.
emergencies and seeking assistance in determining the precise location of a
It is intended for cavern engineers, supervisors, and all persons involved in
buried pipeline.
liquid cavern operations. This recommended practice is based on the
The provisions of this recommended practice cover the minimum marker and
accumulated knowledge and experience of geologists, engineers, and other
sign requirements for liquid petroleum pipeline facilities. Alternative markers,
personnel in the petroleum industry. All aspects of solution-mined liquid
which are recommended for some locations under certain circumstances,
hydrocarbon underground storage design and operation are covered,
are also discussed. The pipeline operator is responsible for determining the
including site selection, cavern development, cavern hydraulics, brine
extent of pipeline marking. Consideration should be given to the
facilities, wellhead and hanging strings, cavern testing, and cavern
consequences of pipeline failure or damage; hazardous characteristics of the
abandonment. A section on risk management is included. Pages: 112
commodity being transported; and the pipeline's proximity to industrial,
2nd Edition | November 2018 | Product Number: D11152 | Price: $164.00
commercial, residential, and environmentally sensitive areas. The pipeline
marking programs are also integral parts of the pipeline operator's
RP 1117
maintenance and emergency plans.
Recommended Practice for Movement in In-Service Pipelines
This recommended practice is not intended to be applied retroactively. Its
(includes Errata 1 dated December 2008 and Errata 2 dated
recommendations are for new construction and for normal marker
August 2009)
maintenance programs subsequent to the effective date of this edition.
Covers the design, execution, inspection, and safety of a pipeline-lowering or
Pages: 24
other movement operation conducted while the pipeline is in service. (In this
5th Edition | October 2017 | Product Number: D11095 | Price: $107.00
document, the terms lowering and movement can be used interchangeably.)
This recommended practice presents general guidelines for conducting a
RP 1110
pipeline-movement operation without taking the pipeline out of service. It
Pressure Testing of Steel Pipelines for the Transportation of Gas,
also presents equations for estimating the induced stresses. To promote the
Petroleum Gas, Hazardous Liquids, Highly Volatile Liquids, or Carbon
safety of the movement operation, it describes stress limits and procedures.
Dioxide
Additionally, it outlines recommendations to protect the pipeline against
damage. The practicality and safety of trench types, support systems, and
Applies to all parts of a pipeline or pipeline facility including line pipe, pump
lowering or other methods are considered. Inspection procedures and
station piping, terminal piping, compressor station piping, metering station
limitations are presented. Pages: 46
piping, delivery station piping, regulator station piping, appurtenances
connected to line pipe, appurtenances connected to facility piping,
3rd Edition | July 2008 | Reaffirmed: March 2018
fabricated assemblies, valves, tees, elbows, reducers, flanges, and any other
Product Number: D11173 | Price: $143.00
pipeline equipment or appurtenances. This RP does not apply to pumping
units, compressor units, breakout tanks, pressure vessels, control piping,
RP 1130
sample piping, instrument piping/tubing, or any component or piping
Computational Pipeline Monitoring for Liquids
system for which other codes specify pressure testing requirements (i.e.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, piping systems covered by building
Focuses on the design, implementation, testing, and operation of CPM
codes). Pages: 37
systems that use an algorithmic approach to detect hydraulic anomalies in
liquid pipelines. These systems provide tools that assist controllers in
7th Edition | December 2022
detecting commodity releases that are within the sensitivity of an algorithm.
Product Number: D111007 | Price: $103.00
CPM system provide an alarm and display other related data to the
controllers to aid in decision-making. The controllers would undertake an
RP 1111
immediate investigation, confirm the reason for the alarm, and initiate an
Design, Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Offshore
operational response to the hydraulic anomaly when the alarm represents an
Hydrocarbon Pipelines (Limit State Design)
irregular operating condition, abnormal operating condition, or a commodity
release. This RP is intended for controllers and operators, CPM system
Sets criteria for the design, construction, testing, operation, and
developers and engineers, and others interested in CPM system design,
maintenance of offshore steel pipelines used in the production, production
implementation, and operation. Pages: 44
support, or transportation of hydrocarbons from the outlet flange of a
2nd Edition| April 2022 | Product Number: D011302 | Price: $121.00
production facility. The criteria applies to transportation piping facilities
located on production platforms after separation and treatment, including
meter facilities, gas compression facilities, liquid pumps, and associated
piping and appurtenances. This document may also be used for water
injection pipelines offshore.
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede
the English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
88
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Transportation
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RP 1133
gathering pipelines, and underground storage that are required under federal
Managing Hydrotechnical Hazards for Pipelines Located Onshore or
or state pipeline safety regulations to have a public awareness program. It
provides minimum requirements and offers guidance to operators to develop
Within Coastal Areas
public awareness programs that take into account the similarities and
Sets out criteria for the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and
differences in pipeline types, release characteristics, stakeholder audiences,
abandonment of onshore pipelines that could affect high consequence
operator activities, and other factors that can influence the program’s
floodplains and associated commercially navigable waterways. This
development and implementation. This document provides operators with
document applies only to steel pipelines that transport gas, hazardous
public awareness program elements and illustrates the process for
liquids, alcohols or carbon dioxide. The design, construction, inspection, and
establishing, implementing, measuring, and adjusting a program, in
testing provisions of this document should not apply to pipelines that were
alignment with the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) process for managing
designed or installed prior to the latest revision of this publication. The
programs. This recommended practice addresses certain operational
operation and maintenance provisions of this document should apply to
changes requiring additional communication based on the introduction of
existing facilities. The contents in this document should not be considered a
new hazards. Pages: 108
fixed rule for application without regard to sound engineering judgment.
Pages: 94
3rd Edition | August 2022 | Product Number: D116203 | Price: $144.00
2nd Edition | December 2017 | Product Number: D11332 | Price: $176.00
Std 1163
In-Line Inspection Systems Qualification
TR 1149
Covers the qualification, selection, reporting, verification, validation, and use
Pipeline Variable Uncertainties and Their Effects on Leak Detectability
of in-line inspection (ILI) systems for onshore and offshore steel gas and
Describes procedures for predicting uncertainties in the detection of leaks in
hazardous liquid pipelines. This includes, but is not limited to, tethered, self-
pipelines using computational methods based upon physical hydraulic state
propelled, or free-flowing systems for detecting metal loss, cracks,
measurements. This class of pipeline leak detection methods is commonly
mechanical damage, pipeline geometries, and pipeline location or mapping.
called Computational Pipeline Monitoring (CPM). Pages: 160
The standard applies to both existing and developing technologies. This
2nd Edition|September 2015|Product Number: D11492|Price: $179.00
standard is an umbrella document that provides performance-based
requirements for ILI systems, including procedures, personnel, equipment,
RP 1160
and associated software. Pages: 113
Managing System Integrity for Hazardous Liquid Pipelines
3rd Edition | September 2021 | Product Number: D11632 | Price: $142.00
Outlines a process that an operator of a pipeline system can use to assess
risks and make decisions about risks in order to reduce incidents and the
Std 1164
adverse effects of errors and incidents.
Pipeline Control Systems Cybersecurity
An integrity management program provides a means to improve the safety of
(includes Errata 1 dated August 2021)
pipeline systems and to allocate operator resources effectively to: identify
Provides requirements and guidance for managing cyber risk associated with
and analyze actual and potential precursor events that can result in
industrial automation and control (IAC) environments to achieve security,
incidents; examine the likelihood and potential severity of incidents; provide
integrity, and resiliency objectives. This is accomplished through proper
a comprehensive and integrated means for examining and comparing the
isolation of IAC environments from non-IAC environments to help IAC
spectrum of risks and risk reduction activities available; provide a structured,
operational continuity. This standard is tailored for the oil and natural gas
easily communicated means for selecting and implementing risk reduction
(ONG) pipeline industry, which includes, but is not limited to, natural gas
activities; and establish and track system performance with the goal of
and hazardous liquid transmission pipeline systems, natural gas distribution
improving that performance.
pipeline systems, liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities, propane air facilities,
This recommended practice (RP) is specifically designed to provide the
and others involved in these industries. This standard was developed to
operator with a description of industry-proven practices in pipeline integrity
provide an actionable approach to protect IAC essential functions by
management.
managing cybersecurity risk to IAC environments. IAC environments can
The RP is largely targeted to onshore pipelines along the right-of-way, but the
include, but are not limited to, supervisory control and data acquisition
process and approach can be applied to pipeline facilities, including
(SCADA), local control, and industrial internet of things (IIoT) solutions. This
pipeline stations, terminals, and delivery facilities associated with pipeline
standard should be used in the context of developing, implementing,
systems. Pages: 137
maintaining, and improving an IAC cybersecurity program, which includes
the policies, processes, and procedural and technical controls for IAC cyber
3rd Edition | February 2019
environments. Pages: 142
Product Number: D116003 | Price: $215.00
3rd Edition | August 2021 | Product Number: D11043 | Price: $198.00
RP 1161
RP 1165
Pipeline Operator Qualification (OQ)
Pipeline SCADA Displays
Provides guidance for developing and maintaining an operator qualification
Focuses on the design and implementation of displays used for the display,
(OQ) program. This document is comprised of the RP along with normative
monitoring, and control of information on pipeline supervisory control and
and non-mandatory, informative annexes. This RP is applicable for all
data acquisition (SCADA) systems. The primary purpose is to promote the
pipelines, both onshore and offshore, subject to 49 CFR Part 192 and/or
success of the controller to safely operate pipeline systems and to document
Part 195. References to 49 CFR Part 192 are applicable to gas-
industry practices that provide guidance to a pipeline company or operator
transmission-only tasks, and references to 49 CFR Part 195 are applicable
who wants to select a new SCADA system, or update or expand an existing
to liquid-only tasks. Operators may choose to use all, part, or none of this
SCADA system, and for guidance throughout the SCADA system display
document as applicable to their operations. Pages: 284
lifecycle. The pipeline industry and stakeholders have determined that well-
5th Edition | November 2021 | Product Number: D11615 | Price: $216.00
designed displays can contribute to safe operations and prevent or mitigate
pipeline incidents. Using established human factors considerations in
RP 1162
display design can promote the safety performance of a pipeline operator.
Public Awareness Programs for Pipeline Operators
Pages: 148
Addresses the development, implementation, evaluation, and
2nd Edition | December 2022
documentation of pipeline public awareness programs associated with
Product Number: D116502 | Price: $138.00
systems in the United States for distribution, regulated transmission,
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
89
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TR 1166
RP 1169
Excavation Monitoring and Observation for Damage Prevention
Pipeline Construction Inspection
Provides a consistently applied decision making process for monitoring and
Covers the basic requirements and their associated references needed to
observing of excavation and other activities on or near pipeline Rights-of-Way
effectively and safely perform inspection activities during construction of new
for “hazardous liquid” and “natural and other gas” transmission pipelines.
onshore pipelines. Use of this document will provide the basis for what
(NOTE: One call provisions and laws vary by state, and it is the operator’s
construction inspectors need to know and where to find detailed information
responsibility to be familiar with and comply with all applicable one-call
related to each facet of new pipeline construction inspection activities.
laws.) This document's purpose is to protect the public, excavation
The requirements are organized into the following major sections:
employees, and the environment by preventing damage to pipeline assets
inspector responsibilities,
from excavation activities. Pages: 16
personnel and general pipeline safety,
2nd Edition | October 2015 | Product Number: D11662 | Price: $115.00
environmental and pollution control,
general pipeline construction inspection.
RP 1167
Pipeline SCADA Alarm Management
Users of this document include those individuals either engaged in pipeline
construction inspection or seeking to become certified inspectors. Pipeline
Provides pipeline operators with recommended industry practices in the
owner/operators and pipeline inspection service companies may also use this
development, implementation, and maintenance of a SCADA alarm
document to aid and enhance their inspector training programs. Pages: 149
management program. It provides guidance on elements that include, but
2nd Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: D11692 | Price: $186.00
are not limited to, alarm definition, philosophy, documentation, management
of change, and auditing. This document is not intended to be a step-by-step
set of instructions on how to build an alarm management system. Each
RP 1169 *
pipeline operator has a unique operating philosophy and will therefore have
Pipeline Construction Inspection-Chinese
a unique alarm philosophy. This document is intended to outline key
Chinese translation of RP 1169.
elements for review when building an alarm management system. SCADA
2nd Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: D11692 | Price: $186.00
systems used within the pipeline industry vary in their alarm-related
capabilities, and there are many different software systems available to aid
in alarm management. It is the responsibility of the pipeline operator to
RP 1170
determine the best method to achieve their alarm management goals.
Design and Operation of Solution-Mined Salt Caverns Used for
This document uses industry best practices to help to illustrate aspects of
Natural Gas Storage
alarm management. The scope is intended to be broad. Pages: 48
Provides the functional recommendations for salt cavern facilities used for
2nd Edition | June 2016 | Reaffirmed: October 2021
natural gas storage service and covers facility geomechanical assessments,
Product Number: D116702 | Price: $136.00
cavern well design and drilling, risk management, solution mining techniques
and operations, including monitoring and maintenance practices, site
security and safety, procedures, training, and abandonment. It provides a
RP 1168
comprehensive set of design guidelines, recognizing the nature of subsurface
Pipeline Control Room Management
geological diversity, and stresses the need for in-depth, site specific
Provides pipeline operators and controllers with guidance on control room
geomechanical assessments with a goal of long-term facility integrity and
management best practices to consider when developing or enhancing
safety. This RP includes the cavern well system (wellhead, wellbore, and
practices and procedures. This document was written for operators with
cavern) from the emergency shutdown (ESD) valve down to the cavern and
continuous and non-continuous operations, as applicable. This document
facilities having significant impact to safety and integrity of the cavern
addresses four pipeline safety elements for hazardous liquid and natural gas
system. Pages: 118
pipelines in both the transportation and distribution sectors: pipeline control
2nd Edition | November 2022
room personnel roles, authorities, and responsibilities; guidelines for shift
Product Number: D117002 | Price: $197.00
turnover; pipeline control room fatigue management; and pipeline control
room management of change. Pages: 28
RP 1171
2nd Edition | February 2015 | Reaffirmed: October 2021
Functional Integrity of Natural Gas Storage in Depleted Hydrocarbon
Product Number: D11682 | Price: $98.00
Reservoirs and Aquifer Reservoirs
RP 1168 *
Applies to natural gas storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs and aquifer
Pipeline Control Room Management-Portuguese
reservoirs, and focuses on storage well, reservoir, and fluid management for
functional integrity in design, construction, operation, monitoring,
Portuguese translation of RP 1168.
maintenance, and documentation practices. Storage design, construction,
2nd Edition | February 2015 | Reaffirmed: October 2021
operation, and maintenance include activities in risk management, site
Product Number: D11682P | Price: $98.00
security, safety, emergency preparedness, and procedural documentation
and training to embed human and organizational competence in the
management of storage facilities. This RP embodies historical knowledge
and experience and emphasizes the need for case-by-case and site-specific
conditional assessments. This RP applies to both existing and newly
constructed facilities. Applicable distinctions for aquifer facilities are
identified, as necessary. “Replacement,” as used in this document, refers to
the complete replacement of a facility unit, as, for example, when an existing
well is abandoned and replaced with a new well. Pages: 72
2nd Edition | November 2022
Product Number: D117102 | Price: $197.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede
the English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
90
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RP 1172
RP 1175
Recommended Practice for Construction Parallel to Existing
Pipeline Leak Detection-Program Management
Underground Transmission Pipelines
Establishes a framework for Leak Detection Program (LDP) management for
Emphasis of these guidelines is on the interaction between existing
hazardous liquid pipelines that are jurisdictional to the U.S. Department of
transmission pipeline operators and those planning to construct in a parallel
Transportation. This RP is an industry consensus document revised by
fashion. These activities may involve many different parties. Contractors
hazardous liquid pipeline operators, leak detection manufacturers,
working on behalf of the constructing party, including environmental and
consultants, and others. RP 1175 focuses on using a risk-based approach
survey professionals, design engineers, construction contractors, and
to each operator’s LDP. Reviewing the main body of this document and
operators of excavation and earth moving equipment, should engage in work
following the guidance set forth assists in creating an inherently risk
practices that are in conformance with these guidelines and apply vigilance
mitigating LDP management system. RP 1175 represents industry best
in identifying unanticipated circumstances that may indicate a problem. This
practices in managing an LDP. All leak detection systems (LDSs) used by a
RP refers to all of these entities as the “constructing party.” These guidelines
pipeline operator should be managed in a coordinated manner. The goal of
have been developed such that they can be incorporated into contract
the LDP is to detect leaks quickly and with certainty, thus facilitating quicker
documents executed with contractors and subcontractors by whichever party
shutdown and therefore minimizing negative consequences. This RP focuses
is involved in or responsible for construction activities. Pages: 30
on management of LDPs, not the design of LDSs, and therefore contains
relatively little technical detail. As with RP 1130, RP 1175 is intended for
1st Edition | April 2014 | Reaffirmed: April 2000
single-phase pipelines only; however, the approach may be applicable to
Product Number: D11721 | Price: $93.00
pipelines that are not single phase. Pages: 86
2nd Edition | April 2022 | Product Number: D11752 | Price: $174.00
RP 1173
Pipeline Safety Management Systems
RP 1176
(ANSI/API RP 1173)
Recommended Practice for Assessment and Management of
Establishes a pipeline safety management systems (PSMS) framework for
Cracking in Pipelines
organizations that operate hazardous liquids and gas pipelines jurisdictional
(includes Errata 1 dated February 2021)
to the U.S. Department of Transportation. Operators of other pipelines may
Applies to any pipeline system used to transport hazardous liquid or natural
find this document applicable useful in operating to their systems.
gas, including those defined in U.S. Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations
This recommended practice (RP) provides pipeline operators with safety
(CFR) Parts 192 and 195. This RP is designed to provide the operator with a
management system requirements that when applied provide a framework to
description of industry-proven practices in the integrity management of
reveal and manage risk, promote a learning environment, and continuously
cracks and threats that give rise to cracking mechanisms. The guidance is
improve pipeline safety and integrity. At the foundation of a PSMS is the
largely targeted to the line pipe along the right-of-way (ROW), but some of
operator’s existing pipeline safety system, including the operator’s pipeline
the processes and approaches can be applied to pipeline facilities, including
safety processes and procedures. This RP provides a comprehensive
pipeline stations, terminals, and delivery facilities associated with pipeline
framework and defines the elements needed to identify and address safety
systems. Defects associated with lap-welded (LW) pipe and selective seam
for a pipeline’s life cycle. These safety management system requirements
weld corrosion (SSWC) are not covered within this RP.
identify what is to be done, and leaves the details associated with
This RP presents the pipeline industry’s understanding of pipeline cracking.
implementation and maintenance of the requirements to the individual
Mechanisms that cause cracking are discussed, methods to estimate the
pipeline operators. The document does not explicitly address personnel
failure pressure of cracks are reviewed, and methods to estimate crack growth
safety, environmental protection, and security, but the elements herein can
are presented. Selection of the appropriate integrity assessment method for
be applied to those aspects of an operation. Pages: 42
various types of cracking, operating conditions, and pipeline characteristics is
discussed. This RP also reviews current knowledge about in-line inspection (ILI)
1st Edition | July 2015 | Product Number: D117301 | Price: $93.00
technology and in-the-ditch (ITD) nondestructive evaluation technology. A
methodology for responding to ILI indications and specific criteria for when to
RP 1174
respond to certain results is presented. Applicable repair techniques are
Recommended Practice for Onshore Hazardous Liquid Pipeline
reviewed. Sections are included for the discussion of reassessment interval
Emergency Preparedness and Response
determination and the consideration of appropriate preventive and mitigative
Provides operators of onshore hazardous liquid pipelines a framework that
measures. Some performance metrics for measuring the effectiveness of a
promotes the continual improvement of emergency planning and response
crack management program are discussed. The technical discussion about
processes, including identification and mitigation of associated risks and
crack formation, growth, and failure is to provide the knowledge needed by
implementation of changes from lessons learned. This recommended
operators to effectively make integrity decisions about managing cracking on
practice (RP) assists the operator in preparing for a safe, timely, and effective
their pipeline systems. Pages: 144
response to a pipeline emergency.
