Index Production Physics For Scientists And Engineers 6E
|
|
|
is to act as a “glue” that holds the nucleus together. If neutrons were not present in the But is this where the process of breaking down stops? Protons, neutrons, and a host of other exotic particles are now known to be composed of six different varieties of quarks, which have been given the names of up, down, strange, charmed, bottom, and top. The up, charmed, and top quarks have electric charges of that of the proton, whereas the down, strange, and bottom quarks have charges of that of the proton. The proton consists of two up quarks and one down quark, as shown at This process of building models is one that you should develop as you study physics. You will be challenged with many mathematical problems to solve in 1.3 Density and Atomic Mass In Section 1.1, we explored three basic quantities in mechanics. Let us look now at an density. The density & (Greek letter rho) of any sub- stance is defined as its mass per unit volume: (1.1) For example, aluminum has a density of 2.70 g/cm 3 , and lead has a density of 11.3 g/cm 3 . Therefore, a piece of aluminum of volume 10.0 cm 3 has a mass of 27.0 g, whereas an equivalent volume of lead has a mass of 113 g. A list of densities for various The numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element are re- lated to the atomic mass of the element, which is defined as the mass of a single atom of the element measured in atomic mass units (u) where 1 u $ 1.660 538 7 ! 10 " 27 kg. &
$ m " 1 3 ' 2 3 S E C T I O N 1 . 3 • Density and Atomic Mass 9 A table of the letters in the Greek alphabet is provided on the back endsheet of the textbook. Substance Density ! (10 3 kg/m 3 ) Platinum 21.45 Gold 19.3 Uranium 18.7 Lead 11.3 Copper 8.92 Iron 7.86 Aluminum 2.70 Magnesium 1.75 Water 1.00 Air at atmospheric pressure 0.0012 Densities of Various Substances Table 1.5 |