Physics For Scientists And Engineers 6E - part 322

 

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Physics For Scientists And Engineers 6E - part 322

 

 

Conversion Factors 

continued

A.2

Appendix A

Work, Energy, Heat

J

ft $ lb

eV

1 joule

1

0.737 6

6.242 ! 10

18

1 foot-pound

1.356

1

8.464 ! 10

18

1 electron volt

1.602 ! 10

"

19

1.182 ! 10

"

19

1

1 calorie

4.186

3.087

2.613 ! 10

19

1 British thermal unit

1.055 ! 10

3

7.779 ! 10

2

6.585 ! 10

21

1 kilowatt hour

3.600 ! 10

6

2.655 ! 10

6

2.247 ! 10

25

cal

Btu

kWh

1 joule

0.238 9

9.481 ! 10

"

4

2.778 ! 10

"

7

1 foot-pound

0.323 9

1.285 ! 10

"

3

3.766 ! 10

"

7

1 electron volt

3.827 ! 10

"

20

1.519 ! 10

"

22

4.450 ! 10

"

26

1 calorie

1

3.968 ! 10

"

3

1.163 ! 10

"

6

1 British thermal unit

2.520 ! 10

2

1

2.930 ! 10

"

4

1 kilowatt hour

8.601 ! 10

5

3.413 ! 10

2

1

Pressure

Pa

atm

1 pascal

1

9.869 ! 10

"

6

1 atmosphere

1.013 ! 10

5

1

1 centimeter mercury

a

1.333 ! 10

3

1.316 ! 10

"

2

1 pound per square inch

6.895 ! 10

3

6.805 ! 10

"

2

1 pound per square foot

47.88

4.725 ! 10

"

4

cm Hg

lb/in.

2

lb/ft

2

1 pascal

7.501 ! 10

"

4

1.450 ! 10

"

4

2.089 ! 10

"

2

1 atmosphere

76

14.70

2.116 ! 10

3

1 centimeter mercury

a

1

0.194 3

27.85

1 pound per square inch

5.171

1

144

1 pound per square foot

3.591 ! 10

"

2

6.944 ! 10

"

3

1

a

At 0°C and at a location where the free-fall acceleration has its “standard” value, 9.806 65 m/s

2

.

Common 

Unit in Terms of

Quantity

Symbol

Unit

a

Dimensions

b

Base SI Units

Acceleration

a

m/s

2

L/T

2

m/s

2

Amount of substance

n

MOLE

mol

Angle

%

&

radian (rad)

1

Angular acceleration

!

rad/s

2

T

"

2

s

"

2

Angular frequency

'

rad/s

T

"

1

s

"

1

Angular momentum

L

kg $ m

2

/s

ML

2

/T

kg $ m

2

/s

Angular velocity

"

rad/s

T

"

1

s

"

1

Area

A

m

2

L

2

m

2

Atomic number

Z

Symbols, Dimensions, and Units of Physical Quantities

Table A.2

Table A.1

continued

continued

Appendix A

A.3

Capacitance

C

farad (F)

Q

2

T

2

/ML

2

A

2

$

s

4

/kg $ m

2

Charge

q, Q , e

coulomb (C)

Q

A $ s

Charge density

Line

(

C/m

Q /L

A $ s/m

Surface

)

C/m

2

Q /L

2

A $ s/m

2

Volume

*

C/m

3

Q /L

3

A $ s/m

3

Conductivity

)

1/+ $ m

Q

2

T/ML

3

A

2

$

s

3

/kg $ m

3

Current

I

AMPERE

Q /T

A

Current density

J

A/m

2

Q /T

2

A/m

2

Density

*

kg/m

3

M/L

3

kg/m

3

Dielectric constant

,

Length

!

, L

METER

L

m

Position

x, y, z, 

r

Displacement

-

x, -

r

Distance

d, h

Electric dipole moment

p

C $ m

QL

A $ s $ m

Electric field

E

V/m

ML/QT

2

kg $ m/A $ s

3

Electric flux

.