1st Edition | July 2016 | Product Number: D117601 | Price: $182.00
This RP applies to assets under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of
Transportation (DOT), specifically U.S. Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations
RP 1177
(CFR) Parts 194 and 195. Operators of non-DOT jurisdictional pipelines or
tank assets may also make voluntary use of this document. Pages: 48
Recommended Practice for Steel Pipeline Construction Quality
Management Systems
1st Edition | December 2015 | Product Number: D11741 | Price: $101.00
Establishes minimum Quality Management System (QMS) processes for
organizations that own, operate, construct, or provide construction-related
services for onshore carbon and low-alloy steel pipelines used in the
transportation of hazardous liquids, carbon dioxide, and gas.
This recommended practice specifies the elements of a QMS to manage the
construction process systematically from design verification, materials
manufacturing, procurement, construction, inspection, and testing to
initiation of operations. Pages: 68
1st Edition | November 2017 | Product Number: D110701 | Price: $128.00
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
91
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Bull 1178
RP 1183
Integrity Data Management and Integration
Assessment and Management of Pipeline Dents
(includes Errata 1 dated January 2021)
Provides a compendium of methodologies and considerations for integrating
Applicable to any pipeline system used to transport hazardous liquid or
the underlying data used to support integrity management. Any one
natural gas. This RP includes detailed technical discussion on dent formation,
approach may not be appropriate or applicable in all circumstances. The
strain and fatigue, and failure modes and mechanisms. These details are
document reviews possible approaches for consideration by operators in the
provided to give pipeline operators the information and knowledge necessary
context of their specific circumstances.
to make informed integrity management decisions regarding the management
The primary focus of this bulletin is the methodologies and processes used
of dents on their systems. This RP describes preventive and mitigative
to spatially integrate and normalize the data to support the application of
measures that pipeline operators can apply to manage dents after detection.
comparative techniques used in interpreting integrity data, with particular
The in-service response of dents to a range of loading conditions is discussed
emphasis on in-line inspection (ILI) data. The begins with a discussion of
in detail. Pages: 138
general data quality processes, goals, and considerations such that data
1st Edition | November 2020 | Product Number: D11831 | Price: $186.00
quality approaches can be considered in the context of the data integration
processes.
RP 1184
An impediment to informed integrity decisions is the inability to efficiently
Pipeline Facilities Construction Inspection
review a broad spectrum of data in a format that has been normalized and
Covers the basic requirements needed to perform inspection activities safely
spatially aligned. With the variations in organizational structures, integrity
and effectively during onshore transmission pipeline facility construction.
management programs, and technologies used across the pipeline sector,
Areas of specialty inspection are noted and are beyond the scope of this
individual operators design data integration procedures that are customized
document. This content can be applied to construction associated with
to their organizational structure, processes, and pipeline systems.
existing facilities. This recommended practice is not intended to be fully
Properly managed and integrated data supports agile analytics to integrate
comprehensive of all systems that may be located within a pipeline
new data as they become available and to recognize coincident events and
transportation facility. Users of this recommended practice include operators
patterns. The source of the data may be from within an organization or may
and those individuals either engaged in facility construction inspection or
be external to the company, as in the case of representative data based on
seeking to become certified inspectors. Operators and facility pipeline
industry experience or manufacturing processes. The intent is to empower
inspection service companies may also use this document to develop their
operators to efficiently analyze and integrate threat- and integrity-related
inspection processes and responsibilities for inspectors, and to develop and
data to support their integrity management programs. Pages: 62
enhance their inspector training programs. This recommended practice was
based on The Practical Guide for Facilities Construction Inspectors,
1st Edition | November 2017 | Product Number: D11781 | Price: $113.00
developed in partnership by the INGAA Foundation and the CEPA Foundation,
and supports United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 9 for resilient
TR 1179
infrastructure. Pages: 183
Hydrostatic Testing as an Integrity Management Tool
1st Edition | October 2021 | Product Number: D11841 | Price: $144.00
Provides guidelines related to hydrostatic testing as a tool for integrity
management in gas and liquids pipelines. It specifically focuses on program
RP 1188
design and key parameters for consideration in hydrostatic test programs, as
Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Facilities Integrity Management
well as potential detrimental effects of hydrostatic testing. Several case
studies supplement the guidelines provided. Pages: 64
Covers the integrity management of hazardous liquid pipeline facilities. This RP
provides guidance on high-consequence area impact determinations; data
1st Edition | May 2019 | Product Number: D11791 | Price: $117.00
integration; threat identification; risk assessment; inspection and reinspection;
preventive and mitigative measures (P&MM); and performance measures.
RP 1181
Facilities include terminal and pipeline station piping systems within terminal
Pipeline Operational Status Determination
and pipeline facility boundaries and includes off-plot piping. Off-plot piping
Provides guidance for operations, inspection, and maintenance activities
includes, but is not limited to, piping between facilities, piping that comes
based on the operational status of a pipeline. This establishes:
from or goes to a refinery or other type facility, or piping that may cross a road,
four statuses: precommissioned, active/in-service, idled, and
ditch, or other property outside the confines of a terminal facility. This RP
abandoned;
covers the integrity management of all pressure-containing components
directly used in the transport or storage of hazardous liquids within a liquids
operations, inspections, and maintenance recommendations for various
pipeline facility. Piping for transportation of hazardous liquids, such as but not
pipeline operational statuses;
limited to crude oil, highly volatile liquids (HVLs), gasoline, diesel, biofuels,
pipeline status documentation requirements;
lubricating oils, jet fuel, and aviation fuel are covered by the scope of this
recommendations regarding safe transition between pipeline statuses.
document. Pages: 51
For the purposes of this document, the word “pipeline” refers to transmission
1st Edition | January 2022 | Product Number: D11881 | Price: $104.00
and regulated gathering pipelines and pipeline systems, although the
principles may be applied to nonregulated gathering and flow lines. Pages: 17
1st Edition | October 2019 | Product Number: D11811 | Price: $65.00
RP 1182
Construction, Operation, and Maintenance of Large Diameter Rural
Gas Gathering Lines
Contains provisions relating to the design, construction, testing, corrosion
control, operation, and maintenance of onshore gas gathering lines as
defined in API 80. The requirements in the RP are applicable to pipeline
> 12.75 in. outside diameter in Class 1 locations (3.1.4) or Class 2
locations (3.1.5) that are not regulated onshore gas gathering lines as
defined in 49 CFR 192.8. Pages: 30
1st Edition | March 2020| Product Number: D11821 | Price: $65.00
92
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PIPELINE MAINTENANCE WELDING
RP 1007
Loading and Unloading of MC 306/DOT 406 Cargo Tank Motor
Investigation and Prediction of Cooling Rates During Pipeline
Vehicles
Maintenance Welding, and User’s Manual for Battelle’s Hot-Tap
Ensuring the safe and efficient loading and delivery of petroleum products to
Thermal-Analysis Models
retail service stations and bulk facilities is the primary goal for all companies
Investigated and improved the methods of predicting cooling rates during
that transport product. This document is a guideline for use by the truck
pipeline maintenance welding. The scope of this study included
driver and persons responsible for loading and unloading of MC306/
DOT406 cargo tanks. It identifies specific steps to ensure that product can
a review of three previous research efforts to develop satisfactory
be loaded into tank trucks and unloaded into both underground and
methods for welding appurtenances to in-service pipelines;
aboveground storage tanks in a safe and efficient manner that protects the
a survey of pipeline leak and rupture incidents associated with
environment. It is intended to be used in conjunction with existing driver
appurtenances;
training programs and procedures. Pages: 24
the enhancement of existing analytical models for predicting cooling rates
1st Edition | March 2001 | Reaffirmed: February 2011
and temperatures during welding on an in-service pipeline; and
2-Year Extension: January 2018
a validation of the thermal-analysis models that was achieved by
Product Number: A10071 | Price: $42.00
performing welds on pipeline carrying three different liquid-petroleum
products.
RP 1112
May 2002 | Product Number: | Version 4.2 | May 2002
Developing a Highway Emergency Response Plan for Incidents
Please order this document from PRCI: https://www.prci.org
Involving Hazardous Materials
Provides minimum guidelines for developing an emergency response plan for
Std 1104
incidents involving hazardous liquid hydrocarbons, such as gasoline and
Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities
crude oil, transported in MC 306/DOT 406 and MC 307/DOT 407
Covers the gas and arc welding of butt, fillet, and socket welds in carbon and
aluminum cargo tanks, and for coordinating and cooperating with local,
low-alloy steel piping used in the compression, pumping, and transmission of
state, and federal officials. Covers response plan priorities, personnel
crude petroleum, petroleum products, fuel gases, carbon dioxide, and
training, special equipment, media relations, environmental relations, and
nitrogen, and, where applicable, covers welding on distribution systems. It
post-response activities. The appendixes outline a highway emergency
applies to both new construction and in-service welding. The welding may be
response plan and suggest a procedure for removing liquid hydrocarbons
done by a shielded metal-arc welding, submerged arc welding, gas tungsten-
from overturned cargo tanks and righting the tank vehicles. Pages: 21
arc welding, gas metal-arc welding, flux-cored arc welding, plasma arc welding,
3rd Edition | November 1997 | Reaffirmed: February 2011
oxyacetylene welding, or flash butt welding process, or by a combination of
2-Year Extension: January 2018
these processes using a manual, semiautomatic, mechanized, or automatic
Product Number: A11123 | Price: $82.00
welding technique or a combination of these techniques. The welds may be
produced by position or roll welding or by a combination of position and roll
SECURITY
welding. This standard also covers the procedures for radiographic, magnetic
particle, liquid penetrant, and ultrasonic testing, as well as the acceptance
standards to be applied to production welds tested to destruction or inspected
Std 780
by radiographic, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant, ultrasonic, and visual
Security Risk Assessment Methodology for the Petroleum and
testing methods. Pages: 174
Petrochemical Industries
22nd Edition | July 2021 | Product Number: D110422 | Price: $410.00
Prepared by a Security Risk Assessment (SRA) Committee of the American
Petroleum Institute (API) to assist the petroleum and petrochemical
Std 1104 *
industries in understanding security risk assessment and in conducting
Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities-Russian
SRAs. The standard describes the recommended approach for assessing
security risk widely applicable to the types of facilities operated by the
Russian translation of Std 1104.
industry and the security issues the industry faces. The standard is intended
22nd Edition | July 2021 | Product Number: D110422R | Price: $410.00
for those responsible for conducting security risk assessments and
managing security at these facilities. The method described in this standard
TANK TRUCK OPERATIONS
is widely applicable to a full spectrum of security issues from theft to insider
sabotage to terrorism. The API SRA Methodology was developed for the
petroleum and petrochemical industry, for a broad variety of both fixed and
RP 1004
mobile applications. This recommended practice describes a single
Bottom Loading and Vapor Recovery for MC-306 & DOT-406 Tank
methodology, rather than a general framework for SRAs, but the
Motor Vehicles
methodology is flexible and adaptable to the needs of the user. This
Provides an industry standard for bottom loading and vapor recovery of
methodology constitutes one approach for assessing security vulnerabilities
proprietary and hired carrier DOT MC-306 tank vehicles at terminals
at petroleum and petrochemical industry facilities. However, there are other
operated by more than one supplier. Guides the manufacturer and operator
risk assessment techniques and methods available to industry, all of which
of a tank vehicle as to the uniform features that should be provided to permit
share common risk assessment elements. Pages: 113
loading of a tank vehicle with a standard 4-in. adapter. This edition of
1st Edition | May 2013 | Reaffirmed: February 2022
RP 1004 requires an independent secondary control system and maximum
Product Number: K78001 | Price: $206.00
requirements for outage in the tank to allow the secondary control system to
function. Pages: 21
8th Edition | January 2003 | Reaffirmed: February 2011
2-Year Extension: January 2018
Product Number: A10048 | Price: $120.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede
the English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
93
Transportation
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RP 781
Facility Security Plan Methodology for the Oil and Natural Gas
Industries
Provides the framework to establish a secure workplace. The plan provides
an overview of the threats facing the facility and describes the security
measures and procedures designed to mitigate risk and protect people,
assets, operations, and company reputation. This API standard was
prepared with guidance and direction from the API Security Committee, to
assist the petroleum and petrochemical industries in the preparation of a
Facility Security Plan (FSP). This standard specifies the requirements for
preparing an FSP as well as a discussion of the typical elements included in
an FSP.
This standard is intended to be flexible and adaptable to the needs of the
user. It is noted that the content of an FSP can vary depending on
circumstances such as facility size, location, and operations. This
methodology is one approach for preparing an FSP at petroleum and
petrochemical facilities. There are other security plan formats available for
the industry. It is the responsibility of the user to choose the format and
content of the FSP that best meets the needs of a specific facility. The format
and content of some FSPs should be dictated by government regulations for
covered facilities. This standard is not intended to supersede the
requirements of any regulated facility but may be used as a reference
document. Pages: 82
1st Edition | September 2016 | Product Number: K78101 | Price: $157.00
94
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Refining
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RP 572
Inspection Practices for Pressure Vessels
NOTE Free publications with an asterisk are subject to a $10.00 handling charge for
Supplements API 510 by providing pressure vessel inspectors with
each total order, plus actual shipping charges.
information that can improve skills and increase basic knowledge of
inspection practices. This recommended practice (RP) describes inspection
INSPECTION OF REFINERY EQUIPMENT
practices for the various types of pressure vessels (e.g. drums, heat
exchangers, columns, reactors, air coolers, spheres) used in petroleum
API 510
refineries and chemical plants. This RP addresses vessel components,
Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating,
inspection planning processes, inspection intervals, methods of inspection
and assessment, methods of repair, records, and reports. API 510 has
Repair, and Alteration
requirements and expectations for inspection of pressure vessels. Pages: 154
Covers the in-service inspection, repair, alteration, and rerating activities for
4th Edition | December 2016 | Product Number: C57204 | Price: $249.00
pressure vessels and the pressure-relieving devices (PRDs) protecting these
vessels. This inspection code applies to all hydrocarbon and chemical
RP 573
process vessels that have been placed in service; however, it could also be
applied to process vessels in other industries at owner-operator discretion.
Inspection of Fired Boilers and Heaters
This includes: vessels constructed in accordance with an applicable
Covers inspection practices for fired boilers and process heaters (furnaces)
construction code [e.g., ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC)];
used in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants. The practices
where a pressure vessel has been constructed to the American Society of
described in this document are focused to improve equipment reliability and
Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Section VIII Code, API 510 is intended to
plant safety by describing the operating variables which impact reliability,
apply to Divisions 1 and 2 and not Division 3; vessels constructed without a
and to ensure that inspection practices obtain the appropriate data, both
construction code (noncode vessels); vessels constructed and approved as
on-stream and off-stream, to assess current and future performance of the
jurisdictional special based upon jurisdiction acceptance of particular
equipment. Pages: 129
design, fabrication, inspection, testing, and installation; nonstandard
4th Edition | January 2021 | Product Number: C57304 | Price: $175.00
vessels. Pages: 83
11th Edition | October 2022 | Product Number: C51011 | Price: $268.00
RP 574
Inspection Practices for Piping System Components
API 570
Supplements API 570 by providing piping inspectors with information that
Piping Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and
can improve skill and increase basic knowledge of inspection practices. This
Alteration of Piping Systems
recommended practice describes inspection practices for piping, tubing,
(includes Addendum 1 dated May 2017, Addendum 2 dated March
valves (other than control valves), and fittings used in petroleum refineries
2018, and Errata 1 dated April 2018)
and chemical plants. Common piping components, valve types, pipe joining
methods, inspection planning processes, inspection intervals and
Covers inspection, rating, repair, and alteration procedures for metallic and
techniques, and types of records are described to aid the inspectors in
fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) piping systems and their associated
fulfilling their role implementing API 570. This publication does not cover
pressure-relieving devices that have been placed in service. This inspection
inspection of specialty items, including instrumentation, furnace tubulars,
code applies to all hydrocarbon and chemical process piping covered in
and control valves. Pages: 113
1.2.1 that have been placed in service unless specifically designated as
optional per 1.2.2. This publication does not cover inspection of specialty
4th Edition | November 2016 | Product Number: C57404 | Price: $227.00
equipment including instrumentation, exchanger tubes, and control valves.
However, this piping code could be used by owner/users in other industries
RP 575
and other services at their discretion. Process piping systems that have been
Inspection Practices for Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
retired from service and abandoned in place are no longer covered by this
Covers the inspection of atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks that
“in-service inspection” Code. However abandoned in place piping may still
have been designed to operate at pressures from atmospheric to 15 psig.
need some amount of inspection and/or risk mitigation to assure that it
Includes reasons for inspection, frequency and methods of inspection,
does not become a process safety hazard because of continuing
methods of repair, and preparation of records and reports. This
deterioration. Process piping systems that are temporarily out of service but
recommended practice is intended to supplement Std 653, which covers the
have been mothballed (preserved for potential future use) are still covered
minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of storage tanks after
by this Code. Pages: 88
they have been placed in service. Pages: 116
4th Edition | February 2016 | Product Number: C57004 | Price: $195.00
4th Edition | July 2020 | Product Number: C57504 | Price: $226.00
RP 571
RP 576
Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining
Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices
Industry
Describes the inspection and repair practices for self-actuated pressure-
Provides background information on damage that can occur to equipment in
relieving devices commonly used in the oil/gas and petrochemical industries.
the refining process. It is intended to supplement Risk-Based Inspection
As a guide to the inspection and repair of these devices in the user’s plant, it is
(RP 580 and Publ 581) and Fitness-for-Service (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1)
intended to ensure their proper performance. This publication covers self-
technologies developed in recent years by API to manage existing refining
actuated devices such as direct acting spring loaded valves, pilot operated
equipment integrity. It is also an excellent reference for inspection, operations,
pressure-relief valves, rupture disks, pin actuated devices, and weight-loaded
and maintenance personnel. This RP covers over 60 damage mechanisms.
pressure vacuum vents.
Each write-up consists of a general description of the damage, susceptible
materials, construction, critical factors, inspection method selection guidelines,
The recommendations in this publication are not intended to supersede
and control measures. Wherever possible, pictures are included and references
requirements established by regulatory bodies. This publication excludes tank
are provided for each mechanism. In addition, generic process flow diagrams
weak seams and/or sections or tank thief hatches, explosion doors, fusible
have been included that contain a summary of the major damage flow
plugs, control valves, pressure regulating devices, integral rotating equipment
mechanism expected for typical refinery process units. Pages: 376
components, other devices that either depend on an external source of power
for operation or are manually operated or devices not designed to be
3rd Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: C57103 | Price: $374.00
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95
Refining
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inspected or recertified. Inspections and tests made at manufacturers’ plants,
API 579-2/ASME FFS-2
which are usually covered by codes or purchase specifications, are not covered
Fitness-For-Service Example Problem Manual
by this publication.
Fitness-For-Service (FFS) assessments in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 are
This publication does not cover training requirements for personnel involved in
engineering evaluations that are performed to demonstrate the structural
the inspection and repair of pressure-relieving devices. Those seeking these
integrity of an in-service component that may contain a flaw or damage or
requirements should see API 510/570, which gives the requirements for a
that may be operating under specific conditions that could produce a failure.
quality control system and specifies that the repair organization maintain and
API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 provides guidance for conducting FFS assessments
document a training program ensuring that personnel are qualified. Pages: 80
using methodologies specifically prepared for pressurized equipment. The
4th Edition | April 2017 | Product Number: C57604 | Price: $227.00
guidelines provided in this standard may be used to make run-repair-replace
decisions to help determine if pressurized equipment containing flaws that
RP 576 *
have been identified by inspection can continue to operate safely for some
period of time. These FFS assessments of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 are
Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices-Spanish
currently recognized and referenced by the API Codes and Standards (510,
Spanish translation of RP 576.
570, and 653), and by NB-23 as a suitable means for evaluating the
4th Edition | April 2017 | Product Number: C57604S | Price: $227.00
structural integrity of pressure vessels, piping systems, and storage tanks
where inspection has revealed degradation and flaws in the equipment or
where operating conditions suggest that a risk of failure may be present.
