Scania DC13 PDE. Industrial engine en-GB 2 823 973. Operator’s manual - part 2

 

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Scania DC13 PDE. Industrial engine en-GB 2 823 973. Operator’s manual - part 2

 

 

Starting and running
Depending on the engine configuration, the fol-
The incorrect oil pressure alarm has the follow-
lowing alarm functions may also be available:
ing functions:
• Alarm only.
• Alarm only.
• Alarm and engine shutdown at the highest
• Alarm and torque reduction by 30%.
limit value.
• Alarm and engine shutdown.
• Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit
• Alarm and engine shutdown override control.
value and engine shutdown at the highest lim-
it value.
Note:
• Alarm and engine shutdown at the highest
High oil pressure (above 6 bar/87 psi) is normal
limit value with the possibility of engine shut-
if the engine is cold when started.
down override control.
• Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit
value and engine shutdown at the highest lim-
Charging indicator lamp
it value, with the possibility of engine shut-
If the lamp comes on during operation: Check
down override control.
and adjust the alternator drive belt according to
the instructions in the section Checking the drive
If run for extended periods under an extremely
belt.
light load, the engine may have difficulty in
maintaining the coolant temperature. At an in-
If the charging indicator lamp is still on, this
creased load the coolant temperature rises to the
could be due to an alternator fault or a fault in the
normal value.
electrical system.
Oil pressure
Belt transmission
Normal oil pressure during operation is 3-6 bar
When the belt transmission is new, it may make
(43.5-87 psi). The lowest permitted oil pressure
a squeaking noise when running. This noise is
when idling is 0.7 bar (10.2 psi).
normal and disappears after 50-100 hours of op-
eration. The noise does not affect the service life
The engine management system issues an alarm
of the belt transmission.
at the following levels:
• At an engine speed below 1,000 rpm and an
oil pressure below 0.7 bar (10.2 psi).
• At an engine speed above 1,000 rpm and an
oil pressure below 2.5 bar (36.3 psi) for
longer than 3 seconds.
16
Starting and running
Engine shutdown
Checks after running
IMPORTANT!
WARNING!
There is risk of post boiling and of damage to the
Block the starting device when working on the
turbocharger if the engine is switched off with-
engine. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is
out cooling. The power must not be switched off
a serious risk of injury.
before the engine has stopped.
There is always a risk of sustaining burns when
an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are engine
manifolds, turbochargers, oil sumps, as well as
Note:
hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.
The battery voltage must remain on for a few
seconds after the 15 voltage is switched off so
that the control units can store the values and
switch to standby mode.
IMPORTANT!
10 prohibited engine shutdowns will cause a
Check the coolant level following the first start.
torque reduction (70% of fuel volume). Reset the
Top up with coolant as necessary.
engine by switching it off correctly once.
1. Check that the power supply has been cut.
1. Run the engine without a load for a few min-
utes if it has been run continuously with a
2. Top up the fuel tank. Make sure that the filler
heavy load.
cap and the area round the filler opening are
clean to avoid contamination of the fuel.
2. Switch off the engine.
3. If there is a risk of freezing, the cooling sys-
tem must contain enough glycol. See the sec-
tion Risk of freezing.
4. If the temperature is below 0°C (32°F): Pre-
pare for the next start by connecting the en-
gine heater (if fitted).
17
Maintenance
Maintenance
IMPORTANT!
The maintenance programme covers a number of
points that are divided into the following sec-
On delivery a Scania engine is optimised for its
tions:
application. However, regular maintenance is
necessary to
• Lubrication system.
prevent unplanned stops
• Air cleaner.
extend the service life of the engine
• Cooling system.
maximise the long-term emission perfor-
• Fuel system.
mance of the engine
• Miscellaneous.
give the best possible operating economy.
WARNING!
Block the starting device when working on the
engine. If the engine starts unexpectedly, there is
a serious risk of injury.
There is always a risk of sustaining burns when
an engine is hot. Particularly hot parts are engine
manifolds, turbochargers, oil sumps, as well as
hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.
The maintenance programme includes the fol-
lowing:
• S maintenance: Minimum basic maintenance.
• M maintenance: More extensive mainte-
nance.
• L maintenance: Almost all maintenance
items.
• XL maintenance: All maintenance items.
During a period, the sequence is S-M-S-L-S-M-
S-L-S-M-S-XL.
XL
L
L
M
M
M
S
S
S
S
S
S
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
18
Maintenance
Cleaning the engine
WARNING!
Beware of hot washing water. Wear eye protec-
tion, protective clothes and protective gloves.
Environment
Dispose of the washing water in compliance with
relevant national or local regulations.