E

V $ m

ML

3

/QT

2

kg $ m

3

/A $ s

3

Electromotive force

/

volt (V)

ML

2

/QT

2

kg $ m

2

/A $ s

3

Energy

E, U, K

joule ( J)

ML

2

/T

2

kg $ m

2

/s

2

Entropy

S

J/K

ML

2

/T

2

$

K

kg $ m

2

/s

2

$

K

Force

F

newton (N)

ML/T

2

kg $ m/s

2

Frequency

f

hertz (Hz)

T

"

1

s

"

1

Heat

Q

joule ( J)

ML

2

/T

2

kg $ m

2

/s

2

Inductance

L

henry (H)

ML

2

/Q

2

kg $ m

2

/A

2

$

s

2

Magnetic dipole moment

#

N $ m/T

QL

2

/T

A $ m

2

Magnetic field

B

tesla (T) (# Wb/m

2

)

M/QT

kg/A $ s

2

Magnetic flux

.

B

weber (Wb)

ML

2

/QT

kg $ m

2

/A $ s

2

Mass

m, M

KILOGRAM

M

kg

Molar specific heat

C

J/mol $ K

kg $ m

2

/s

2

$

mol $ K

Moment of inertia

I

kg $ m

2

ML

2

kg $ m

2

Momentum

p

kg $ m/s

ML/T

kg $ m/s

Period

T

s

T

s

Permeability of free space

0

0

N/A

(# H/m)

ML/Q

2

T

kg $ m/A

2

$

s

2

Permittivity of free space

1

0

C

2

/N $ m

2

(# F/m)

Q

2

T

2

/ML

3

A

2

$

s

4

/kg $ m

3

Potential

V

volt (V)(# J/C)

ML

2

/QT

2

kg $ m

2

/A $ s

3

Power

"

watt (W)(# J/s)

ML

2

/T

3

kg $ m

2

/s

3

Pressure

P

pascal (Pa)(# N/m

2

)

M/LT

2

kg/m $ s

2

Resistance

R

ohm (+)(# V/A)

ML

2

/Q

2

T

kg $ m

2

/A

2

$

s

3

Specific heat

c

J/kg $ K

L

2

/T

2

$

K

m

2

/s

2

$

K

Speed

v

m/s

L/T

m/s

Temperature

T

KELVIN

K

K

Time

t

SECOND

T

s

Torque

2

N $ m

ML

2

/T

2

kg $ m

2

/s

2

Velocity

v

m/s

L/T

m/s

Volume

V

m

3

L

3

m

3

Wavelength

(

m

L

m

Work

W

joule ( J)(# N $ m)

ML

2

/T

2

kg $ m

2

/s

2

a

The base SI units are given in uppercase letters.

b

The symbols M, L, T, and Q denote mass, length, time, and charge, respectively.

Common 

Unit in Terms of

Quantity

Symbol

Unit

a

Dimensions

b

Base SI Units

Symbols, Dimensions, and Units of Physical Quantities 

continued

Table A.2

A.4

Appendix A

Mass

Number

Atomic

Chemical

(*Indicates

Half-Life

Number

Atomic

Radioactive)

Atomic

Percent

(If Radioactive)

Z

Element

Symbol

Mass (u)

A

Mass (u)

Abundance

T

1/2

0

(Neutron)