RP 577
Example problems illustrating the use and calculations required for Fitness-
Welding Processes, Inspection, and Metallurgy
For-Service assessments described in API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 are provided
Provides guidance to the API authorized inspector on welding inspection as
in this document. Example problems are provided for all calculation
encountered with fabrication and repair of refinery and chemical plant
procedures in both SI and U.S. customary units.
equipment and piping. Common welding processes, welding procedures,
An introduction to the example problems in this document is described in
welder qualifications, metallurgical effects from welding, and inspection
Part 2 of this standard. The remaining parts of this document contain the
techniques are described to aid the inspector in fulfilling their role
example problems. The parts in this document coincide with the parts in API
implementing API 510, API 570, Std 653, and RP 582. The level of learning
and training obtained from this document is not a replacement for the
579-1/ASME FFS-1. For example, example problems illustrating
training and experience required to be an American Welding Society (AWS)
calculations for local thin areas are provided in Part 5 of this document. This
Certified Welding Inspector (CWI). Pages: 194
coincides with the assessment procedures for local thin areas contained in
Part 5 of API 579-1/ASME FFS-1. Pages: 366
3rd Edition | October 2020 | Product Number: C57703 | Price: $269.00
1st Edition | August 2009 | Product Number: C57921 | Price: $168.00
RP 578
RP 580
Guidelines for a Material Verification Program (MVP) for New and
Existing Assets
Risk-Based Inspection
Provides the guidelines for the owner/user to develop and implement a
Provides users with the basic minimum and recommended elements for
material verification program (MVP) as part of an asset integrity program. The
developing, implementing, and maintaining a risk-based inspection (RBI)
MVP uses positive material identification and other methods to verify that the
program. It also provides guidance to owner-users, operators, and designers
nominal composition of an asset, an asset component, or weldment within the
of pressure-containing equipment for developing and implementing an
pressure envelope is consistent with the selected or specified construction
inspection program. These guidelines include means for assessing an
materials.
inspection program and its plan. The approach emphasizes safe and reliable
operation through risk-prioritized inspection. A spectrum of complementary
A well-designed and implemented MVP is an important management system
used to minimize the potential for the release of hazardous substances due to
risk analysis approaches (qualitative through fully quantitative) can be
nonconforming materials of construction. Pages: 28
considered as part of the inspection planning process. RBI guideline issues
covered include an introduction to the concepts and principles of RBI for risk
3rd Edition | February 2018 | Product Number: C57803 | Price: $227.00
management and individual sections that describe the steps in applying
these principles within the framework of the RBI process. Pages: 94
API 579-1/ASME FFS-1
3rd Edition | February 2016 | Product Number: C58003 | Price: $287.00
Fitness-For-Service
Provides guidance for conducting fitness-for-service assessments using
RP 581
methodologies specifically prepared for pressurized equipment. Fitness-for-
Risk-Based Inspection Methodology
service assessments are quantitative engineering evaluations that are
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2019 and Addendum 2 dated
performed to demonstrate the structural integrity of in-service components
October 2020)
that may contain a flaw or damage, or that may be operating under a
specific condition that might cause a failure. The guidelines provided in this
Provides quantitative procedures to establish an inspection program using
standard can be used to make run-repair-replace decisions to help
risk-based methods for pressurized fixed equipment including pressure
determine if components in pressurized equipment containing flaws that
vessel, piping, tankage, pressure relief devices (PRDs), and heat exchanger
have been identified by inspection can continue to operate safely for some
tube bundles. RP 580 provides guidance for developing Risk-Based
period of time. These fitness-for-service assessments are currently
Inspection (RBI) programs on fixed equipment in refining, petrochemical,
recognized and referenced by API codes and standards (510, 570, and
chemical process plants, and oil and gas production facilities. The intent is
653), and by NB-23 (National Board Inspection Code) as suitable means
for RP 580 to introduce the principles and present minimum general
for evaluating the structural integrity of pressure vessels, piping systems, and
guidelines for RBI, while this recommended practice provides quantitative
storage tanks where inspection has revealed some level of degradation and/
calculation methods to determine an inspection plan.
or flaws in the equipment. Pages: 1478
The calculation of risk outlined in API RP 581 involves the determination of a
4th Edition | December 2021
probability of failure (POF) combined with the consequence of failure (COF).
Product Number: C57904| Price: $1,274.00
Failure is defined as a loss of containment from the pressure boundary
resulting in leakage to the atmosphere or rupture of a pressurized
component. Risk increases as damage accumulates during in-service
operation as the risk tolerance or risk target is approached and an inspection
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
96
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is recommended of sufficient effectiveness to better quantify the damage
development and implementation of IOWs to help strengthen the
state of the component. The inspection action itself does not reduce the risk;
mechanical integrity (MI) program for each process unit. This edition
however, it does reduce uncertainty and therefore allows more accurate
includes a new Annex D, Barriers to Successful IOW Implementation, as a
quantification of the damage present in the component. Pages: 632
way to assist in improving industry safety and sustainability. Pages: 69
3rd Edition | April 2016 | Product Number: C58103 | Price: $936.00
2nd Edition | December 2021 | Product Number: C58402 | Price: $140.00
API Risk-Based Inspection Software
RP 585
Pressure Equipment Integrity Incident Investigation
API RBI software, created by petroleum refinery and chemical plant owner/
users for owner/users, finds its basis in API Publication 581, Base Resource
Provides owner-operators with practices for developing, implementing,
Document-Risk-Based Inspection. Practical, valuable features are built into
sustaining, and enhancing an investigation program for pressure equipment
the technology, which is based on recognized and generally accepted good
integrity (PEI) incidents. This document describes characteristics of how an
engineering practices.
effective investigation could be structured so organizations can learn from
PEI failures, near-misses, or discoveries. Pages: 52
The purposes of the Risk-Based Inspection Program are:
2nd Edition | April 2021 | Product Number: C58502 | Price: $149.00
screen operating units within a plant to identify areas of high risk;
estimate a risk value associated with the operation of each equipment
Bull 587
item in a refinery or chemical process plant based on a consistent
methodology;
Guidance for the Development of Ultrasonic Examiner Qualification
Programs
prioritize the equipment based on the measured risk;
design a highly effective inspection program; and
Provides owner/users with guidelines for developing basic in-house
qualification programs to identify industry-qualified UT angle beam examiners
systematically manage the risks associated with equipment failures.
that are equivalent to those possessing an ultrasonic angle beam qualification
The RBI method defines the risk of operating equipment as the combination of
from API (e.g. API QUTE/QUSE Detection and Sizing Tests) for inspection of
two separate terms: the consequence of failure and the likelihood of failure.
pressure equipment and piping as required by API 510 and API 570. The
For more information: e-mail rbi@api.org or call 281-537-8848
availability of high-quality and accurate ultrasonic testing (UT) data is often the
cornerstone for weld and base metal discontinuities detection and sizing for
equipment integrity assessments. As a result, API has implemented several
RP 582
certification programs to assist in defining the minimum criteria for assessing
Welding Guidelines for the Chemical, Oil, and Gas Industries
the performance of UT technicians. Pages: 31
Provides supplementary guidelines and practices for welding and welding
1st Edition | May 2021 | Product Number: C58701 | Price: $94.00
related topics for shop and field fabrication, repair, and modification of the
following:
RP 588
pressure-containing equipment, such as pressure vessels, heat
Recommended Practice for Source Inspection and Quality
exchangers, piping, heater tubes, and pressure boundaries of rotating
Surveillance of Fixed Equipment
equipment and attachments welded thereto;
tanks and attachments welded thereto;
Summarizes the basic body of knowledge that the source inspector typically
needs to know to perform as a source inspector for fixed equipment. A
non-removable internals for process equipment;
secondary purpose is to assist candidates intending to take the API Source
structural items attached and related to process equipment;
Inspection Examination to become certified source inspectors. This
other equipment or component items, when referenced by an applicable
recommended practice (RP) outlines the fundamentals of source inspection
purchase document.
and may be useful to all personnel conducting such activities to perform
This document is general in nature and augments the welding requirements
their jobs in a competent and ethical manner.
of ASME BPVC Section IX and similar codes, standards, specifications, and
This RP covers the process of specifying the necessary quality surveillance of
practices, such as those listed in Section 2. The intent of this document is to
materials, equipment, and fabrications being supplied for use in the oil,
be inclusive of chemical, oil, and gas industry standards, although there are
petrochemical, and gas Industry, including upstream, midstream, and
many areas not covered herein, e.g. pipeline welding and offshore structural
downstream segments. This RP may be used as the basis for providing a
welding are intentionally not covered. This document is based on industry
systematic approach to risk-based source inspection in order to provide
experience, and any restrictions or limitations may be waived or augmented
confidence that materials and equipment being purchased meet the
by the purchaser. Pages: 38
minimum requirements as specified in the project documents and
3rd Edition | May 2016 | Product Number: C58203 | Price: $149.00
contractual agreements. Pages: 72
1st Edition | July 2019 | Product Number: C58801 | Price: $175.00
RP 583
Corrosion Under Insulation and Fireproofing
Bull 590
SCIMI Term, Definition, and Acronym Standardization Work Process
Covers design, maintenance, inspection, and mitigation practices to address
external corrosion under insulation (CUI) and corrosion under fireproofing
Establishes a work process to manage terms, definitions, and acronyms in
(CUF). The document discusses the external corrosion of carbon and low-
documents published by the API Committee on Refining Equipment (CRE)
alloy steels under insulation and fireproofing, and external chloride stress
Subcommittee on Inspection and Mechanical Integrity (SCIMI). The work
corrosion cracking (ECSCC) of austenitic and duplex stainless steels under
processes described in this publication shall be used when SCIMI develops
insulation. Pages: 106
new standards or new terms, definitions, and acronyms in existing
standards. The work processes shall also be used to verify accuracy and
2nd Edition | March 2021 | Product Number: C58302 | Price: $202.00
consistent use of terms, definitions, and acronyms when an existing SCIMI
document is revised. Pages: 12
RP 584
1st Edition | November 2022 | Product Number: C59001 | Price: $69.00
Integrity Operating Windows
Explains the importance of integrity operating windows (IOWs) for process
safety management and to guide users in how to establish and implement
an IOW program for process facilities. It is the intent of the document to
provide the user with information and guidance on the work process for the
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
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97
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Std 653
pumps. This document also provides requirements applicable to specific types
of pumps. Illustrations are provided of the various specific pump types and the
Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction
designations assigned to each specific pump type. Pages: 233
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2018, Addendum 2 dated May 2020,
and Errata 1 dated March 2020)
12th Edition | January 2021 | Product Number: C61012 | Price: $175.00
Covers steel storage tanks built to Std 650 and its predecessor Spec 12C. It
Std 611
provides minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of such tanks
General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas
after they have been placed in service and addresses inspection, repair,
alteration, relocation, and reconstruction.
Industry Services
The scope is limited to the tank foundation, bottom, shell, structure, roof,
Covers the minimum requirements for general-purpose steam turbines.
attached appurtenances, and nozzles to the face of the first flange, first
These requirements include basic design, materials, related lubrication
threaded joint, or first welding-end connection. Many of the design, welding,
systems, controls, auxiliary equipment, and accessories for use in the
examination, and material requirements of Std 650 can be applied in the
petroleum, chemical, and gas industry services. This standard includes only
maintenance inspection, rating, repair, and alteration of in-service tanks. In the
general-purpose turbines. General-purpose turbines are horizontal or vertical
case of apparent conflicts between the requirements of this standard and Std
turbines used to drive equipment that is usually spared or is in noncritical
650 or its predecessor Spec 12C, this standard shall govern for tanks that
service. They are generally used where steam conditions will not exceed a
have been placed in service.
pressure of 48 bar (700 psig) and a temperature of 400 °C (750 °F).
This standard employs the principles of Std 650; however, storage tank owner/
Pages: 150
operators, based on consideration of specific construction and operating
6th Edition | June 2022 | Product Number: C61106 | Price: $175.00
details, may apply this standard to any steel tank constructed in accordance
with a tank specification.
Std 612
This standard is intended for use by organizations that maintain or have access
Petroleum Petrochemical, and Natural Gas Industries-Steam
to engineering and inspection personnel technically trained and experienced in
Turbines-Special-Purpose Applications
tank design, fabrication, repair, construction, and inspection.
Specifies the minimum requirements for steam turbines for special-purpose
This standard does not contain rules or guidelines to cover all the varied
applications for use in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas
conditions which may occur in an existing tank. When design and construction
industries. These requirements include basic design, materials, fabrication,
details are not given, and are not available in the as-built standard, details that
inspection testing, and preparation for shipment. It also covers the related
will provide a level of integrity equal to the level provided by the current edition
lube oil systems, instrumentation, control systems, and auxiliary equipment.
of Std 650 must be used.
It is not applicable to general-purpose steam turbines, which are covered in
This standard recognizes fitness-for-service assessment concepts for
Std 611. Pages: 199
evaluating in-service degradation of pressure containing components. API
8th Edition | November 2020 | Product Number: C61208 | Price: $263.00
579-1/ASME FFS-1, Fitness-For-Service, provides detailed assessment
procedures or acceptance criteria for specific types of degradation referenced
Std 613
in this standard. When this standard does not provide specific evaluation
procedures or acceptance criteria for a specific type of degradation or when
Special Purpose Gear Units for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas
this standard explicitly allows the use of fitness-for-service criteria, API 579-1/
Industry Services
ASME FFS-1 may be used to evaluate the various types of degradation or test
(ANSI/API Std 613)
requirements addressed in this standard. Pages: 162
Covers the minimum requirements for special-purpose, enclosed, precision
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C65305 | Price: $255.00
single- and double-helical one-and two-stage speed increasers and reducers
of parallel-shaft design for refinery services. This standard is primarily
Std 653 *
intended for gear units that are in continuous service without installed spare
Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction-Chinese
equipment. Pages: 124
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2018, Addendum 2 dated May 2020,
6th Edition | July 2021 | Product Number: C61306 | Price: $250.00
and Errata 1 dated March 2020)
Std 614
Chinese translation of Std 653.
Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing, and Control-Oil Systems and Auxiliaries
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C65305C | Price: $255.00
Covers the minimum requirements for lubrication systems, oil-type shaft-
sealing systems, oil-control systems, and auxiliaries, excluding dry gas seal
Std 653 *
systems and fuel systems. These systems can serve individual equipment
Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction-Portuguese
such as compressors, gears, pumps, and drivers or complete trains.
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2018, Addendum 2 dated May 2020,
Pages: 246
and Errata 1 dated March 2020)
6th Edition | February 2022 | Product Number: CX61405 | Price: $350.00
Portuguese translation of Std 653.
Std 616
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C65305P | Price: $255.00
Gas Turbines for the Petroleum, Chemical and Gas Industry Services
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT STANDARDS FOR REFINERY SERVICE
Covers the minimum requirements for open-, simple-, and regenerative-cycle
combustion gas turbine units for services of mechanical drive, generator
Std 610
drive, or process gas generation. All auxiliary equipment required for
operating, starting, controlling, and protecting gas turbine units is either
Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas
discussed directly in this standard or referred to in this standard through
Industries
references to other publications. Specifically, gas turbine units that are
Specifies requirements for centrifugal pumps, including pumps running in
capable of firing gas or liquid or both are covered by this standard. This
reverse as hydraulic power recovery turbines, for use in petroleum,
standard covers both industrial and aeroderivative gas turbines. Pages: 286
petrochemical, and gas industry process services. This document is applicable
6th Edition | September 2022 | Product Number: C61606 | Price: $245.00
to overhung pumps, between bearings pumps, and vertically suspended
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
98
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Std 617
Std 670
Axial and Centrifugal Compressors and Expander-Compressors
Machinery Protection Systems
Specifies minimum requirements and gives recommendations for axial
Provides a purchase specification to facilitate the manufacture,
compressors, single-shaft and integrally geared process centrifugal
procurement, installation, and testing of vibration, axial-position, and
compressors, and expander-compressors for special-purpose applications
bearing temperature monitoring systems for petroleum, chemical, and gas
that handle gas or process air in the petroleum, chemical, and gas
industry services. Covers the minimum requirements for monitoring radial
industries. Pages: 348
shaft vibration, casing vibration, shaft axial position, and bearing
temperatures. It outlines a standardized monitoring system and covers
9th Edition | April 2022 | Product Number: C61709 | Price: $286.00
requirements for hardware (sensors and instruments), installation, testing,
and arrangement. Pages: 244
Std 618
5th Edition | November 2014 | Reaffirmed: May 2022
Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas
Product Number: C67005 | Price: $212.00
Industry Services
(ANSI/API Std 618)
Std 670 *
(includes Errata 1 dated November 2009 and Errata 2 dated
Machinery Protection Systems-Russian
July 2010)
Russian translation of Std 670.
Covers the minimum requirements for reciprocating compressors and their
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C67005R | Price: $212.00
drivers used in petroleum, chemical, and gas industry services for handling
process air or gas with either lubricated or nonlubricated cylinders.
Std 671
Compressors covered by this standard are of low to moderate speed and in
critical services. Also covered are related lubricating systems, controls,
Special Purpose Couplings for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas
instrumentation, intercoolers, aftercoolers, pulsation suppression devices,
Industry Services
and other auxiliary equipment. Pages: 190
Specifies the requirements for couplings for the transmission of power
5th Edition | December 2007 | Reaffirmed: July 2017
between the rotating shafts of two machines in special-purpose applications
Product Number: C61805 | Price: $196.00
in the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. Such
applications are typically in large and/or high speed machines, in services
Std 618 *
that can be required to operate continuously for extended periods, are often
unspared and are critical to the continued operation of the installation. By
Reciprocating Compressors for Petroleum, Chemical and Gas
agreement, it can be used for other applications or services.
Industry Services-Russian
Couplings covered are designed to accommodate parallel (or lateral) offset,
(ANSI/API Std 618)
angular misalignment and axial displacement of the shafts without imposing
(includes Errata 1 dated November 2009 and Errata 2 dated
unacceptable mechanical loading on the coupled machines. It is applicable to
July 2010)
gear, metallic flexible element, quill shaft and torsionally resilient type
couplings. Torsional damping and resilient type couplings are detailed in Annex
Russian translation of Std 618.
A; gear-type couplings are detailed in Annex B and quill shaft style coupling are
5th Edition | December 2007 | Reaffirmed: July 2017
detailed in Annex C. Also covers the design, materials of construction,
Product Number: C61805R | Price: $196.00
manufacturing quality, inspection and testing special purpose couplings.
Pages: 103
Std 619/ISO 10440-1:2007
5th Edition | August 2020 | Product Number: C67105 | Price: $253.00
Rotary-Type Positive Displacement Compressors for Petroleum,
Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries
Std 672
(includes Errata 1 to datasheets dated August 2018)
Packaged, Integrally Geared Centrifugal Air Compressors for
Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Specifies requirements for dry and oil-flooded, helical-lobe rotary
compressors used for vacuum or pressure or both in petroleum,
Covers the minimum requirements for constant-speed, packaged, general
petrochemical, and gas industry services. It is intended for compressors that
purpose integrally geared centrifugal air compressors, including their
are in special-purpose applications. It is not applicable to general-purpose
accessories. This standard is not applicable to machines that develop a
air compressors, liquid-ring compressors, or vane-type compressors.
pressure rise of less than 0.35 bar (5.0 psi) above atmospheric pressure,
which are classed as fans or blowers. Pages: 125
This edition of API Std 619 is the identical national adoption of
ISO 10440-1:2007. Pages: 135
5th Edition | August 2019 | Product Number: C67205 | Price: $315.00
5th Edition | December 2010 | Product Number: CX61905 | Price: $234.00
Std 673
Centrifugal Fans for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Std 619/ISO 10440-1:2007 *
Rotary-Type Positive Displacement Compressors for Petroleum,
Covers the minimum requirements for centrifugal fans for use in petroleum,
chemical, and gas industry services. Fan static pressure rise is limited to
Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries-Russian
differential usually not exceeding 130 in. (330 cm) of water equivalent air
(includes Errata 1 to datasheets dated August 2018)
pressure from a single impeller or each impeller in a two stage fan. This
Russian translation of Std 619/ISO 10440-1:2007.
standard does not apply to axial flow, aerial cooler, cooling tower, and
ventilation fans and positive displacement blowers.
5th Edition | December 2010
This standard covers equipment for both general purpose and special purpose
Product Number: CX61905R | Price: $234.00
applications. The purchaser shall determine which classification applies. Refer
to Section 3 for definition of the terms general purpose and special purpose.