Engines and engine compartments are cleaned
with hot water. Be careful when using high pres-
sure hose systems. Avoid spraying electrical
components such as the starter motor, alternator,
etc.
19
Maintenance
Engines with few hours of op-
eration
IMPORTANT!
On engines with few hours of operation, mainte-
nance must be carried out annually or every 5
years.
Stand-by generator sets and the like that are not
used regularly should be test run and checked in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
The following maintenance items must be car-
ried out once the engine has been warmed up to
operating temperature.
1. Checking oil level.
2. Checking coolant level.
3. Checking the vacuum indicator.
4. Checking fuel level.
5. Check for engine leaks.
20
Maintenance
Maintenance interval
Daily
First time at
Interval (hours)
Minimum
first start
500
500
1,000
2,000
6,000
annu-
every 5
ally
years
R
S
M
L
XL
Lubrication system
Checking the oil level
X
X
Changing the oil
X
X
X
X
X
X
Cleaning the centrifugal oil
X
X
X
X
X
X
cleaner
Renewing the oil filter
X
X
X
X
X
X
Air cleaner
Reading the vacuum indicator
X
X
X
X
X
X
Renewing the filter element
X
X
X
Renewing the safety cartridge
X
X
X
Cooling system
Checking coolant level
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Checking the coolant's anti-
X
X
X
X
freeze and corrosion protection
Changing the coolant and clean-
X
X
ing the cooling system
Fuel system
Checking the fuel level
X
X
Renewing the fuel filters
X
X
X
X
Other
Checking the drive belt
X
X
X
X
X
Checking for leaks
X
X
X
X
X
X
Checking and adjusting the
valve clearance and unit injec-
X
X
X
tors
21
Lubrication system
Lubrication system
Oil grade
Scania LDF stands for the Scania Long Drain
Field test standard. Scania LDF oils have been
carefully selected after extensive testing. The ap-
proval is only granted to the highest quality en-
gine oils available on the market.
Recommended engine oil
Scania Oil LDF-3
Scania Oil LDF-2
Scania Oil LDF
Scania Oil E7
The engine oil must fulfil the following quality
requirements:
• ACEA E5/API CI-4.
• ACEA E7/API CI-4 +.
• For engines not run on low-sulphur fuel, the
TBN (Total Base Number) should be at least
12 (ASTM D2896).
• Oils with a low ash content (ACEA E9/API
CJ4) are not recommended.
Check with your oil supplier that the oil meets
these requirements.
If the engine is used in areas of the world where
engine oil with ACEA or API classification is
not available, the oil grade must be measured in
actual operation. In this case contact the nearest
Scania workshop.
22
Lubrication system
For operation at extremely low outdoor tempera-
tures: Consult your nearest Scania representative
on how to avoid starting difficulties.
Viscosity
Outdoor temperature in °C
class
SAE 20W-30
-15°C
-
+30°C
SAE 30
-10°C
-
+30°C
SAE 40
-5°C
-
+45°C
SAE 5W-30
< -40°C
-
+30°C
SAE 10W-30
-25°C
-
+30°C
SAE 15W-40
-20°C
-
+45°C
Viscosity
Outdoor temperature in °F
class
SAE 20W-30
5°F
-
86°F
SAE 30
14°F
-
86°F
SAE 40
23°F
-
113°F
SAE 5W-30
< -40°F
-
86°F
SAE 10W-30
-13°F
-
86°F
SAE 15W-40
-4°F
-
113°F
23
Lubrication system
Labels for filled engine oil grade
When changing oil it is important to use the cor-
rect engine oil grade. The oil filler should there-
fore be clearly marked with a label for the filled
oil grade. However, there are only labels for oils
with Scania LDF approval and oil grade
ACEA E7.
Stick on a new label if the oil type or oil grade is
changed in favour of any of the oil types above.
Replace the label if it is missing.
Filling label in the cylinder block.
Filling label in the rocker cover.
If the oil grades below are used, you can order oil
filler labels from Scania.
Oil grade
Colour
Part no.
Part no.
Filling in the cylinder block
Filling in the rocker cover
Scania LDF-3
Red
2 132 426
2 427 133
Scania LDF-2
Blue
2 132 424
-
Scania LDF
Grey
2 269 345
-
ACEA E7
White
2 132 425
2 427 132
24
Lubrication system
Oil analysis
To be able to extend the oil change intervals us-
ing an oil analysis, Scania LDF3 and LDF-2 oils
must be used. Certain laboratories offer engine
oil analysis.
The following conditions must remain fulfilled
when the oil is changed:
• Viscosity at 100°C (212°F): max. ±20% of
the original value of the fresh oil.
• TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739):
>3.5
• TBN (in accordance with ASTM D4739):
>TAN (in accordance with ASTM D664).
• Soot (DIN 51 452): <3%.
Such analysis measures the oil’s TBN (Total
Base Number), acidity TAN (Total Acid Num-
ber), fuel dilution, water content, viscosity and
the quantity of particles and soot in the oil.
The result of a series of analyses is used as the
basis for establishing a suitable oil change inter-
val.
If the conditions are changed, a new oil analysis
programme must be carried out to establish new
oil change intervals. Work out the new oil
change interval for the engine in conjunction
with the workshop.
REQUIREMENT!
Only Scania LDF oils may be used in conjunc-
tion with oil analysis and a possible extended oil
change interval.
Depending on the market, the warranty condi-
tions may also change if the oil change intervals
differ from the recommended Scania timetable.
25
Lubrication system
Checking the oil level
2
REQUIREMENT!
Leave the engine off for at least 7 minutes before