n

1*

1.008 665

10.4 min

1

Hydrogen

H

1.007 94

1

1.007 825

99.988 5

Deuterium

D

2

2.014 102

0.011 5

Tritium

T

3*

3.016 049

12.33 yr

2

Helium

He

4.002 602

3

3.016 029

0.000 137

4

4.002 603

99.999 863

6*

6.018 888

0.81 s

3

Lithium

Li

6.941

6

6.015 122

7.5

7

7.016 004

92.5

8*

8.022 487

0.84 s

4

Beryllium

Be

9.012 182

7*

7.016 929

53.3 days

9

9.012 182

100

10*

10.013 534

1.5 ! 10

6

yr

5

Boron

B

10.811

10

10.012 937

19.9

11

11.009 306

80.1

12*

12.014 352

0.020 2 s

6

Carbon

C

12.010 7

10*

10.016 853

19.3 s

11*

11.011 434

20.4 min

12

12.000 000

98.93

13

13.003 355

1.07

14*

14.003 242

5 730 yr

15*

15.010 599

2.45 s

7

Nitrogen

N

14.006 7

12*

12.018 613

0.011 0 s

13*

13.005 739

9.96 min

14

14.003 074

99.632

15

15.000 109

0.368

16*

16.006 101

7.13 s

17*

17.008 450

4.17 s

8

Oxygen

O

15.999 4

14*

14.008 595

70.6 s

15*

15.003 065

122 s

16

15.994 915

99.757

17

16.999 132

0.038

18

17.999 160

0.205

19*

19.003 579

26.9 s

9

Fluorine

F

18.998 403 2

17*

17.002 095

64.5 s

18*

18.000 938

109.8 min

19

18.998 403

100

20*

19.999 981

11.0 s

21*

20.999 949

4.2 s

10

Neon

Ne

20.179 7

18*

18.005 697

1.67 s

19*

19.001 880

17.2 s

20

19.992 440

90.48

21

20.993 847

0.27

22

21.991 385

9.25

23*

22.994 467

37.2 s

11

Sodium

Na

22.989 77

21*

20.997 655

22.5 s

22*

21.994 437

2.61 yr

Table of Atomic Masses

a

Table A.3

continued

continued

Appendix A

A.5

(11)

Sodium

23

22.989 770

100

24*

23.990 963

14.96 h

12

Magnesium

Mg

24.305 0

23*

22.994 125

11.3 s

24

23.985 042

78.99

25

24.985 837

10.00

26

25.982 593

11.01

27*

26.984 341

9.46 min

13

Aluminum

Al

26.981 538

26*

25.986 892

7.4 ! 10

5

yr

27

26.981 539

100

28*

27.981 910

2.24 min

14

Silicon

Si

28.085 5

28

27.976 926

92.229 7

29

28.976 495

4.683 2

30

29.973 770

3.087 2

31*

30.975 363

2.62 h

32*

31.974 148

172 yr

15

Phosphorus

P

30.973 761

30*

29.978 314

2.50 min

31

30.973 762

100

32*

31.973 907

14.26 days

33*

32.971 725

25.3 days

16

Sulfur

S

32.066

32

31.972 071

94.93

33

32.971 458

0.76

34

33.967 869

4.29

35*

34.969 032

87.5 days

36

35.967 081

0.02

17

Chlorine

Cl

35.452 7

35

34.968 853

75.78

36*

35.968 307

3.0 ! 10

5

yr

37

36.965 903

24.22

18

Argon

Ar

39.948

36

35.967 546

0.336 5

37*

36.966 776

35.04 days

38

37.962 732

0.063 2

39*

38.964 313

269 yr

40

39.962 383

99.600 3

42*

41.963 046

33 yr

19

Potassium

K

39.098 3

39

38.963 707

93.258 1

40*

39.963 999

0.011 7

1.28 ! 10

9

yr

41

40.961 826

6.730 2

20

Calcium

Ca

40.078

40

39.962 591

96.941

41*

40.962 278

1.0 ! 10

5

yr

42

41.958 618

0.647

43

42.958 767

0.135

44

43.955 481

2.086

46

45.953 693

0.004

48

47.952 534

0.187

21

Scandium

Sc

44.955 910

41*

40.969 251

0.596 s

45

44.955 910

100

22

Titanium

Ti

47.867

44*

43.959 690

49 yr

46

45.952 630

8.25

Mass

Number

Atomic

Chemical

(*Indicates

Half-Life

Number

Atomic

Radioactive)

Atomic

Percent

(If Radioactive)

Z

Element

Symbol

Mass (u)

A

Mass (u)

Abundance

T

1/2

Table of Atomic Masses

a

continued

Table A.3

continued

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Content   ..  320  321  322  323   ..