Additional or overriding requirements applicable to special purpose
applications are included at the end of each section (e.g. 6.7.5, etc.).
Pages: 113
3rd Edition | December 2014 | Product Number: C67303 | Price: $184.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
99
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Std 673 *
Std 676
Centrifugal Fans for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry
Positive Displacement Pumps-Rotary
Services-Russian
Covers the minimum requirements for rotary positive displacement process
pumps and pump units for use in the petroleum, petrochemical, and gas
Russian translation of Std 673.
industry services. Controlled-volume pumps, hydraulically driven pumps and
3rd Edition | December 2014
positive displacement reciprocating pumps are not included. Pages: 101
Product Number: C67303R | Price: $184.00
4th Edition | February 2022 | Product Number: C67604 | Price: $179.00
Std 674
Std 677
Positive Displacement Pumps-Reciprocating
General-Purpose, Extruder, and Epicyclic Gear Units for Petroleum,
(includes Errata 1 dated May 2014 and Errata 2 dated April 2015)
Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Covers the minimum requirements for reciprocating positive displacement
Covers the minimum requirements for general-purpose, enclosed single and
pumps and pump units for use in the petroleum, petrochemical, and gas
multistage gear units incorporating parallel shaft spur, and helical gears for
industry services. Both direct-acting and power-frame types are included.
use in the petroleum, chemical, and gas industry services. General-purpose
Controlled-volume pumps, hydraulically driven pumps, and rotary pumps are
and extruder gears manufactured according to this standard are limited to
not included. Pages: 95
pitch line velocities that do not exceed 60 m/s (12,000 ft/min). Pages: 188
3rd Edition | December 2010 | Reaffirmed: November 2016
4th Edition | September 2021 | Product Number: C67704 | Price: $194.00
2-Year Extension: November 2015
Product Number: C67403 | Price: $202.00
Std 681
Liquid Ring Compressors and Vacuum Pumps in Petroleum,
Std 674 *
Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Positive Displacement Pumps-Reciprocating-Russian
Defines the minimum requirements for the basic design, inspection, testing,
(includes Errata 1 dated May 2014 and Errata 2 dated April 2015)
and preparation for shipment of liquid ring vacuum pump and compressor
Russian translation of Std 674.
systems for service in the petroleum, chemical, and gas industries. It includes
both vacuum pump and compressor design and system design. Pages: 151
3rd Edition | December 2010 | Reaffirmed: November 2016
Product Number: C67403R | Price: $202.00
2nd Edition | July 2021 | Product Number: C68102 | Price: $175.00
Std 675
Std 682
Positive Displacement Pumps-Controlled Volume for Petroleum,
Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps
Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Specifies requirements and gives recommendations for sealing systems for
centrifugal and rotary pumps used in the petroleum, natural gas, and
(includes Errata 1 dated June 2014 and Errata 2 dated April 2015)
chemical industries. See A.1.1 and A.1.2. It is the responsibility of the
Covers the minimum requirements for reciprocating, controlled volume
purchaser or seal vendor to ensure that the selected seal and auxiliaries are
pumps, and pump units for use in the petroleum, petrochemical, and gas
suitable for the intended service condition. It is applicable mainly for
industry services. These pumps are either hydraulic diaphragm or packed
hazardous, flammable, and/or toxic services where a greater degree of
plunger design. Rotary positive displacement pumps are not included.
reliability is required for the improvement of equipment availability and the
Diaphragm pumps that use direct mechanical actuation are also excluded.
reduction of both emissions to the atmosphere and life-cycle sealing costs. It
NOTE See Std 674 for positive displacement reciprocating pumps and Std 670 for
covers seals for pump shaft diameters from 20 mm (0.75 in.) to 110 mm
(4.3 in.). This standard is also applicable to seal spare parts and can be
positive displacement rotary pumps.
referred to for the upgrading of existing equipment. A classification system
This standard requires the purchaser to specify certain details and features.
for the seal configurations covered by this standard into categories, types,
A bullet (•) at the beginning of a paragraph indicates that either a decision
arrangements, and orientations is provided.
by, or further information from, the purchaser is required. Further information
This standard is referenced normatively in Std 610. It is applicable to both
should be shown on the datasheets (see example in Annex A) or stated in
new and retrofitted pumps and to pumps other than Std 610 pumps (e.g.
the quotation request and purchase order. Pages: 64
ASME B73.1, ASME B73.2, and Std 676 pumps). This standard might also
3rd Edition | November 2012 | Reaffirmed: July 2021
be referenced by other machinery standards such as other pumps,
Product Number: C67503 | Price: $138.00
compressors, and agitators. Users are cautioned that this standard is not
specifically written to address all of the potential applications that a
purchaser may specify. This is especially true for the size envelope specified
Std 675 *
for Std 682 seals. The purchaser and seal vendor shall mutually agree on the
Positive Displacement Pumps-Controlled Volume for Petroleum,
features taken from this standard and used in the application. Pages: 256
Chemical, and Gas Industry Services-Russian
4th Edition | May 2014 | Reaffirmed: May 2022
(includes Errata 1 dated June 2014 and Errata 2 dated April 2015)
Product Number: C68204 | Price: $277.00
Russian translation of Std 675.
3rd Edition | November 2012 | Reaffirmed: July 2021
Std 682 *
Product Number: C67503R | Price: $138.00
Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps-
Chinese
Chinese translation of Std 682.
4th Edition | May 2014 | Reaffirmed: May 2022
Product Number: C68204C | Price: $277.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
100
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Std 682 *
RP 687
Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps-
Rotor Repair
Russian
Covers the minimum requirements for the inspection and repair of special
Russian translation of Std 682.
purpose rotating equipment rotors, bearings and couplings used in
petroleum, chemical, and gas industry service. Pages: 540
4th Edition | May 2014 | Reaffirmed: May 2022
Product Number: C68204R | Price: $277.00
1st Edition | September 2001 | Reaffirmed: March 2015
Product Number: C68701 | Price: $289.00
RP 684
API Standard Paragraphs Rotordynamic Tutorial: Lateral Critical
RP 688
Speeds, Unbalance Response, Stability, Train Torsionals, and Rotor
Pulsation and Vibration Control in Positive Displacement Machinery
Balancing
Systems for Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Natural Gas Industry
Describes, discusses, and clarifies the section of the API Standard
Services
Paragraphs that outline the complete lateral and torsional rotordynamics and
Provides guidance on the application of pulsation and vibration control
rotor balancing acceptance program designed by API to ensure equipment
requirements found in the API purchasing specifications for positive
mechanical reliability. Background material on the fundamentals of these
displacement machinery. The fundamentals of pulsation and piping system
subjects (including terminology) along with rotor modeling utilized in this
analysis are presented in Part 1. Part 2 deals specifically with reciprocating
analysis is presented for those unfamiliar with the subject. This document is
compressors and provides commentary regarding each paragraph of Section
an introduction to the major aspects of rotating equipment vibrations that
7.9 of Std 618, 5th Edition. Pages 128
are addressed during a typical lateral dynamics analysis. Pages: 303
1st Edition | April 2012 | Reaffirmed; July 2021
2nd Edition | August 2005 | Reaffirmed: November 2010
Product Number: C68801 | Price: $170.00
Product Number: C68402 | Price: $191.00
RP 691
TR 684-1
Risk-Based Machinery Management
API Standard Paragraphs Rotordynamic Tutorial: Lateral Critical
Defines the minimum requirements for the management of health, safety,
Speeds, Unbalance Response, Stability, Train Torsionals, and Rotor
and environmental (HSE) risks across the machinery life cycle. It shall be
Balancing
applied to the subset of operating-company- and/or vendor-defined high-
risk machinery. Pages: 198
Describes, discusses, and clarifies the section of the API Standard
1st Edition | June 2017 | Product Number: C69101 | Price: $177.00
Paragraphs that outlines the complete rotordynamics acceptance program.
The acceptance program was designed by API to ensure mechanical
reliability of equipment. This document is an introduction to the major
Std 692
aspects of rotating equipment vibrations that are addressed during a typical
Dry Gas Sealing Systems for Axial, Centrifugal, and Rotary Screw
lateral dynamics analysis. Pages: 538
Compressors and Expanders
1st Edition | November 2019 | Product Number: C684101 | Price: $245.00
Covers the minimum dry gas sealing system requirements in association with
axial, centrifugal, and rotary screw compressors and expanders for use in the
Std 685
petroleum, chemical, and gas industry services as described in API 617 and
Sealless Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Gas
API 619. Pages: 258
Industry Process Service
1st Edition | June 2018 | Product Number: C69201 | Price: $179.00
Covers the minimum requirements for sealless centrifugal pumps for use in
petroleum, heavy-duty petrochemical, and gas industry services. It is
EQUIPMENT DATASHEETS
applicable to single-stage overhung pumps of two classifications, magnetic
drive pumps (MDPs) and canned motor pumps (CMPs). Sections 2 through
Electronically formatted mechanical equipment standards datasheets are
8 and Section 10 cover requirements applicable to both classifications.
now available in electronic format (Excel 5.0 spreadsheets):
Section 9 is divided into two subsections and covers requirements unique to
each classification. Pages: 197
All of the following datasheets are available for single user at $65.00 each or
3rd Edition | July 2022 | Product Number: C68503 | Price: $245.00
for intranet licensing at $317.00 each.
Std 610, 12th Edition
Std 660, 9th Edition
Std 675, 3rd Edition
RP 686
Std 611, 6th Edition
Std 661, 7th Edition
Std 676, 4th Edition
Recommended Practice for Machinery Installation and Installation
Std 612, 8th Edition
Std 663, 2nd Edition
Std 677, 4th Edition
Design
Std 613, 6th Edition
Std 664, 1st Edition
Std 681, 2nd Edition
Provides recommended procedures, practices, and checklists for the
Std 614, 6th Edition
Std 670, 5th Edition
Std 682, 4th Edition
installation and precommissioning of new, existing, and reapplied machinery
Std 616, 6th Edition
Std 671, 5th Edition
Std 685, 3rd Edition
and to assist with the installation design of such machinery for petroleum,
chemical, and gas industry services facilities. In general, this RP is intended
Std 617, 9th Edition
Std 672, 5th Edition
Std 687, 1st Edition
to supplement vendor instructions and the instructions provided by the
Std 618, 5th Edition
Std 673, 3rd Edition
original equipment manufacturer (OEM) should be carefully followed with
Std 619, 5th Edition
Std 674, 3rd Edition
regard to equipment installation and checkout. Most major topics of this RP
are subdivided into sections of “Installation Design” and “Installation” with
the intent being that each section can be removed and used as needed by
Mechanical Equipment Residual Unbalance Worksheets
the appropriate design or installation personnel. Pages: 254
Electronic versions of the residual unbalance worksheets that appear in
2nd Edition | December 2009 | Reaffirmed: November 2014
mechanical equipment standards (Excel) along with instructions (Word).
Product Number: C68602 | Price: $203.00
Price: $124.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
101
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The API Specification Database
Spec 12F
The American Petroleum Institute Specification Database Software™
Specification for Shop-Welded Tanks for Storage of Production
provides a knowledge-management toolset for the project engineering team.
Liquids
Facilitates the entire equipment specification process including the entry of
Covers material, design, fabrication, and testing requirements for new shop-
process data and release to design to the final entry of mechanical
fabricated vertical, cylindrical, aboveground, welded steel storage tanks in
datasheets and development of the technical bid specification package.
the standard sizes and capacities, and for internal pressures approximately
Electronic outputs can be combined to form a master technical specification
atmospheric, given in Table 1.
bid package for quotation and purchasing purposes with a modern tree-view
This specification is designed to provide the oil production industry with tanks
format for ease of navigation. Completed projects provide on-going
of adequate safety and reasonable economy for use in the storage of crude
documentation for plant equipment assets-improving safety and reliability.
petroleum and other liquids commonly handled and stored by the production
Available in a full-featured corporate wide Oracle® format or a portable
segment of the industry. This specification is for the convenience of
ODBC database format with primary focus on equipment datasheets.
purchasers and manufacturers in ordering and fabricating tanks. Pages: 35
Contact EPCON International at (281) 398-9400
13th Edition | January 2019 | Effective Date: July 1, 2019
or visit the EPCON website: http://www.epcon.com
Product Number: G12F13 | Price: $146.00
STORAGE TANKS
Spec 12P
Specification for Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Tanks
Impact of Gasoline Blended with Ethanol on the Long-Term Structural
Integrity of Liquid Petroleum Storage Systems and Components
Covers material, design, fabrication, and testing requirements for fiberglass
reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks. Only shop-fabricated, vertical, cylindrical
Summarizes the results of a literature review conducted for the American
tanks are covered. Tanks covered by this specification are intended for above
Petroleum Institute on the impact of gasoline blended with ethanol on the
ground and atmospheric pressure service. This specification applies to new
long-term structural integrity of liquid petroleum storage systems and
tanks. The requirements may be applied to existing tanks at the discretion of
components. It is anticipated that the use of ethanol in motor fuels will
the owner/operator.
continue to increase. This has generated interest about the potential long-
term structural effects of ethanol on liquid petroleum storage systems,
This specification is designed to provide the petroleum industry with various
including underground storage tanks (USTs), underground piping, and
standard sizes of FRP tanks. Because of the versatility of FRP tanks, the user
associated components. The objective of the literature review is to determine
shall be responsible for determining the suitability of FRP tanks for the
the state of industry knowledge and research on the effects of ethanol/
intended service. Unsupported cone bottom tanks are outside the scope of
gasoline blends on the long-term structural integrity of UST systems and
this specification. Pages: 27
components. This review is intended to assist decision-makers on further
4th Edition | February 2016 | Effective Date: August 1, 2016
research requirements and needed changes or supplements to existing
Product Number: G12P04 | Price: $117.00
standards for underground storage system components used for storing and
dispensing gasoline blended with ethanol. Appendix A may be purchased
Std 12R1
separately as an electronic database file. The database synopsis’ and
Installation, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection, and Repair of
bibliographic information for all articles reviewed for the project. The report is
Tanks in Production Service
organized by article index number. Reference numbers cited in this report
(includes Addendum 1 dated June 2021)
refer to the article index number. Pages: 25
For use as a guide for new tank installations and maintenance of existing
January 2003 | Executive Summary | Price: $71.00
tanks, Spec 12R1 contains recommendations for good practices in the
Appendix A-Literature Review | Price $138.00
collection of well or lease production; gauging; delivery to pipeline carriers for
transportation; and other production storage and treatment operations. This
Spec 12B
recommended practice is intended primarily for application to tanks
Specification for Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids
fabricated to Specs 12F, 12D, 12F, and 12P when employed in on-land
production service, but its basic principles are applicable to atmospheric
Covers material, design, fabrication, and testing requirements for vertical,
tanks of other dimensions and specifications when they are employed in
cylindrical, aboveground, closed and open-top, bolted steel storage tanks in
similar oil and gas production, treating, and processing services. It is not
various standard sizes and capacities with internal pressures approximating
applicable to refineries, petrochemical plants, marketing bulk stations, or
atmospheric pressure. This specification is designed to provide the oil
production industry with safe and economical bolted tanks of adequate
pipeline storage facilities operated by carriers. Pages: 53
safety and reasonable economy for use in the storage of crude petroleum
6th Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: G12R16 | Price: $157.00
and other liquids commonly handled and stored by the production segment
of the industry. Pages: 30
Std 620
17th Edition | December 2020
Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
Product Number: G12B17 | Price: $143.00
(includes Addendum 1 dated November 2014, Addendum 2 dated
April 2018, and Addendum 3 dated September 2021)
Spec 12D
Covers the design and construction of large field-assembled, welded, low-
Specification for Field-Welded Tanks for Storage of Production
pressure carbon steel above ground storage tanks (including flat-bottom
Liquids
tanks) that have a single vertical axis of revolution, that contain petroleum
Covers material, design, fabrication, and testing requirements for vertical,
intermediates (gases or vapors) and finished products, as well as other
cylindrical, aboveground, closed top, welded steel storage tanks with internal
liquid products commonly handled and stored by the various branches of
pressures approximately atmospheric at various sizes and capacities ranging
the industry.
from 500 to 10,000 barrels. This specification is designed to provide the oil
Covered are tanks designed for metal temperatures not greater than 250 °F
production industry with tanks of adequate safety and reasonable economy
and with pressures in their gas or vapor spaces not more than 15 pounds per
for use in the storage of crude petroleum and other liquids commonly
square inch gauge. The basic rules in this standard provide for installation in
handled and stored by the production segment of the industry. This
areas where the lowest recorded 1-day mean atmospheric temperature is
specification is for the convenience of purchasers and manufacturers in
-50 °F. Annex S covers stainless steel low-pressure storage tanks in ambient
ordering and fabricating tanks. Pages: 29
temperature service in all areas, without limit on low temperatures. Annex R
12th Edition | June 2017 | Effective Date: December 1, 2017
Product Number: G12D12 | Price: $116.00
102
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covers low-pressure storage tanks for refrigerated products at temperatures
protection to existing and new aboveground storage tanks. Corrosion control
from +40 °F to -60 °F. Annex Q covers low-pressure storage tanks for
methods based on chemical control of the environment or the use of
liquefied gases at temperatures not lower than -325 °F.
protective coatings are not covered in detail.
This standard is applicable to tanks that (a) hold or store liquids with gases
When cathodic protection is used for aboveground storage tank applications,
or vapors above their surface or (b) hold or store gases or vapors alone.
it is the intent of this RP to provide information and guidance specific to
These rules do not apply to lift-type gas holders.
aboveground metallic storage tanks in hydrocarbon service. Certain practices
recommended herein may also be applicable to tanks in other services. It is
Although the rules in this standard do not cover horizontal tanks, they are not
intended to serve only as a guide to persons interested in cathodic
intended to preclude the application of appropriate portions to the design
protection. Specific cathodic protection designs are not provided. Such
and construction of horizontal tanks designed in accordance with good
designs should be developed by a person thoroughly familiar with cathodic
engineering practice. Pages: 288
protection practices for aboveground petroleum storage tanks.
12th Edition | October 2013 | Product Number: C62012 | Price: $471.00
This RP does not designate specific practices for every situation because the
varied conditions in which tank bottoms are installed preclude
Std 620 *
standardization of cathodic protection practices. Pages: 46
Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-Pressure Storage
4th Edition | September 2014 | Product Number: C65104 | Price: $136.00
Tanks-Chinese
(includes Addendum 1 dated November 2014, Addendum 2 dated
RP 651 *
April 2018, and Addendum 3 dated September 2021)
Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks-
Chinese translation of Std 620.
Chinese
12th Edition | October 2013 | Product Number: C62012C | Price: $471.00
Chinese translation of RP 651.
4th Edition | September 2014
Std 625
Product Number: C65104C | Price: $136.00
Tank Systems for Refrigerated Liquefied Gas Storage
(includes Addendum 1 dated July 2013, Addendum 2 dated
RP 652
November 2014, Addendum 3 dated June 2018, and Addendum 4
Linings of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms
dated September 2021)
Provides guidance on achieving effective corrosion control by the application
Covers low pressure, aboveground, vertical, and cylindrical tank systems
of tank bottom linings in aboveground storage tanks in hydrocarbon service.
storing liquefied gases requiring refrigeration. This standard provides general
It contains information pertinent to the selection of lining materials, surface
requirements on responsibilities, selection of storage concept, performance
preparation, lining application, cure, and inspection of tank bottom linings
criteria, accessories/appurtenances, quality assurance, insulation, and
for existing and new storage tanks. In many cases, tank bottom linings have
commissioning of tank systems. Included are tank systems having a storage
proven to be an effective method of preventing internal corrosion of steel
capacity of 800 cubic meters (5000 bbls) and larger. Stored product shall
tank bottoms.
be liquids which are in a gaseous state at ambient temperature and
Provides information and guidance specific to aboveground steel storage
pressure and require refrigeration to less than 5 °C (40 °F) to maintain a
tanks in hydrocarbon service. Certain practices recommended herein may
liquid phase. Also covered are tank systems with a minimum design
also applicable to tanks in other services. This recommended practice is
temperature of -198 °C (-325 °F), a maximum design internal pressure of
intended to serve only as a guide and detailed tank bottom lining
50 kPa (7 psig), and a maximum design uniform external pressure of
specifications are not included.
1.75 kPa (0.25 psig).