you check the oil level.
2
1
If the oil level exceeds the maximum level, the
oil must be changed. Check the cause if the oil
level exceeds the maximum level and contact
your nearest Scania workshop if you suspect a
fault.
1. Remove the oil dipstick (1) and check the oil
level. The correct level is between the mini-
mum and maximum marks on the oil dip-
stick.
2. Fill with more oil at point 2 in the illustration
when the oil level is at or below the lower
mark.
You can find more information on the cor-
rect oil grade under the heading Oil grade.
Maximum angles of inclina-
tion during operation
Maximum permissible angles of inclination dur-
ing operation vary, depending on the type of oil
sump. See illustration.
26
Lubrication system
Changing the oil
WARNING!
Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear
protective gloves and eye protection when
changing hot oil. Make sure that there is no pres-
sure in the lubrication system before changing
Oil volume:
the oil. The oil filler cap must always be in place
Min. 39 litres (10.3 US gallons).
when starting and running the engine to prevent
Max. 45 litres (11.9 US gallons).
oil being ejected.
Note:
Change oil more often if the engine is subjected
to particularly demanding operation, such as a
dusty environment, or if deposits in the centrifu-
gal oil cleaner are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in).
Renew the oil filter and clean the centrifugal oil
Oil volume:
cleaner when changing oil.
Min. 30 litres (7.9 US gallons).
Max. 36 litres (9.5 US gallons)
Environment
Use a suitable container. Used oil must be dis-
posed of as specified in national and internation-
al laws and regulations.
Oil volume:
Min. 28 litres (7.4 US gallons).
1. Unscrew the oil plug and drain the oil when
the engine is hot. In certain engines the oil is
Max. 34 litres (9.0 US gallons)
pumped out by means of a bilge pump. When
draining via the valve, the oil should be hot.
Alternatively, use a pump. This so that drain-
ing occurs more quickly.
2. Clean the magnet on the oil plug.
3. Refit the oil plug.
4. Fill with oil.
5. Check the level on the oil dipstick.
Oil volume:
Min. 33 litres (8.7 US gallons).
Max. 39 litres (10.3 US gallons).
27
Lubrication system
Cleaning the centrifugal oil
cleaner
WARNING!
The oil may be hot. Carefully remove the cover
from the centrifugal oil cleaner.
Use eye protection and protective gloves when
working on the centrifugal oil cleaner.
When the centrifugal oil cleaner is cleaned, there
should be some dirt deposits on the paper in the
rotor cover. If the paper is clean, the equipment
is not working as it should. If this is the case, in-
vestigate the cause of this.
Renew the paper more frequently if the dirt de-
posits are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 inches) during
a scheduled oil change.
1. Clean the cover.
2. Unscrew the nut securing the outer cover.
3. Let the oil run out from the rotor.
x 1.5
4. Lift out the rotor. Wipe off the outside.
5. Loosen the rotor nut and unscrew it about
1.5 turns.
Note:
Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.
28
Lubrication system
6. If the rotor nut is jammed: Turn the rotor up-
side down and fasten the rotor nut in a vice.
See illustration.
7. Use protective jaws so as not to damage the
M20
grooves of the rotor nut.
8. Turn the rotor 1.5 turns anti-clockwise by
hand.
9. If this does not work: Screw two nuts togeth-
er with an M20 screw.
10. Position the screw head at the bottom of the
x 1.5
rotor.
11. Position a ring spanner on the lower nut and
turn the rotor 1.5 turns anti-clockwise.
IMPORTANT!
Do not attach the rotor directly to the vice. Never
strike the rotor cover.
12. Remove the rotor cover by holding the rotor
in both hands and tapping the rotor nut
against the table. Never strike the rotor di-
rectly as this may damage its bearings.
13. Remove the strainer from the rotor cover. If
the strainer is stuck, insert a screwdriver be-
tween the rotor cover and strainer and care-
fully prise them apart.
29
Lubrication system
14. Remove the paper insert.
15. Scrape off any remaining dirt deposits from
the inside of the rotor cover. If the deposits
on the paper are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in),
the centrifugal oil cleaner must be cleaned
more often.
16. Wash the parts according to the applicable
industrial method.
17. Inspect the 2 nozzles on the rotor. Ensure that
they are not blocked or damaged.
Renew any damaged nozzles.
18. Check that the bearings are undamaged.
Renew damaged bearings.
1
19. Fold and fit a new paper insert on the inside
of the rotor cover as illustrated.
2
3
4
30
Lubrication system
20. Fit the strainer onto the rotor.
21. Fit a new O-ring to the foot of the centrifugal
oil cleaner.
22. Refit the rotor cover. Ensure that the O-ring
is not outside the edges, but is in the groove.
23. Screw the rotor nut back on by hand.
24. Check that the shaft is not damaged or loose.
Contact a Scania workshop if the rotor shaft
needs renewing.
Note:
Take care not to damage the rotor shaft.
25. Refit the rotor and rotate it by hand to make
sure it rotates easily.
31

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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