This recommended practice does not designate specific tank bottom linings
Tank system configurations covered consist of a primary liquid and vapor
for every situation because of the wide variety of service environments.
containment constructed of metal, concrete, or a metal/concrete
Pages: 40
combination and, when required, a secondary liquid containment. Pages: 63
5th Edition | May 2020 | Product Number: C65205 | Price: $155.00
1st Edition | August 2010 | Product Number: C62501 | Price: $251.00
Std 653
Std 650
Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction
Welded Tanks for Oil Storage
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2018, Addendum 2 dated May 2020,
(includes Errata 1 dated January 2021)
and Errata 1 dated March 2020)
Establishes minimum requirements for material, design, fabrication,
Covers steel storage tanks built to Std 650 and its predecessor Spec 12C. It
erection, and testing for vertical, cylindrical, aboveground, closed- and open-
provides minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of such tanks
top, welded carbon, or stainless steel storage tanks in various sizes and
after they have been placed in service and addresses inspection, repair,
capacities for internal pressures approximating atmospheric pressure
alteration, relocation, and reconstruction.
(internal pressures not exceeding the weight of the roof plates), but a higher
The scope is limited to the tank foundation, bottom, shell, structure, roof,
internal pressure is permitted when addition requirements are met. This
attached appurtenances, and nozzles to the face of the first flange, first
standard applies only to tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported
threaded joint, or first welding-end connection. Many of the design, welding,
and to tanks in non-refrigerated service that have a maximum design
examination, and material requirements of Std 650 can be applied in the
temperature of 93 °C (200 °F) or less. Pages: 514
maintenance inspection, rating, repair, and alteration of in-service tanks. In the
13th Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: C65013 | Price: $565.00
case of apparent conflicts between the requirements of this standard and Std
650 or its predecessor Spec 12C, this standard shall govern for tanks that
RP 651
have been placed in service.
Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks
This standard employs the principles of Std 650; however, storage tank owner/
operators, based on consideration of specific construction and operating
Presents procedures and practices for achieving effective corrosion control
details, may apply this standard to any steel tank constructed in accordance
on aboveground storage tank bottoms through the use of cathodic
with a tank specification.
protection. This RP contains provisions for the application of cathodic
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
103
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This standard is intended for use by organizations that maintain or have access
Publ 937
to engineering and inspection personnel technically trained and experienced in
Evaluation of Design Criteria for Storage Tanks with Frangible Roof Joints
tank design, fabrication, repair, construction, and inspection.
Describes research that evaluated the ability of the present Std 650 tank
This standard does not contain rules or guidelines to cover all the varied
design criteria to ensure the desired frangible joint behavior. Particular
conditions which may occur in an existing tank. When design and construction
questions include:
details are not given, and are not available in the as-built standard, details that
will provide a level of integrity equal to the level provided by the current edition
evaluation of the area inequality as a method to predict the buckling
of Std 650 must be used.
response of the compression ring,
This standard recognizes fitness-for-service assessment concepts for
effect of roof slope, tank diameter, and weld size on the frangible joint, and
evaluating in-service degradation of pressure containing components. API
effect of the relative strength of the roof-to-shell joint compared to the
579-1/ASME FFS-1, Fitness-For-Service, provides detailed assessment
shell-to-bottom joint. Pages: 73
procedures or acceptance criteria for specific types of degradation referenced
1st Edition | April 1996 | Product Number: C93701 | Price: $146.00
in this standard. When this standard does not provide specific evaluation
procedures or acceptance criteria for a specific type of degradation or when
this standard explicitly allows the use of fitness-for-service criteria, API 579-1/
Publ 937-A
ASME FFS-1 may be used to evaluate the various types of degradation or test
Study to Establish Relations for the Relative Strength of API 650
requirements addressed in this standard. Pages: 162
Cone Roof, Roof-to-Shell and Shell-to-Bottom Joints
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C65305 | Price: $255.00
Investigates the relative strengths of the roof-to-shell and shell-to-bottom
joints, with the goal of providing suggestions for frangible roof design criteria
Std 653 *
applicable to smaller tanks. Pages: 68
Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction-Chinese
1st Edition | August 2005 | Product Number: C937A0 | Price: $133.00
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2018, Addendum 2 dated May 2020,
and Errata 1 dated March 2020)
TR 939-D
Chinese translation of Std 653.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel in Fuel Grade Ethanol-
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C65305C | Price: $255.00
Review, Experience Survey, Field Monitoring, and Laboratory Testing
(includes Addendum 1 dated October 2013)
Std 653 *
Addresses stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in carbon steel equipment used
Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction-Portuguese
in distribution, transportation, storage, and blending of denatured fuel
(includes Addendum 1 dated April 2018, Addendum 2 dated May 2020,
ethanol. API, with assistance from the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA),
and Errata 1 dated March 2020)
conducted research on the potential for metal cracking and product leakage
in certain portions of the fuel ethanol distribution system. TR 939-D contains
Portuguese translation of Std 653.
a review of existing literature, results of an industry survey on cracking events
5th Edition | November 2014 | Product Number: C65305P | Price: $255.00
and corrosion field monitoring, and information on mitigation and
prevention. Pages: 172
TR 654
2nd Edition | May 2007 | Product Number: C939D0 | Price: $174.00
Aboveground Storage Tank Caulking or Sealing the Bottom Edge
Projection to the Foundation
Std 2015
Provides guidance to owner/operators that have tanks that are set on a
Requirements for Safe Entry and Cleaning of Petroleum Storage Tanks
foundation system with the goal to protect the asset from deterioration by
Applicable to stationary atmospheric and low-pressure (up to and including
minimizing corrosion and foundation deterioration and allowing for proper
15 psig) aboveground petroleum storage tanks used in all sectors of the
support of the tank shell. The asset includes the tank itself, as well as the
petroleum and petrochemical industry, including crude oil and gas
foundation system.
production; refining; petrochemicals; pipelines and terminals; bulk storage;
This document does not require that caulking or sealants be installed at the
and ethanol facilities. This standard provides requirements for safely
bottom edge projection and the foundation of aboveground storage tanks. It
planning, coordinating, and conducting tank entry and cleaning operations,
provides guidance in situations in which caulking or sealants may be
from removal from service through return to service. Pages: 146
advantageous and should be considered.
8th Edition | January 2018 | Product Number: K20158 | Price: $215.00
This technical report applies to situations where an owner/operator is
considering caulk or sealant in this area, or if any regulatory agency requires
RP 2026
or recommends that an owner/operator installs some type of caulk or
sealant. This document will also consider how to inspect existing caulk and
Safe Access/Egress Involving Floating Roofs of Storage Tanks in
sealant, including maintenance procedures, and includes a suggested
Petroleum Service
inspection schedule. Pages: 23
Addresses the hazards associated with access/egress onto external and
1st Edition | May 2019 | Product Number: C65401 | Price: $115.00
internal floating roofs of in-service petroleum storage tanks and identifies
some of the most common practices and procedures for safely
TR 655
accomplishing this activity. This RP is intended primarily for those persons
who are required to perform inspection, service, maintenance, or repair
Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Storage Tanks
activities that involve descent onto floating roofs of in-service petroleum
Provides details on utilizing vapor corrosion inhibitors (VCIs) for protection of
tanks. Pages: 28
the soil side of tank bottoms. Pages: 28
4th Edition | July 2022 | Product Number: K202604 | Price: $110.00
1st Edition | April 2021 | Product Number: C65501 | Price: $72.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
104
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This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
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RP 2027
PRESSURE-RELIEVING SYSTEMS FOR REFINERY SERVICE
Ignition Hazards and Safe Work Practices for Abrasive Blasting of
Atmospheric Storage Tanks in Hydrocarbon Service
Std 520, Part I
Provides safe work practices for the prevention and control of vapor, ignition,
Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices-
and other potential hazards during abrasive blasting of aboveground storage
Part I-Sizing and Selection
tanks in liquid hydrocarbon service at atmospheric pressure. It also provides
Applies to the sizing and selection of pressure relief devices used in
assistance to employers in developing operating procedures that provide for
refineries and related industries for equipment that has a maximum
hazard recognition to significantly reduce ignition risks during abrasive
allowable working pressure of 15 psig (103 kPag) or greater. The pressure
blasting of hydrocarbon storage tanks in service that may contain or have the
relief devices covered in this standard are intended to protect unfired
potential to develop a flammable atmosphere in the vapor space. This RP
pressure vessels and related equipment against overpressure from operating
applies to safe work practices required for abrasive blasting of exterior shells
and fire contingencies.
and exterior roofs of all aboveground atmospheric storage tanks in liquid
hydrocarbon service. It also applies to safe work practices for abrasive
This standard includes basic definitions and information about the
blasting conducted on the roofs and inner portions of the exposed surfaces
operational characteristics and applications of various pressure relief
of shells (that portion of the shell above the roof level) on open-top
devices. It also includes sizing procedures and methods based on steady
(external) floating roof tanks. This RP also covers recognition and control of
state flow of Newtonian fluids. Atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks
ignition hazards that are specific to and may be present during abrasive
covered in Std 2000 and pressure vessels used for the transportation of
blasting of aboveground storage tanks in liquid hydrocarbon service at
products in bulk or shipping containers are not within the scope of this
atmospheric pressure. The ignition sources covered in this RP include static
standard. See Std 521 for information about appropriate ways of reducing
electricity, internal combustion engines, electric motors, friction sparks, hot
pressure and restricting heat input. The rules for overpressure protection of
metal surfaces, and external-to-the-work ignition sources. Pages: 27
fired vessels are provided in ASME Section I and ASME B31.1 and are not
within the scope of this standard. Pages: 172
4th Edition | November 2018 | Product Number: C20274 | Price: $132.00
10th Edition | October 2020 | Product Number: C520110 | Price: $404.00
RP 2207
Std 520, Part II
Preparing Tank Bottoms for Hot Work
Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices-
Addresses only the safety aspects of hot work performed on petroleum
Part II-Installation
storage tank bottoms. It discusses safety precautions for preventing fires,
explosions, and associated injuries. The term “hot work,” as used in this
Covers the methods of installation for pressure relief devices for equipment
publication, is defined as an operation that can produce a spark or flame
that has a maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP) of 15 psig
hot enough to ignite flammable vapors. RP 2009 provides more in-depth
(1.03 bar g) or greater. Pressure relief valves or rupture disks may be used
information on safe hot work practices, and its requirements are not
independently or in combination with each other to provide the required
duplicated here. Pages: 28
protection against excessive pressure accumulation. The term “pressure relief
valve” includes safety relief valves used in either compressible or
8th Edition | April 2022 | Product Number: K22078 | Price: $121.00
incompressible fluid service, and relief valves used in incompressible fluid
service. Covers gas, vapor, steam, and incompressible fluid service.
Std 2510
Pages: 69
Design and Construction of LPG Installations
7th Edition | October 2020 | Product Number: C5200207 | Price: $310.00
Provides minimum requirements for the design and construction of
installations for the storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at
Std 521
marine and pipeline terminals, natural gas processing plants, refineries,
Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems
petrochemical plants, and tank farms. This standard covers storage vessels,
Applies to pressure-relieving and vapor depressuring systems. Although
loading and unloading systems, piping, and related equipment. Pages: 52
intended for use primarily in oil refineries, it is also applicable to
9th Edition | August 2020| Product Number: C25109 | Price: $132.00
petrochemical facilities, gas plants, liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities, and
oil and gas production facilities. The information provided is designed to aid
Std 2610
in the selection of the system that is most appropriate for the risks and
Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of
circumstances involved in various installations. This standard specifies
requirements and gives guidelines for the following:
Terminal and Tank Facilities
examining the principal causes of overpressure;
Guides the management of terminals and tanks in a manner that protects
determining individual relieving rates;
the environment and the safety of workers and the public. This standard is
intended for petroleum terminal and tank facilities associated with
selecting and designing disposal systems, including such component
marketing, refining, pipeline, and other similar facilities. This standard may
parts as piping, vessels, flares, and vent stacks.
be used as a resource and management guide by those responsible for such
This standard does not apply to direct-fired steam boilers. Pages: 247
facilities and by those working on their behalf. This standard is a compilation
7th Edition | June 2020 | Product Number: C52107 | Price: $328.00
of industry knowledge, information, and management practices for all
relevant aspects of terminal and tank operations aggregated into an overview
document comprising best practices. Pages: 100
TR 522
Technical Report on Pressure-Relief System Calculations
3rd Edition | September 2018 | Product Number: C26103 | Price: $192.00
Provides equations and examples for performing relief system calculations.
Users are responsible for performing their own calculations and using
appropriate references for equations. This report contains a variety of
calculation examples for equations and methods found in API publications
on pressure-relief systems. Pages: 22
1st Edition | April 2022 | Product Number: C52201 | Price: $65.00
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
105
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Std 526
This publication does not cover training requirements for personnel involved in
the inspection and repair of pressure-relieving devices. Those seeking these
Flanged Steel Pressure-Relief Valves
requirements should see API 510/570, which gives the requirements for a
(includes Errata 1 dated September 2018)
quality control system and specifies that the repair organization maintain and
Purchase specification for flanged steel pressure-relief valves. Basic
document a training program ensuring that personnel are qualified. Pages: 80
requirements are given for direct spring-loaded pressure-relief valves and
4th Edition | April 2017 | Product Number: C57604 | Price: $227.00
pilot-operated pressure-relief valves as follows:
orifice designation and area;
RP 576 *
valve size and pressure rating, inlet and outlet;
Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices-Spanish
materials;
Spanish translation of RP 576.
pressure-temperature limits;
4th Edition | April 2017 | Product Number: C57604S | Price: $227.00
center-to-face dimensions, inlet and outlet.
Nameplate nomenclature and requirements for stamping are detailed in
Std 2000
Annex A. Pages: 53
Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks
7th Edition | September 2017 | Product Number: C52607 | Price: $227.00
Covers the normal and emergency vapour venting requirements for
Std 526 *
aboveground liquid petroleum or petroleum products storage tanks and
aboveground and underground refrigerated storage tanks, designed for
Flanged Steel Pressure-Relief Valves-Russian
operation at pressures from full vacuum through 103,4 kPa (ga) [15 psig].
(includes Errata 1 dated September 2018)
Discussed in this International Standard are the causes of overpressure and
Russian translation of Std 526.
vacuum; determination of venting requirements; means of venting; selection,
and installation of venting devices; and testing and marking of relief devices.
7th Edition | September 2017
Product Number: C52607R | Price: $227.00
This International Standard is intended for tanks containing petroleum and
petroleum products but it can also be applied to tanks containing other
Std 527
liquids; however, it is necessary to use sound engineering analysis and
judgment whenever this International Standard is applied to other liquids.
Seat Tightness of Pressure Relief Valves
This International Standard does not apply to external floating-roof tanks.
Describes methods of determining the seat tightness of metal- and soft-
Pages: 87
seated pressure relief valves, including those of conventional, bellows, and
7th Edition | March 2014 | Reaffirmed: April 2000
pilot-operated designs.
Product Number: C20007 | Price: $244.00
The maximum acceptable leakage rates are defined for pressure relief valves
with set pressures from 103 kPa gauge (15 psig) to 41,379 kPa gauge
PIPING COMPONENT AND VALVE STANDARDS
(6,000 psig). If greater seat tightness is required, the purchaser shall specify
it in the purchase order.
API 570
The test medium for determining the seat tightness-air, steam, or water-
shall be the same as that used for determining the set pressure of the valve.
Piping Inspection Code: In-Service Inspection, Rating, Repair, and
Alteration of Piping Systems
For dual-service valves, the test medium-air, steam, or water-shall be the
same as the primary relieving medium.
(includes Addendum 1 dated May 2017, Addendum 2 dated March
2018, and Errata 1 dated April 2018)
To ensure safety, the procedures outlined in this standard shall be performed
by persons experienced in the use and functions of pressure relief valves.
Covers inspection, rating, repair, and alteration procedures for metallic and
Pages: 13
fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) piping systems and their associated
pressure-relieving devices that have been placed in service. This inspection
5th Edition | July 2020 | Product Number: C52705 | Price: $108.00
code applies to all hydrocarbon and chemical process piping covered in
1.2.1 that have been placed in service unless specifically designated as
RP 576
optional per 1.2.2. This publication does not cover inspection of specialty
Inspection of Pressure-Relieving Devices
equipment including instrumentation, exchanger tubes, and control valves.
However, this piping code could be used by owner/users in other industries
Describes the inspection and repair practices for self-actuated pressure-
and other services at their discretion. Process piping systems that have been
relieving devices commonly used in the oil/gas and petrochemical industries.
retired from service and abandoned in place are no longer covered by this
As a guide to the inspection and repair of these devices in the user’s plant, it is
“in-service inspection” Code. However abandoned in place piping may still
intended to ensure their proper performance. This publication covers self-
need some amount of inspection and/or risk mitigation to assure that it
actuated devices such as direct acting spring loaded valves, pilot operated
does not become a process safety hazard because of continuing
pressure-relief valves, rupture disks, pin actuated devices, and weight-loaded
deterioration. Process piping systems that are temporarily out of service but
pressure vacuum vents.
have been mothballed (preserved for potential future use) are still covered
The recommendations in this publication are not intended to supersede
by this Code. Pages: 88
requirements established by regulatory bodies. This publication excludes tank
4th Edition | February 2016 | Product Number: C57004 | Price: $195.00
weak seams and/or sections or tank thief hatches, explosion doors, fusible
plugs, control valves, pressure regulating devices, integral rotating equipment
components, other devices that either depend on an external source of power
for operation or are manually operated or devices not designed to be
inspected or recertified. Inspections and tests made at manufacturers’ plants,
which are usually covered by codes or purchase specifications, are not covered
by this publication.
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
106
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RP 574
Std 599
Inspection Practices for Piping System Components
Metal Plug Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding Ends
Supplements API 570 by providing piping inspectors with information that
Covers steel, nickel base, and other alloy plug valves with flanged or butt-
can improve skill and increase basic knowledge of inspection practices. This
welding ends and ductile iron plug valves with flanged ends in sizes NPS 1/2
recommended practice describes inspection practices for piping, tubing,
through NPS 24 and threaded or socket-welding ends for sizes NPS 1/2
valves (other than control valves), and fittings used in petroleum refineries
through NPS 2. Valve bodies conforming to ASME B16.34 may have one
and chemical plants. Common piping components, valve types, pipe joining
flange and one butt-welding end, or one threaded and one socket welding
methods, inspection planning processes, inspection intervals and
end. Pages: 26
techniques, and types of records are described to aid the inspectors in
fulfilling their role implementing API 570. This publication does not cover
8th Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: C59908 | Price: $110.00
inspection of specialty items, including instrumentation, furnace tubulars,
and control valves. Pages: 113
Std 600
4th Edition | November 2016 | Product Number: C57404 | Price: $227.00
Steel Gate Valves-Flanged and Butt-Welding Ends, Bolted Bonnets
Specifies the requirements for a heavy-duty series of bolted bonnet steel
RP 578
gate valves for petroleum refinery and related applications where corrosion,
Guidelines for a Material Verification Program (MVP) for New and
erosion, and other service conditions would indicate a need for full port
Existing Assets
openings, heavy wall sections, and large stem diameters. Pages: 42
Provides the guidelines for the owner/user to develop and implement a
14th Edition | May 2021| Product Number: C60014 | Price: $146.00
material verification program (MVP) as part of an asset integrity program. The
MVP uses positive material identification and other methods to verify that the
Std 602
nominal composition of an asset, an asset component, or weldment within the
Gate, Globe, and Check Valves for Sizes DN 100 (NPS 4) and
pressure envelope is consistent with the selected or specified construction
materials.
Smaller for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries
A well-designed and implemented MVP is an important management system
Specifies the requirements for a series of compact gate, globe, and check
used to minimize the potential for the release of hazardous substances due to
valves for petroleum and natural gas industry applications. It covers valves of
nonconforming materials of construction. Pages: 28
the nominal pipe sizes DN: 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 65, 80, and 100;
3rd Edition | February 2018 | Product Number: C57803 | Price: $227.00
corresponding to nominal pipe sizes NPS: 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 11/4, 11/2,
2, 21/2, 3, and 4; and applies to pressure class designations: 150, 300,
RP 591
600, 800, and 1500. Pages: 72
Process Valve Qualification Procedure
11th Edition | May 2022 | Effective Date: November 1, 2022
Product Number: C60211 | Price: $147.00
Provides recommendations for evaluation of a manufacturer's valve
construction and quality management system for the purpose of determining
a manufacturer's capability to provide new valves manufactured in
Std 603
accordance with applicable standards listed. Testing per this recommended
Corrosion-Resistant, Bolted Bonnet Gate Valves-Flanged and Butt-
practice that does not have an established requirement in the applicable
Welding Ends
standard is for information only. Pages: 32
6th Edition | April 2019 | Product Number: C59106 | Price: $113.00
Specifies the requirements for corrosion-resistant bolted bonnet gate valves
meeting the requirements of ASME B16.34, Standard Class, for valves
having flanged or butt-weld ends in sizes NPS ½ through 24, corresponding
Std 594
to nominal pipe sizes in ASME B36.10M, and Classes 150, 300, and 600.
Check Valves: Flanged, Lug, Wafer, and Butt-Welding
This standard covers the requirements for corrosion-resistant gate valves for
Covers the design, materials, face-to-face dimensions, pressure-temperature
use in process piping applications. Covered are requirements for outside-
ratings, inspection, examination, and testing requirements for two types of
screw-and-yoke (OS&Y) valves with rising stems, non-rising hand-wheels,
check valves. Pages: 33
bolted bonnets, and various types of gate configurations. Pages: 9
9th Edition | February 2022 | Effective Date: August 2022
9th Edition | September 2018 | Product Number: C60309 | Price: $103.00
Product Number: C59409 | Price: $141.00
Std 607
Std 598
Fire Test for Quarter-Turn Valves and Valves Equipped with Nonmetallic
Valve Inspection and Testing
Seats
Covers inspection, examination, supplementary examinations, and pressure
Specifies fire testing requirements and method for confirming the pressure-
test requirements for resilient-seated, nonmetallic-seated (e.g. ceramic),
containing capability of quarter-turn valves with nonmetallic or metallic
and metal-to-metal-seated valves of the gate, globe, plug, ball, check, and
seat(s) and other operated valves with nonmetallic seating under pressure
butterfly types. Pages: 14
during and after the fire test. It does not cover the testing requirements for
10th Edition | October 2016 | Product Number: C59810 | Price: $104.00
valve actuators other than manually operated gear boxes or similar
mechanisms when these form part of the normal valve assembly. Other
Std 598 *
types of valve actuators (e.g. electrical, pneumatic, or hydraulic) may need
Valve Inspection and Testing-Russian
special protection to operate in the environment considered in this valve test,
and the fire testing of such actuators is outside the scope of this standard.
Russian translation of Std 598.
Pages: 26
10th Edition | October 2016 | Product Number: C59810R | Price: $104.00
8th Edition | October 2022 | Product Number: C60708 | Price: $105.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
107
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Std 608
Std 623
Metal Ball Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding Ends
Steel Globe Valves-Flanged and Butt-Welding Ends, Bolted Bonnets
Specifies the requirements for metal ball valves suitable for petroleum,
Specifies the requirements for a heavy-duty series of bolted bonnet steel
petrochemical and industrial applications that have butt-welding or flanged
globe valves for petroleum refinery and related applications where corrosion,
ends for NPS 1/2 through NPS 20 and threaded or socket-welding ends for
erosion, and other service conditions would indicate a need for heavy wall
NPS 1/4 through NPS 2, corresponding to the nominal pipe sizes in ASME
sections and large stem diameters. Pages: 39
B36.10M. Also applies to metal ball valves in pressure classes 150, 300,
2nd Edition | January 2021 | Product Number: C62302 | Price: $94.00
and 600 for flanged and butt-welding ends and in pressure classes 150,
300, 600, and 800 for socket-welding and threaded ends. Establishes
requirements for bore sizes described as full bore, single reduced bore, and
Std 624
double reduced bore. Covers additional requirements for ball valves that are
Type Testing of Rising Stem Valves Equipped with Flexible Graphite
otherwise in full conformance to the requirements of ASME B16.34,
Packing for Fugitive Emissions
Standard Class. Pages: 32
Specifies the requirements and acceptance criteria (100 ppmv) for fugitive
6th Edition | January 2020 | Product Number: C60806 | Price: $129.00
emission type testing of rising and rising-rotating stem valves equipped with
packing previously tested in accordance with Std 622. Packing shall be
Std 609
suitable for use at service temperatures -29 °C to 538 °C (-20 °F to
Butterfly Valves: Double-Flanged, Lug- and Wafer-Type, and Butt-
1000 °F). The type testing requirements contained herein are based upon
Welding Ends
elements of EPA Method 21. Valves larger than NPS 24 or valves greater
than class 1500 are outside the scope of this standard. Pages: 12
Covers design, materials, face-to-face dimensions, pressure-temperature
1st Edition | February 2014 | Product Number: C62401 | Price: $93.00
ratings, and examination, inspection, and test requirements for gray iron,
ductile iron, bronze, steel, nickel-based alloy, or special alloy butterfly valves.
Pages: 34
Std 641
9th Edition | April 2021 | Product Number: C60909 | Price: $114.00
Type Testing of Quarter-Turn Valves for Fugitive Emissions
Specifies the requirements and acceptance criteria for fugitive emission type
RP 615
testing of quarter-turn valves. The type testing requirements contained herein
Valve Selection Guide
are based on elements of EPA Method 21. Valves larger than NPS 24 and
valves greater than ASME B16.34 class 1500 are outside the scope of this
Aids in selection of valves for the hydrocarbon processing industry (HPI) and
standard. Valves with a pressure rating at ambient temperature less than
may also assist in the selection of valves for other industrial processes, such
6.89 barg (100 psig) are outside the scope of this standard. Repacking or
as power or general industry process applications. Selection guidance is
resealing of valves is outside the scope of this standard. Pages: 14
provided for valve types covered by ASME B16.34 and API valve standards
for the downstream segment, which include gate, ball, plug, butterfly, check,
1st Edition | October 2016 | Product Number: C64101 | Price: $81.00
and globe valves. Modulating control valves and pressure-relief valves are
outside the scope of this RP. Pages: 55
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND EQUIPMENT
3rd Edition | August 2022 | Product Number: C61503| Price: $104.00
RP 500
RP 621
Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical
Reconditioning of Metallic Gate, Globe, and Check Valves
Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1
Provides guidelines for reconditioning heavy wall (API 600 and API 594 type)
and Division 2
carbon steel, ferritic alloy (up to 9 % Cr), stainless steel, and nickel alloy gate,
(includes Errata 1 dated January 2014)
globe, and check valves for ASME pressure classes 150, 300, 400, 600,
Provides guidelines for determining the degree and extent of Class I, Division
900, 1500, and 2500. Guidelines contained in this RP apply to flanged and
1 and Class I, Division 2 locations at petroleum facilities, for the selection and
butt weld cast or forged valves. This RP does not cover reconditioning or
installation of electrical equipment. Basic definitions provided in the National
remanufacturing of used or surplus valves intended for resale. The only intent
Electric Code have been followed in developing this document which applies
of this RP is to provide guidelines for refurbishing an end user’s (Owner) valves
to the classification of locations for both temporarily and permanently
for continued service in the Owner’s facility. Valves reconditioned or
installed electrical equipment. RP 500 is intended to be applied where there
remanufactured to this RP may not meet API Standard requirements for new
may be a risk of ignition due to the presence of flammable gas or vapor,
valves. Pages: 54
mixed with air under normal atmospheric conditions. Pages: 146
5th Edition | October 2022 | Product Number: C62105 | Price: $162.00
3rd Edition | December 2012 | Reaffirmed; July 2021
Product Number: C50003 | Price: $302.00
Std 622
Type Testing of Process Valve Packing for Fugitive Emissions
RP 500 *
(includes Addendum 1 dated March 2022)
Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical
Specifies the requirements for comparative testing of block valve stem
Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1
packing for process applications where fugitive emissions are a consideration.
and Division 2-Kazakh
Packing(s) shall be suitable for use at -29 °C to 538 °C (-20 °F to
(includes Errata 1 dated January 2014)
1000 °F). Factors affecting fugitive emissions performance that are
considered by this standard include temperature, pressure, thermal cycling,
Kazakh translation of RP 500.
mechanical cycling, and corrosion. Pages: 37
3rd Edition| December 2012 | Reaffirmed; July 2021
3rd Edition | October 2018 | Product Number: C62203 | Price: $162.00
Product Number: C50003K | Price: $302.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
108
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This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
Refining
To purchase individual API standards, visit apiwebstore.org
RP 505
are rated less than 800 hp (600 kW) for two-pole (3000 or 3600 RPM)
Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical
motors of totally-enclosed construction,
are rated less than 1250 hp (930 kW) for two-pole motors of WP-II type
Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0,
enclosures,
Zone 1, and Zone 2
drive centrifugal loads,
Provides guidelines for determining the degree and extent of Class I, Zone 0,
drive loads having inertia values within those listed in NEMA MG 1
Zone 1, and Zone 2 locations at petroleum facilities for the selection and
Part 20),
installation of electrical equipment. Basic definitions provided in the
are not induction generators. Pages: 62
National Electrical Code have been followed in developing this document,
which applies to the classification of locations for both temporarily and
2nd Edition | May 2017 | Effective Date: November 1, 2017
permanently installed electrical equipment.
Reaffirmed: October 2022 | Product Number: C54702 | Price: $128.00
RP 505 is intended to be applied where there may be a risk of ignition due
to the presence of flammable gas or vapor mixed with air under normal
HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT STANDARDS FOR REFINERY SERVICE
atmospheric conditions. Pages: 177
2nd Edition | August 2018 | Product Number: C50502 | Price: $224.00
Std 530
Calculation of Heater-Tube Thickness in Petroleum Refineries
RP 540
(includes Addendum 1 dated July 2019 and Addendum 2 dated
Electrical Installations in Petroleum Processing Plants
December 2021)
Provides information on electrical installations in petroleum processing
Specifies the requirements and gives recommendations for the procedures
plants. It is intended for all individuals and organizations concerned with the
and design criteria used for calculating the required wall thickness of new
safe design, installation, and operation of electrical facilities in petroleum
tubes and associated component fittings for fired heaters for the petroleum,
processing plants. Pages: 107
petrochemical, and natural gas industries. These procedures are appropriate
4th Edition | April 1999 | Reaffirmed: August 2013
for designing tubes for service in both corrosive and non-corrosive
Product Number: C54004 | Price: $204.00
applications. These procedures have been developed specifically for the
design of refinery and related fired heater tubes (direct-fired, heat-absorbing
Std 541
tubes within enclosures). These procedures are not intended to be used for
Form-Wound Squirrel Cage Induction Motors-375 kW
(500
the design of external piping. This standard does not give recommendations
Horsepower) and Larger
for tube retirement thickness; Annex A describes a technique for estimating
the life remaining for a heater tube. Pages: 264
Covers the minimum requirements for all form-wound squirrel-cage induction
motors 500 Horsepower and larger for use in petroleum industry services.
7th Edition | April 2015 | Product Number: C53007 | Price: $314.00
This standard may be applied to adjustable speed motors and induction
generators with appropriate attention to the specific requirements of such
RP 534
applications. Pages: 160
Heat Recovery Steam Generators
5th Edition | December 2014 | Reaffirmed: May 2021
Provides guidelines for the selection and evaluation of heat recovery steam
Product Number: C54105 | Price: $206.00
generator (HRSG) systems. Details of related equipment designs are
considered only where they interact with the HRSG system design. The
Std 541 *
document does not provide rules for design, but indicates areas that need
Form-Wound Squirrel Cage Induction Motors-375 kW
(500
attention and offers information and descriptions of HRSG types available to
Horsepower) and Larger-Russian
the designer/user for purposes of selecting the appropriate HRSG. Pages: 60
Russian translation of Std 541.
2nd Edition | February 2007 | Reaffirmed: October 2013
5th Edition | December 2014 | Reaffirmed: May 2021
2-Year Extension: April 2013 | Product Number: C53402 | Price: $103.00
Product Number: C54105R | Price: $206.00
RP 535
Std 546
Burners for Fired Heaters in General Refinery Services
Brushless Synchronous Machines-500 kVA and Larger
Provides guidelines for the selection and/or evaluation of burners installed in
Covers the minimum requirements for form-wound and bar-wound brushless
fired heaters in general refinery services. Details of fired heater and related
synchronous machines 500 kVA and larger for use in petroleum, chemical,
equipment designs are considered only where they interact with the burner
and other industrial applications. This standard includes synchronous motors
selection. This RP does not provide rules for design, but indicates areas that
and generators with two different rotor designs: salient-pole type rotors with
need attention. It offers information and descriptions of burner types
solid or laminated poles; and cylindrical type rotors with solid or laminated
available to the designer/user for purposes of selecting the appropriate
construction. Pages: 269
burner for a given application.
4th Edition | April 2022 | Product Number: C54604 | Price: $225.00
The burner types discussed are those currently in industry use. It is not
intended to imply that other burner types are not available or recommended.
Std 547
Many of the individual features described in these guidelines are applicable
to most burner types.
General Purpose Form-Wound Squirrel Cage Induction Motors-
In addition to specification of burners, this RP has been updated to include
185 kW (250 hp) Through 2240 kW (3000 hp)
practical guidelines for troubleshooting in service burners as well as
Covers the requirements for form-wound induction motors for use in general-
including considerations for safe operation. Pages: 84
purpose petroleum, chemical, and other industrial severe duty applications.
3rd Edition | May 2014 | Product Number: C53503 | Price: $163.00
These motors:
are rated 250 hp (185 kW) through 3000 hp (2250 kW) for 4, 6, and 8
pole speeds,
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
109
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Std 536
RP 538
Post-Combustion NOx Control for Equipment in General Refinery
Industrial Fired Boilers for General Refinery and Petrochemical Service
and Petrochemical Services
Specifies requirements and gives recommendations for design, operation,
maintenance, and troubleshooting considerations for industrial fired boilers
Specifies requirements and provides guidance for the selection, design
used in refineries and chemical plants. Covers waterside control, combustion
specification, mechanical description, operation, maintenance, and test
control, burner management systems, feedwater preparation, steam purity,
procedures for post-combustion NOx control equipment and related
emissions, and more.
mechanical systems and components used for fired equipment in
petrochemical and general refinery service.
This recommended practice (RP) is based on the accumulated knowledge
This document covers the following methods of post combustion NOx
and experience of manufacturers and users of industrial fired boilers. It
reduction for both new and retrofit applications:
directly meets the business needs of refining and petrochemical industry
operator-users, equipment vendors and manufacturers, and contractors. This
Selective Non-catalytic Reduction (SNCR), and
RP reflects prevailing technical expertise.
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR).
This RP does not apply to fire tube boilers, gas turbine exhaust boilers, or
This standard is primarily intended for direct application to fired process
fluidized bed boilers. It does not cover boiler mechanical construction, nor
heaters, reformers, industrial, and power boilers in petrochemical and
does it cover forced circulation boilers. Pages: 348
general refinery services. The same fundamental NOx control technologies
1st Edition | October 2015 | Reaffirmed: April 2021
and systems may also be applied to Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units (FCCUs),
Product Number: C53801 | Price: $330.00
incinerators, gas turbine exhaust, and other exhaust gas process systems
however SCRs may require additional considerations beyond the scope of
this standard to address unique aspects, such as high particulate content
Std 560
and corrosive chemicals, in the flue gas stream.
Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service
This document does not cover:
(includes Addendum 1 dated May 2021)
Reduced NOx formation through combustion controls and design
Specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the design,
techniques such as low NOx burners, flue gas recirculation (FGR), and
materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, preparation for shipment, and
staged combustion; and
erection of fired heaters, air preheaters (APHs), fans, and burners for general
Non-selective Catalytic Reduction (NSCR) for the control of NOx and other
refinery service. This standard does not apply to the design of steam
pollutant emissions. Pages: 117
reformers or pyrolysis furnaces. Pages: 327
3rd Edition | September 2017 | Reaffirmed: October 2022
5th Edition | February 2016 | Product Number: C56005 | Price: $363.00
Product Number: C53603 | Price: $182.00
Std 565
Std 537
Thermal Reactors for Sulfur Recovery Units in General Refinery
Flare Details for Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Natural Gas Industries
Services
(ANSI/API Std 537)
Provides recognized industry requirements and guidance for the design,
(includes Addendum 1 dated June 2020)
specification, fundamental operation, instrumentation, control, safeguarding,
and maintenance of sulfur recovery unit (SRU) thermal reactors used in
Specifies requirements and provides guidance for the selection, design,
general refinery services. The scope of this standard includes application in
specification, operation, and maintenance of flares and related combustion
both air-only and oxygen-enriched modified-Claus process operations.
and mechanical components used in pressure-relieving and vapor-
Pages: 160
depressurizing systems for petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas
industries. While this standard is primarily intended for onshore facilities,
1st Edition | June 2022 | Product Number: C56501 | Price: $181.00
guidance related to offshore applications is included.
Annexes A through D provide further guidance and best practices for the
RP 573
selection, specification, and mechanical details for flares and on the design,
Inspection of Fired Boilers and Heaters
operation, and maintenance of flare combustion and related equipment.
Covers inspection practices for fired boilers and process heaters (furnaces)
Annex E explains how to use the data sheets provided in Annex F; it is
used in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants. The practices
intended that these data sheets be used to communicate and record design
described in this document are focused to improve equipment reliability and
information. Pages: 170
plant safety by describing the operating variables which impact reliability,
3rd Edition | March 2017 | Product Number: C53703 | Price: $260.00
and to ensure that inspection practices obtain the appropriate data, both
on-stream and off-stream, to assess current and future performance of the
equipment. Pages: 129
Std 537 *
4th Edition | January 2021 | Product Number: C57304 | Price: $175.00
Flare Details for Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Natural Gas
Industries-Russian
Std 660
(ANSI/API Std 537)
Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
(includes Addendum 1 dated June 2020)
(includes Addendum 1 dated August 2020)
Russian translation of Std 537.
Specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical
3rd Edition | March 2017 | Product Number: C53703R | Price: $260.00
design, material selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for
shipment of shell-and-tube heat exchangers for the petroleum, petrochemical,
and natural gas industries. This standard is applicable to the following types of
shell-and-tube heat exchangers: heaters, condensers, coolers, and reboilers.
This standard is not applicable to vacuum-operated steam surface
condensers and feed-water heaters. Pages: 62
9th Edition | March 2015 | Product Number: C66009| Price: $201.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
110
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Refining
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Std 660 *
Std 668
Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers-Russian
Brazed Aluminum Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers
(includes Addendum 1 dated August 2020)
Gives requirements and recommendations for the mechanical design,
Russian translation of Std 660.
materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for
9th Edition | March 2015 | Product Number: C66009R | Price: $201.00
shipment of brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers for use in the
petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. This edition is a
revision of the First Edition of Std 662, Part 2. Pages: 49
Std 661
Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Natural Gas Industries-Air-Cooled
1st Edition | November 2018 | Product Number: C66801 | Price: $147.00
Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Service
(ANSI/API Std 661)
Std 669
Gives requirements and recommendations for the design, materials,
Heat Recovery Systems
fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for shipment of air-cooled
Provides guidelines for heat transfer equipment used in waste heat recovery
heat exchangers for use in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas
systems in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries. Details
industries. This standard is applicable to air-cooled heat exchangers with
of related equipment designs are included only where these are necessary
horizontal bundles, but the basic concepts can also be applied to other
to ensure proper design and operation and safe interaction with the heat
configurations. Pages: 147
recovery system. It indicates areas that need attention and offers
7th Edition | July 2013 | Reaffirmed: November 2018
information and descriptions of various types of heat transfer equipment
Product Number: C66107 | Price: $271.00
available to aid in the selection of the appropriate heat recovery system.
Pages: 84
Std 661 *
1st Edition | June 2022 | Product Number: C66901 | Price: $137.00
Petroleum, Petrochemical, and Natural Gas Industries-Air-Cooled
Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Service-Russian
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
(ANSI/API Std 661)
RP 551
Russian translation of Std 661.
Process Measurement Instrumentation
7th Edition | July 2013 | Reaffirmed: November 2018
Product Number: C66107R | Price: $271.00
Provides procedures for the installation of the more generally used
measuring and control instruments and related accessories. Pages: 233
Std 663
2nd Edition | February 2016 | Product Number: C55102 | Price: $171.00
Hairpin Type Heat Exchangers
Specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical
RP 551 *
design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation
Process Measurement Instrumentation-Russian
for shipment of hairpin heat exchangers for use in the petroleum,
Russian translation of RP 551.
petrochemical, and natural gas industries. Hairpin heat exchangers include
double-pipe and multi-tube heat exchangers. Pages: 67
2nd Edition | February 2016 | Product Number: C55102R | Price: $171.00
2nd Edition | August 2022 | Product Number: C66302 | Price: $208.00
RP 552
Std 664
Transmission Systems
Spiral Plate Heat Exchangers
Reviews the recommended practices for the installation of electronic and
(includes Errata 1 dated February 2021)
pneumatic measurement and control-signal transmission systems. It does
not discuss leased wire, radio, and telemetering transmission. Pages: 39
Specifies the requirements and gives recommendations for the mechanical
design, materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for
1st Edition | October 1994 | Reaffirmed: November 2022
shipment of spiral plate heat exchangers for the petroleum, petrochemical, and
2-Year Extension: November 2012
natural gas industries. It is applicable to standalone spiral plate heat
Product Number: C55201|Price: $118.00
exchangers and those integral with a pressure vessel. Pages: 39
1st Edition | March 2014 | Reaffirmed: June 2019
RP 553
Product Number: C66401 | Price: $189.00
Refinery Valves and Accessories for Control and Safety Instrumented
Systems
Std 667
Addresses the special needs of automated valves in refinery services. The
Plate-and-Frame Heat Exchangers
knowledge and experience of the industry has been captured to provide
(formerly Std 662, Part 1)
proven solutions to well-known problems. This document provides
recommended criteria for the selection, specification, and application of
Gives requirements and recommendations for the mechanical design,
piston (i.e. double-acting and spring-return) and diaphragm-actuated
materials selection, fabrication, inspection, testing, and preparation for
(spring-return) control valves. Control valve design considerations are
shipment of plate-and-frame heat exchangers for use in petroleum,
outlined such as valve selection, material selection, flow characteristic
petrochemical, and natural gas industries. Pages: 55
evaluation, and valve accessories. It also discusses control valve sizing,
1st Edition | March 2022 | Product Number: C66701 | Price: $100.00
fugitive emissions, and consideration of the effects of flashing, cavitation,
and noise. Recommendations for emergency block and vent valves, on/off
valves intended for safety instrumented systems, and special design valves
for refinery services, such as Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) slide valves
and vapor depressurizing systems, are also included in this recommended
practice. Pages: 109
2nd Edition | October 2012 | Product Number: C55302 | Price: $157.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
111
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RP 553 *
RP 556P 556
Refinery Valves and Accessories for Control and Safety Instrumented
Instrumentation, Control, and Protective Systems for Gas Fired Heaters
Systems-Russian
Provides guidelines that specifically apply to instrument, control, and
Russian translation of RP 553.
protective system installations for gas fired heaters in petroleum production,
refineries, petrochemical, and chemical plants. Includes primary measuring
2nd Edition | October 2012 | Product Number: C55302R | Price: $157.00
and actuating instruments, controls, alarms, and protective systems as they
apply to fired heaters. Not covered in this RP are the following: oil fired and
RP 554, Part 1
combination fired heaters; water tube boilers which consist of single or
Process Control Systems, Part
1-Process Control Systems
multiple burners and are designed for utility operation or where the primary
Functions and Functional Specification Development
purpose is steam generation; fired steam generators used to recover heat
Addresses the processes required to successfully implement process control
from combustion turbines; oven and furnaces used for the primary purpose
systems (PCSs) for oil and gas production, refinery, and petrochemical
of incineration, oxidation, reduction, or destruction of the process medium;
services. The major topics addressed in Part 1 are the basic functions that a
water bath or oil bath indirect fired heaters; and CO boilers, pyrolysis
process control system may need to perform, and recommended
furnaces, and other specialty heaters. Pages: 66
methodologies for determining the functional and integration requirements
2nd Edition | April 2011 | Reaffirmed: April 2019
for a particular application. Pages: 53
Product Number: C55602 | Price: $165.00
3rd Edition | April 2021 | Product Number: C55403 | Price: $151.00
RP 556 *556
RP 554, Part 2
Instrumentation, Control, and Protective Systems for Gas Fired
Process Control Systems, Part 2-Process Control System Design
Heaters-Russian
Addresses the processes required to successfully implement process control
Russian translation of RP 556.
systems for refinery and petrochemical services. The major topic addressed
in Part 2 is practices to select and design the installation for hardware and
2nd Edition | April 2011 | Reaffirmed: April 2019
software required to meet the functional and integration requirements.
Product Number: C55602R | Price: $165.00
Pages: 65
1st Edition | October 2008 | Reaffirmed: November 2016
RP 557
2-Year Extension: November 2012
Guide to Advanced Control Systems
Product Number: C554201 | Price: $151.00
Addresses the implementation and ownership of advanced control systems
for refinery purposes. The document also described commonly used
RP 554, Part 2 *
practices for the opportunity identification, justification, project
Process Control Systems, Part 2-Process Control System Design-
management, implementation, and maintenance of advanced control
system applications in refinery service. Pages: 45
Russian
2nd Edition | October 2013 | Product Number: C55702 | Price: $119.00
Russian translation of RP 554, Part 2.
1st Edition | October 2008 | Reaffirmed: November 2016
TECHNICAL DATA BOOK PETROLEUM REFINING
Product Number: C554201R | Price: $151.00
Electronic Version of the API Technical Data Book
RP 554, Part 3
Improve the overall design and operations in today's highly complex
Process Control Systems, Part 3-Project Execution and Process
petroleum refinery process systems with the API Technical Database.
Control System Ownership
Version 1.0 of the API Technical Database replaces the printed format of the
Addresses the processes required to successfully implement process control
popular API Tech Data Books with a modern Windows interface that is so
systems for oil and gas production, refinery, and petrochemical services. The
unique it is patented. This single screen approach provides access to the
major topic addressed is he project organization, skills, and management
latest API physical property estimation methods and the software is critically
required to first execute a process control project and then to own and
reviewed and approved by the API Technical Data Committee. Included is a
operate a PCS. Pages: 48
database of property data for nearly 900 components, characterization of
petroleum fractions, and petroleum fraction distillation interconversions.
2nd Edition | January 2021 | Product Number: C554302 | Price: $116.00
Users can quickly determine petroleum fraction physical property data such
as critical properties, vapor pressure, density, liquid enthalpy, gas enthalpy,
API 555
heat of vaporization, liquid heat capacity, gas heat capacity, surface tension,
Process Analyzers
liquid viscosity, gas viscosity, liquid thermal conductivity, gas thermal
Addresses the considerations in the application of analyzers and associated
conductivity, and heat of combustion. Temperature-dependent properties
systems, installation, and maintenance. Process monitors that measure and
can be tabulated and graphed over any range, and distillation
transmit information about chemical composition, physical properties, or
interconversions are displayed graphically. This data can then be exported for
chemical properties are known as process analyzer systems. Process analyzers
use in simulation and engineering software programs.
are now used widely in the refining industry for
Contact EPCON International at 281-389-9400
monitoring and controlling product quality,
or visit the EPCON website: http://www.epcon.com
implementing advanced control strategies in improving process
operations,
enhancing area safety, and
continuous emission monitoring and environmental measurement of air
and water quality. Pages: 314
3rd Edition | June 2013 | Reaffirmed: June 2020
Product Number: C55503 | Price: $206.00
* These translated versions are provided for the convenience of our customers and are not officially endorsed by API. The translated versions shall neither replace nor supersede the
English-language versions, which remain the official standards. API shall not be responsible for any discrepancies or interpretations of these translations. Translations may not
include any addenda or errata to the document. Please check the English-language versions for any updates to the documents.
112
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Refining
To purchase individual API standards, visit apiwebstore.org
TECHNICAL DATA BOOK PETROLEUM REFINING: RELATED ITEMS
Thermodynamic Properties and Characterization of Petroleum
Fractions
Reports Issued by Research Project 49
February 1988
1951
API Research Project 49, Reference Clay Minerals, issued a series of eight
MATERIALS ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS
reports, as follows:
No. 1, Glossary of Mineral Names
API Coke Drum Survey 1996
No. 2, Reference Clay Localities-United States
Final Report
No. 3, Differential Thermal Analysis of Reference Clay Mineral Specimens
In 1996 a survey was sent by the API Subcommittee on Inspection, Coke
Drum Task Group, to companies operating coke drums in the United States
No. 4, Reference Clay-Europe
and abroad. This was the third survey of similar nature conducted by API.
No. 5, Occurrence and Microscopic Examination of Reference Clay Mineral
Fifty-four surveys were returned representing 17 operating companies and a
Specimens
total of 145 drums. The purpose of the survey was to collect data covering a
No. 6, Electron Micrographs of Reference Clay Minerals
broad range of issues including: 1. General Information; 2. Design;
3. Operating Information;
4. Inspection Practices;
5. Deterioration
No. 7, Analytical Data on Reference Clay Minerals
Experience; and 6. Repair Procedures.
No. 8, Infrared Spectra of Clay Minerals
Three of the six areas, Operation Information, Inspection Practices and
Deterioration Experience, were not covered in previous industry surveys.
TR 997
Additionally, this survey requested more detailed information than previous
Comprehensive Report of API Crude Oil Characterization Measurements
surveys. Pages: 61
October 2003 | Product Number: C096C1 | Price: $134.00
A consortium of API member companies has sponsored a research program
consisting of a series of projects on the characterization of crude oils. The
goal of this program was to obtain complete sets of assay and
Impact of Gasoline Blended with Ethanol on the Long-Term Structural
thermophysical property data on a few widely varying crude oil refining and
Integrity of Liquid Petroleum Storage Systems and Components
refining facilities. This report provides descriptions of the test procedures,
Summarizes the results of a literature review conducted for the American
discussions of their accuracy, and comprehensive compilation of the data for
Petroleum Institute on the impact of gasoline blended with ethanol on the
the crude oils measured under this program. Pages: 129
long-term structural integrity of liquid petroleum storage systems and
1st Edition | August 2000 | Product Number: C99701 | Price: $228.00
components. It is anticipated that the use of ethanol in motor fuels will
continue to increase. This has generated interest about the potential long-
CHARACTERIZATION AND THERMODYNAMICS
term structural effects of ethanol on liquid petroleum storage systems,
including underground storage tanks (USTs), underground piping, and
associated components. The objective of the literature review is to determine
API Monograph Series
the state of industry knowledge and research on the effects of ethanol/
Each publication discusses the properties of solid, liquid, and gaseous
gasoline blends on the long-term structural integrity of UST systems and
phases of one or a few closely related, industrially important compounds in
components. This review is intended to assist decision-makers on further
a compact, convenient, and systematic form. In addition to the basic
research requirements and needed changes or supplements to existing
physical properties, each publication covers density, molar volume, vapor
standards for underground storage system components used for storing and
pressure, enthalpy of vaporization, surface tension, thermodynamic
dispensing gasoline blended with ethanol. Appendix A may be purchased
properties, viscosity, thermal conductivity, references to properties of
separately as an electronic database file. The database synopsis’ and
mixtures, and spectrographic data.
bibliographic information for all articles reviewed for the project. The report is
Publ 705, Tetralin, 1978
organized by article index number. Reference numbers cited in this report
refer to the article index number.
Publ 706, cis- and trans-Decalin, 1978
January 2003 | Executive Summary | Price: $71.00
Publ 707, Naphthalene, 1978
Appendix A-Literature Review | Price: $138.00
Publ 708, Anthacene and Phenanthrene 9, 1979
Publ 709, Four-Ring Condensed Aromatic Compounds, 1979
RP 571
Publ 710, Pyridine and Phenylpyridines, 1979
Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining
Publ 711, Quinoline, 1979
Industry
Publ 712, Isoquinoline, 1979
Provides background information on damage that can occur to equipment in
Publ 713, Indanols, 1980
the refining process. It is intended to supplement Risk-Based Inspection
(RP 580 and Publ 581) and Fitness-for-Service (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1)
Publ 714, Indan and Indene, 1980
technologies developed in recent years by API to manage existing refining
Publ 715, Acenaphthylene, Acenaphthene, Fluorene, and Fluoranthene, 1981
equipment integrity. It is also an excellent reference for inspection, operations,
Publ 716, Carbazole, 9-Methylcarbazole, and Acridine, 1981
and maintenance personnel. This RP covers over 60 damage mechanisms.
Each write-up consists of a general description of the damage, susceptible
Publ 717, Thiphene, 2,3- and 2,5-Dihydrothiophene, and
materials, construction, critical factors, inspection method selection guidelines,
Tetrahydrothiophene, 1981
and control measures. Wherever possible, pictures are included and references
Publ 718, Aniline, 1982
are provided for each mechanism. In addition, generic process flow diagrams
Publ 719, Indole, 1982
have been included that contain a summary of the major damage flow
mechanism expected for typical refinery process units. Pages: 376
Publ 720, 2-, 3-, and 4-Methylaniline, 1983
3rd Edition | March 2020 | Product Number: C57103 | Price: $374.00
Publ 721, Benzofuran, Dibenzofuran, and Benzonaphthofurans, 1983
Publ 722, Isopropylbenzene, and 1-Methyl-2-, -3-, and
-4-Isopropylbenzene, 1984
Publ 723, tert-Butyl methyl ether, 1984
Publ 724, 1- and 2-Methylnaphthalene and Dibenzanthracenes, 1985
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
113
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RP 582
TR 932-C
Welding Guidelines for the Chemical, Oil, and Gas Industries
Use of Duplex Stainless Steels in Hydroprocessing Reactor Effluent
Provides supplementary guidelines and practices for welding and welding
Air Coolers (REACs)
related topics for shop and field fabrication, repair, and modification of the
Covers results of a survey of the petroleum refining industry concerning the
following:
use of duplex stainless steel (DSS) in hydroprocessing reactor effluent air
pressure-containing equipment, such as pressure vessels, heat
cooler (REAC) systems. The API Committee on Refining Equipment
exchangers, piping, heater tubes, and pressure boundaries of rotating
Subcommittee on Corrosion and Materials (SCCM) commissioned this
equipment and attachments welded thereto;
survey after several industry reports of weldment cracking failures with DSS
tanks and attachments welded thereto;
REAC system components, including REAC header boxes, tube-to-tubesheet
non-removable internals for process equipment;
welds, and associated piping. REAC component weldment cracking has
been addressed in SCCM documents, including TR 932-B and TR 938-C, in
structural items attached and related to process equipment;
published conference papers, and in a report issued by the Materials
other equipment or component items, when referenced by an applicable
Technology Institute (MTI). Pages: 48
purchase document.
1st Edition | August 2022 | Product Number: C932C01 | Price: $109.00
This document is general in nature and augments the welding requirements
of ASME BPVC Section IX and similar codes, standards, specifications, and
practices, such as those listed in Section 2. The intent of this document is to
RP 934-A
be inclusive of chemical, oil, and gas industry standards, although there are
Materials and Fabrication of 2 1/4Cr-1Mo, 2 1/4Cr-1Mo-1/4V, 3Cr-
many areas not covered herein, e.g. pipeline welding and offshore structural
1Mo, and 3Cr-1Mo-1/4V Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels for High-
welding are intentionally not covered. This document is based on industry
Temperature, High-Pressure Hydrogen Service
experience, and any restrictions or limitations may be waived or augmented
by the purchaser. Pages: 38
(includes Errata 1 dated September 2021)
3rd Edition | May 2016 | Product Number: C58203 | Price: $149.00
Covers materials and fabrication requirements for new 2¼Cr and 3Cr steel
heavy wall pressure vessels for high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen
TR 932-A
service. For this recommended practice (RP), “heavy wall” is defined as a
shell thickness of 4 in. (100 mm) or greater, and high-temperature is
A Study of Corrosion in Hydroprocess Reactor Effluent Air Cooler
considered to be operating temperatures of 650 °F (345 °C) and above.
Systems
This RP applies to vessels that are designed, fabricated, certified, and
Provides technical background for controlling corrosion in hydroprocesses
documented in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Division 2, including
reactor effluent systems based on industry experience and consensus
Paragraph 3.4, Supplemental Requirements for Cr-Mo Steels, and ASME
practice. Information for this report has been gathered from open literature,
Code Case 2151, as applicable.
private company reports, and interviews with representatives of major
Materials covered by this RP are conventional steels including standard
refining companies. The findings in this report are the basis for the guidance
2¼Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo steels, and advanced steels which include 2¼Cr-
in Bull 932-B. Pages: 49
1Mo-¼V, 3Cr-1Mo-¼V-Ti-B, and 3Cr-1Mo-¼V-Nb-Ca steels. This document
2nd Edition | September 2002 | Product Number: C932A0 | Price: $164.00
may be used as a reference document for the fabrication of vessels made of
enhanced steels (steels with mechanical properties increased by special
RP 932-B
heat treatments such as ASME SA-542, Grade B, Class 4) at the purchaser's
Design, Materials, Fabrication, Operation, and Inspection Guidelines
discretion. However, no attempt has been made to cover specific
for Corrosion Control in Hydroprocessing Reactor Effluent Air Cooler
requirements for the enhanced steels and they may be different than the
requirements for vanadium grade. Pages: 57
(REAC) Systems
3rd Edition | January 2019 | Product Number: C934A03 | Price: $135.00
Provides guidance to engineering and plant personnel on equipment and
piping design, material selection, fabrication, operation, and inspection
practices to manage corrosion and fouling in the wet sections of
TR 934-B
hydroprocessing reactor effluent systems. The reactor effluent system includes
Fabrication Considerations for Vanadium-Modified Cr-Mo Steel
the equipment and piping subject to ammonium salting, NH4HS corrosion,
Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels
and associated fouling. This system usually begins at the last feed/effluent
exchanger or first water injection point and continues through the cold high-
Best practice guideline to be used by fabricators, in conjunction with RP
pressure separator (1, 2, and 3 separator designs) or cold high- and low-
934-A, when constructing new heavy wall pressure vessels with vanadium-
pressure separators (4 and 5 separator designs). The reactor effluent system
modified Cr-Mo steels intended for service in petroleum refining,
specifically excludes the stripper, fractionator, and final separation sections.
petrochemical, or chemical facilities. These materials are primarily used in
However, guidance in this document may be applicable to ammonium salt
high-temperature, high-pressure services that contain hydrogen. The
corrosion mitigation in those areas, as well. The majority of these systems
document provides typical practices to be followed during fabrication, based
have an air cooler; however, some systems utilize only shell and tube heat
upon experience and the knowledge gained from actual problems that have
exchangers. Reactor effluent systems are prone to fouling and corrosion by
occurred during the fabrication of vanadium-modified Cr-Mo steels.
ammonium bisulfide (NH4HS) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) salts.
Pages: 44
This recommended practice is applicable to process streams in which NH4Cl
2nd Edition | January 2022 | Product Number: C934B02 | Price: $160.00
and NH4HS salts can form and deposit in equipment and piping or dissolve
in water to form aqueous solutions of these salts. Included in this practice
RP 934-C
are: details of deterioration mechanisms; methods to assess and monitor
Materials and Fabrication of 11/4Cr-1/2Mo Steel Heavy Wall
the corrosivity of systems; details on materials selection, design, and
fabrication of equipment for new and revamped processes; considerations in
Pressure Vessels for High-Pressure Hydrogen Service Operating at or
equipment repairs; and details of an inspection plan. Pages: 70
Below 825 °F (440 °C)
3rd Edition | June 2019 | Product Number: C932B03 | Price: $278.00
Covers materials and fabrication requirements for new 1¼Cr-Mo steel heavy
wall pressure vessels and heat exchangers for high-temperature, high-
pressure hydrogen service. It applies to vessels that are designed, fabricated,
certified, and documented in accordance with ASME Section VIII, Division 1
or Division 2. This document may also be used as a resource for equipment
fabricated of 1Cr-½Mo Steel. This document may also be used as a resource
when planning to modify an existing heavy wall pressure vessel.
114
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The interior surfaces of these heavy wall pressure vessels may have an
Although outside of the scope, this document can be used as a resource for
austenitic stainless steel or ferritic stainless steel weld overlay or cladding to
vessels down to lower shell thicknesses with changes defined by the
provide additional corrosion resistance.
purchaser. Pages: 27
For this recommended practice, “heavy wall” is defined as a shell thickness
2nd Edition | January 2018 | Product Number: C934E02 | Price: $147.00
2 in. (50 mm) or greater, but less than or equal to 4 in. (100 mm) at the
time of mill heat treatment.
TR 934-F, Part 1
Although outside of its scope, this document can be used as a resource for
Impact of Hydrogen Embrittlement on Minimum Pressurization
vessels down to 1 in. (25 mm) or lower in shell thickness, with changes
Temperature for Thick-Wall Cr-Mo Steel Reactors in High-Pressure
defined by the purchaser. Pages: 25
H2 Service-Initial Technical Basis for RP 934-F
2nd Edition | February 2019 | Product Number: C934C02 | Price: $118.00
In support of API Recommended Practice 934-F [Guidance for Establishing
a Minimum Pressurization Temperature (MPT) for Heavy Wall Reactors in
TR 934-D
High Temperature Hydrogen Service During Startups and Shutdowns, not yet
Technical Report on the Materials and Fabrication Issues of
published], the objective of this study is to establish the technical basis for
11/4Cr-1/2Mo and 1Cr-1/2Mo Steel Pressure Vessels
determining a minimum pressurization temperature necessary to avoid
Internal Hydrogen Assisted Cracking (IHAC) of weld metal and base plate of
Numerous 11/4Cr-1/2Mo and 1Cr-1/2Mo vessels have been constructed
temper embrittled 2¼Cr-1Mo steel in high pressure H2 service. The
and successfully used in various applications in petroleum industry and in
threshold condition for the onset of subcritical crack propagation-and its
other types of service applications. These vessels have been constructed
dependencies on dissolved hydrogen concentration, temperature, and steel
to the requirements of the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section
purity/temper embrittlement-are targeted as particularly important to
VIII, Divisions 1 and 2, and to various international pressure vessel codes
pressure vessel safe operations. A second objective is to improve the
and standards. The 11/4Cr-1/2Mo and 1Cr-1/2Mo vessels are typically
underlying database for fracture mechanics fitness-for-service (FFS)
used in service conditions (e.g., high temperature and/or high pressure
modeling of IHAC. Both analyses are built on the conservative rising-
hydrogen), which require heavy walls and cause in service deterioration. As
displacement threshold stress intensity factor for IHAC (KIH).
such, the steels are subject to special requirements, such as notch
toughness, elevated temperature tensile properties, hardness, fabrication
This investigation has accomplished 5 tasks, leading to conclusions that are
heat treatments, etc., which may limit the maximum thickness to be able
sufficient to establish RP 934-F on MPT to conservatively avoid IHAC in
to meet the desired properties. Corrosion protection by stainless steel weld
2¼Cr-1Mo steel.
overlay or cladding may also be required.
Task 1-Summarize and clarify the technical approach, assumptions, data,
This report provides background information and guidance on the
and modeling results used in Phase II JIP research to quantitatively establish
implementation of RP 934-C. In recent years it has been recognized
the H concentration and temperature dependencies of the threshold stress
that there are important distinctions that need to be considered for
intensity, KIH, for IHAC and the concentration dependence of MPT for
11/4/1Cr-1/2Mo steels. Whereas RP 934-A continues to provide
moderate-impurity 2¼Cr-1Mo steel.
materials and fabrication requirements for new 21/4/3Cr-1Mo and
Task 2-Validate the Phase II correlation of KIH and critical temperature vs H
21/4/3Cr-1Mo-1/4V steel heavy wall pressure vessels in high
concentration, based on new analyses of post-Phase-II IHAC data.
temperature, high pressure hydrogen service, different material, and
Task 3.0-Enhance the Phase II analysis of KIH vs crack tip H concentration,
fabrication requirements have been developed for 11/4/1Cr-1/2Mo
and thus MPT, by describing the interaction between temper embrittlement
steel heavy wall pressure vessels. These requirements are covered in
and IHAC using JIP Phase I data so as to predict the influence of modern
RP 934-C and 934-E. This document contains a description of key
steel purity.
damage mechanisms that relate specifically to 11/4/1Cr-1/2Mo
pressure vessels used in a variety of services. These damage
Task
4.0-Build on the hydrogen-damage-mechanism-based master
mechanisms include elevated temperature damage such as “reheat
correlation between KIH and crack tip stress field/microstructure-trapped H
cracking” or “creep embrittlement,” as well as other damage
to develop a H concentration similitude parameter that is useful in
mechanisms that may occur at lower temperatures. This document
engineering analysis of thick-wall reactor FFS and MPT.
provides information and guidance on successful practices for
Task 5.0-Validate the empirically based trends and predictions of the effects
fabrication of 11/4/1Cr-1/2Mo steel heavy wall pressure vessels for
of temperature and steel purity on the threshold stress intensity through
the intended services of both RP 934-C and RP 934-E. The survey of
consideration of state-of-the art theory and micromechanical modeling of
steel producers and vessel fabricators (Annex 1) indicates that there
IHAC. Pages: 118
is a need to evaluate the effect of heat treat cycles on materials
1st Edition | September 2017
properties (CVN toughness, tensile and yield strength). Pages: 56
Product Number: C934F101 | Price: $202.00
1st Edition | September 2010
Product Number: C934D01 | Price: $146.00
TR 934-F, Part 2
Literature Review of Fracture Mechanics-Based Experimental Data for
RP 934-E
Internal Hydrogen-Assisted Cracking of Vanadium-Modified 2-¼Cr-
Recommended Practice for Materials and Fabrication of 11/4Cr-1/2Mo
1Mo Steel
Steel Pressure Vessels for Service Above 825 °F (440 °C)
Documents a critical assessment of the existing literature on IHAC of V-
Includes materials and fabrication requirements for new 1¼Cr-½Mo and
modified Cr-Mo steels for use in interpreting the results of the present
1Cr-½Mo steel pressure vessels, including heat exchanger shells and
laboratory work and so as to establish a definitive characterization of the H
channels for elevated temperature service. It applies to vessels that are
cracking resistance of this steel class. Since these modern Cr-Mo-V steels
designed, fabricated, and documented in accordance with ASME Code
are of relatively high purity, and thus retain a low FATT after laboratory
Section VIII, Division 1, or Division 2 (hereafter referred to as “Code”). This
simulation of in-service temper embrittlement, the database for 2¼Cr-1Mo
document may also be used as a resource when planning to modify existing
provides a context for assessment of the IHAC performance of V-modified
pressure vessels. The interior surfaces of these pressure vessels and heat
grades. Hydrogen cracking of less pure V-modified Cr-Mo steels was not
exchangers (i.e. the surfaces exposed to the process) may or may not have
considered in this review. The content that follows is chronologically
an austenitic stainless steel (SS), ferritic SS, or nickel alloy weld overlay or
organized into initial and more modern works, as justified by improvement in
cladding to provide additional corrosion resistance.
test execution, data analysis, and reporting, as well as the evolution from
This RP is primarily intended for wall thicknesses less than 4 in. (100 mm),
laboratory to commercial scale heats of Cr-Mo-V. Pages: 46
and a preferred option for thicker components is to use 2¼Cr-1Mo alloys.
1st Edition | August 2017 | Product Number: C934F201 | Price: $135.00
This RP is applicable to shell thicknesses greater than 1 in. (25 mm).
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
115
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TR 934-F, Part 3
can be used for C-½Mo steel reactor vessels at the owner’s discretion and with
modifications as appropriate. Since this is a technical report, it does not
Subcritical Cracking of Modern 2¼Cr-1Mo-¼V Steel Due to
provide recommendations, but instead presents industry experience with case
Dissolved Internal Hydrogen and H2 Environment, Research Report
histories of repairs and recognized practices, much of which was documented
Conveys the results of API-sponsored research to: (a) quantitatively
as part of a Joint Industry Program (JIP) on Aging Reactor Vessels, conducted
characterize the internal hydrogen assisted cracking (IHAC) resistance of
in two phases between 1995 and 2004. Pages: 77
modern 2¼Cr-1Mo-¼V steel, in both base metal and weld metal product
1st Edition | May 2022 | Product Number: C934H01 | Price: $115.00
forms and including the effect of stressing temperature, (b) scope the
hydrogen environment assisted cracking (HEAC) resistance of 2¼Cr-1Mo-
TR 934-J
¼V base metal, (c) understand the mechanism(s) for the IHAC and HEAC
Inspection, Assessment and Repair of Coke Drums and Peripheral
behaviors of Cr-Mo and Cr-Mo-V steels, centered on H interactions with
microstructure-scale trap sites, and (d) assess application of data and
Components in Delayed Coking Units
understanding of IHAC and HEAC to determine the role of subcritical H-
Includes information and guidance on the practices used by industry
assisted cracking on a minimum pressurization temperature estimate
practitioners on the inspection, assessment, and repair of coke drums and
relevant to thick-wall hydro-treating reactor vessels. Pages: 170
peripheral components in delayed coking units. The guidance is general and
1st Edition | December 2017 | Product Number: C934F01 | Price: $189.00
does not reflect specific details associated with a design offered by licensors
of delayed coking technology or inspection tools, repair techniques, and/or
TR 934-F, Part 4
engineering assessments offered by contractors. Pages: 94
The Effects of Hydrogen for Establishing a Minimum Pressurization
1st Edition | September 2021 | Product Number: C934J01 | Price: $132.00
Temperature (MPT) for Heavy Wall Steel Reactor Vessels
Publ 935
Hydrogen, dissolved in the thick wall of a steel pressure vessel during steady-
Thermal Conductivity Measurement Study of Refractory Castables
state operation in elevated temperature, high-pressure H2, can cause both
slow-subcritical crack advance as well as unstable-catastrophic fracture
Compares the differences between measurement techniques used to
during shutdown and startup. This behavior is defined in Section 2. It follows
develop thermal conductivity of refractory castables. The following
that modern fracture-mechanics assessments of the minimum pressurization
procedures were examined: Water Calorimeter, Calorimeter-Pilkington
temperature (MPT) and fitness for service (FFS) must include the deleterious
Method, Hot Wire Method, Comparative Thermal Conductivity Method, and
effect of H on both subcritical and unstable internal hydrogen assisted
Panel Test. The refractory industry uses various methods for measuring and
cracking (IHAC). Two approaches are in draft stage to develop standard
reporting thermal conductivity. The accuracy of reporting and understanding
procedures that address this need; an API 934-F recommended practice
thermal conductivity are vital to developing the most cost effective, efficient,
and a WRC Bulletin 562 basis for ASME/API 579. The objective of this
and reliable equipment. The study makes no attempt to rank, classify or
technical report is to establish the technical basis necessary to enable and
assign accuracy to each of the measurement techniques. Pages: 22
validate these best practices for quantifying the effects of hydrogen on (a)
1st Edition | September 1999 | Product Number: C93501 | Price: $66.00
the MPT and (b) FFS of a thick wall hydroprocessing reactor. Pages: 112
1st Edition | November 2018
Std 936
Product Number: C934F401 | Price: $189.00
Refractory Installation Quality Control-Inspection and Testing
Monolithic Refractory Linings and Materials
RP 934-G
Design, Fabrication, Operational Effects, Inspection, Assessment,
Provides installation quality control procedures for monolithic refractory
linings and may be used to supplement owner specifications. Materials,
and Repair of Coke Drums and Peripheral Components in Delayed
equipment, and personnel are qualified by the methods described, and
Coking Units
applied refractory quality is closely monitored, based on defined procedures
Includes information and guidance on the practices used by industry
and acceptance criteria. The responsibilities of inspection personnel who
practitioners on the design, fabrication, operation, inspection, assessment,
monitor and direct the quality control process are also defined. In addition,
and repair of coke drums and peripheral components in delayed coking
this standard provides guidance for the establishment of quality control
units. The guidance is general and does not reflect specific details
elements necessary to achieve the defined requirements. Pages: 49
associated with a design offered by licensors of delayed coking technology,
4th Edition | June 2014 | Reaffirmed: January 2022
or inspection tools, operating devices/components, repairs techniques,
Product Number: C93604 | Price: $163.00
and/or engineering assessments offered by contractors. For details
associated with the design offered by a licensor or services provided by
Publ 937-A
contractors, the licensor or contractor should be consulted for guidance and
recommendations for their design details and operating guidance. This
Study to Establish Relations for the Relative Strength of API 650
document is a technical report and as such provides generally used
Cone Roof, Roof-to-Shell and Shell-to-Bottom Joints
practices in industry and is not an API recommended practice for coke
Investigates the relative strengths of the roof-to-shell and shell-to-bottom
drums in delayed coking units. Pages: 57
joints, with the goal of providing suggestions for frangible roof design criteria
1st Edition | April 2016 | Product Number: C934G01 | Price: $163.00
applicable to smaller tanks. Pages: 68
1st Edition | August 2005 | Product Number: C937A0 | Price: $133.00
TR 934-H
Inspection, Assessment, and Repair of Heavy Wall Reactor Vessels in
Publ 938-A
High-Temperature High-Pressure Hydrogen Service
An Experimental Study of Causes and Repair of Cracking of
Documents guidance for the inspection, assessment, and repair of heavy wall
1¼Cr-1/2Mo Steel Equipment
reactor vessels [nominally considered a wall thickness of 50 mm (2 in.) and
Gives the results of an experimental study conducted to provide the
greater] in high-pressure hydrogen service operating at temperatures below
petroleum industry with solutions to recurring incidents of cracking in the
455 °C (850 °F). It provides industry practices dealing with reactor vessels
application of welded
11/4Cr-1/2Mo steel for hydrogen processing
after construction and exposure to operating conditions. It focuses on reactor
equipment. Pages: 220
vessels fabricated from 2¼Cr-1Mo, 3Cr-1Mo, 2¼Cr-1Mo-¼V, and 3Cr-1Mo-
¼V steels. It also offers some guidance for heavy wall reactor vessels
1st Edition | May 1996 | Product Number: C93801 | Price: $178.00
fabricated from 1Cr-½Mo and 1¼Cr-½Mo steels, but specifically does not
pertain to C-½Mo steel vessels. However, guidance included in this document
116
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Publ 938-B
RP 939-C
Use of 9Cr-1Mo-V (Grade 91) Steel in the Oil Refining Industry
Guidelines for Avoiding Sulfidation (Sulfidic) Corrosion Failures in
Provides guidelines on the proper specifications for base metal and welding
Oil Refineries
consumables and successful fabrication, including welding and heat
Applies to hydrocarbon process streams with sulfur-containing compounds,
treatment requirements, for use of 9Cr-1Mo-V alloy steel in oil refinery
without the presence of hydrogen, that operate at temperatures above
services. This includes guidelines for preheat, postweld heat treatment,
approximately 500 °F (260 °C) up to about 1000 °F (540 °C). There is
procedure qualification, and mechanical and nondestructive testing. It
considerable debate in the industry as to the correct threshold temperature
covers the basic material and metallurgical properties of 9Cr-1Mo-V steel,
for hydrogen-free sulfidation and, in a change in this edition, the API 571
including a summary of the physical and mechanical properties, corrosion
threshold of 500 °F (260 °C) is adopted herein. Experience has shown that
and oxidation resistance, indicating possible corrosion and/or mechanical
little significant corrosion will occur at operating temperatures below 500 °F
failure mechanisms and how to avoid them. The appropriate base metal
(260 °C) for hydrogen free sulfidation services without the influence of
heat treatment is also given. This document also defines hardness limits for
naphthenic acid corrosion. Mercaptan corrosion, particularly in condensate
the base material and welds in order to avoid cracking failures due to wet
service, has been reported below this temperature, but is not explicitly
sulfide stress corrosion cracking or due to other possible failure
covered in the 2nd Edition of RP 939-C. For hydrogen-containing services,
mechanisms. A discussion of both proper and improper refinery service
the threshold temperature is set at 450 °F (230 °C).
applications for these steels is also provided. Pages: 40
A lower threshold limit for sulfur content is not provided because significant
1st Edition | June 2008 | Product Number: C938B01 | Price: $118.00
corrosion has occurred in the reboiler/fractionator sections of some
hydroprocessing units (which do not contain hydrogen) at measured sulfur or
TR 938-C
H2S levels as low as 1 ppm. Pages: 59
Use of Duplex Stainless Steels in the Oil Refining Industry
2nd Edition | January 2019 | Product Number: C939C02 | Price: $150.00
Covers many of the “lean,” “standard,” “super,” and “hyper” grades of duplex
stainless steels (DSSs) most commonly used within refineries. DSSs are
TR 939-D
finding increasing use in the refining industry, primarily because they often
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel in Fuel-Grade Ethanol:
offer an economical combination of strength and corrosion resistance. These
Review, Experience Survey, Field Monitoring, and Laboratory Testing
stainless steels typically have an annealed structure that is generally half
(includes Addendum 1 dated October 2013)
ferrite and half austenite, although the ratios can vary from approximately
35/65 to 55/45. Most refinery applications where DSSs are used are
Addresses stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in carbon steel equipment used
corrosive, and DSSs or other higher alloys are required for adequate
in distribution, transportation, storage, and blending of denatured fuel
corrosion resistance. However, some plants are also starting to consider DSS
ethanol. API, with assistance from the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA),
as a “baseline” material. These plants are using DSS in applications where
conducted research on the potential for metal cracking and product leakage
carbon steel may be acceptable, but DSSs have been shown to be more
in certain portions of the fuel ethanol distribution system. TR 939-D contains
economical considering their higher strength and better long-term reliability.
a review of existing literature, results of an industry survey on cracking events
and corrosion field monitoring, and information on mitigation and
The product forms within the scope are tubing, plate, sheet, forgings, pipe,
prevention. Pages: 172
and fittings for piping, vessel, exchanger, and tank applications. The Third
Edition of this report has added castings and hot isostatically-pressed (HIP)
2nd Edition | May 2007 | Product Number: C939D0 | Price: $174.00
components for pumps, valves, and other applications. The limited use of
DSSs as a cladding is also briefly covered within the document. Pages: 59
Bull 939-E
3rd Edition | February 2015 | Product Number: C938C03 | Price: $195.00
Identification, Repair, and Mitigation of Cracking of Steel Equipment
in Fuel Ethanol Service
Publ 939-A
Usage of fuel ethanol as an oxygenate additive in gasoline blends is
Research Report on Characterization and Monitoring of Cracking in
increasing, both in the United States and internationally. This document
Wet H2S Service
discusses stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of carbon steel tanks, piping and
equipment exposed to fuel ethanol as a consequence of being in the
Demonstrates the ability to characterize and monitor various aspects of
distribution system, at ethanol distribution facilities, or end user facilities
crack propagation in pressurized process equipment exposed to wet
where the fuel ethanol is eventually added to gasoline. Such equipment
hydrogen sulfide environments. It represents one of several significant
includes but is not limited to:
industry-wide efforts to study and to better understand this phenomenon.
Pages: 136
storage tanks,
1st Edition | October 1994 | Product Number: C93901 | Price: $170.00
piping and related handling equipment, and
pipelines that are used in distribution, handling, storage, and blending of
Publ 939-B
fuel ethanol.
Repair and Remediation Strategies for Equipment Operating in Wet
However, data for pipelines in ethanol service is limited and caution should
H2S Service
be used when applying guidelines from this document, which have been
derived mainly from applications involving piping and tanks in ethanol
Presents data relative to the fabrication requirements for 21/4 3Cr alloy steel
storage and blending facilities. SCC of other metals and alloys is beyond the
heavy wall pressure vessels for high temperature, high pressure hydrogen
scope of this document, as is the corrosion of steel in this service. Pages: 42
services. It summarizes the results of industry experience, experimentation,
and testing conducted by independent manufacturers, fabricators, and users
2nd Edition | August 2013 | Product Number: C939E02 | Price: $174.00
of heavy wall pressure vessels. This recommended practice applies to
equipment in refineries, petrochemical, and chemical facilities in which
hydrogen or hydrogen-containing fluids are processed at elevated
temperature and pressure. Pages: 236
1st Edition | June 2002 | Product Number: C939B0 | Price: $185.00
This publication is a new entry in this catalog.
This publication is related to an API licensing, certification, or accreditation program.
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