Scania D9, DI9. Marine engine. Operator’s manual - part 1

 

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Scania D9, DI9. Marine engine. Operator’s manual - part 1

 

 

IMPORTANT INFORMATION

When working on the engine, e.g. when adjusting the belts, changing oil or adjusting the clutch it is

important that the engine does not start. The engine may be damaged but above all there is -

SERIOUS RISK OF INJURY.

For this reason, always secure the starting device or disconnect a battery cable

before working on the engine.

This is especially important if the engine has a remote starter or automatic starting.

This warning symbol and text is reproduced beside those maintenance points where it is

especially important to consider the risk of injury.

START-UP REPORT - WARRANTY

When the start-up report has been filled in and sent to Scania there is a 1 year warranty starting from
the start-up date. Also enter the below information since this will facilitate contacts with e.g. service 
workshops.

Operator’s Manual

D9 DI9

Marine engine

opm96-9m en

1 588 295

2001-05:1

Engine number

Start-up date

User’s name and address

Signature

Engine type

Variant

Engine type and variant are indicated on the engine type plate

!

Industrial & Marine Engines

2

FOREWORD

This operator’s manual describes the operation and maintenance of the Scania 
D9 and DI9 marine engines. The instructions apply to engines in program 96
starting with engine number

 5 119 902.

The engines are of direct-injection, liquid-cooled, four-stroke, 6-cylinder in 
line diesel type. The engines are available with or without charge air cooler, 
see page 10. 

The engines may have two different cooling systems, a heat exchanger which 
is cooled by sea water or keel cooling which has cooling coils on the keel in 
which the engine coolant is cooled. 

Common areas of usage include propulsion engines in boats like patrol boats 
and fishing boats, larger pleasure craft or propulsion engines or aggregate 
engines on board ships. 

The engines have different output and speed settings and can be classified in 
different classification socities (classed engines must be used in certain 
marine installations). 

The normal output setting of the engine (performance code) is indicated on 
the type plate, see page 10. 

Note

Only standard components are described in the operator’s man-
ual. Regarding special equipment, refer to the instructions of the 
relevant manufacturer. 

In order to obtain the best value and service life from your engine, there are a 
few points to bear in mind:

- Read the manual before starting to use the engine. You will find new 

information in this Operator’s Manual even if you have previous 
experience of Scania engines.

- Follow the maintenance instructions. Proper maintenance is essential to 

keep the engine operating correctly and to increase engine life.

- Pay special attention to the safety information beginning on page 6.

- Get to know your engine so that you know what it can do and how it 

works.

- Whenever necessary, always contact an authorised Scania workshop. 

They have special tools, genuine Scania parts and trained staff with 
practical experience of Scania engines. 

Note:

Always use genuine Scania parts in service and repair to keep the 
engine operating correctly.

The information in this manual was correct at the time of going to press. 
However, we reserve the right to make changes at any time, without prior 
notice. 

Scania CV AB
Industrial and Marine Engines

S-151 87 Södertälje 

During the warranty period, 

only use genuine Scania parts in 

service and repair for the 

warranty to be valid.

2001-05:1

 Scania Industrial & Marine Engines

3

CONTENTS

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY  . . . . . .4
CERTIFIED ENGINES   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
SAFETY DETAILS   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Safety precautions for operation  . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Safety precautions for handling materials . . . . .8
Safety precautions for care and maintenance  . .8

TYPE DESIGNATIONS   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

STARTING AND RUNNING   . . . . . . . . . . . 12

AT FIRST START  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
CHECKS BEFORE RUNNING  . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
STARTING THE ENGINE   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

At temperatures below 0 °C: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

RUNNING   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Engine speed  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Coolant temperature   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Oil pressure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

STOPPING THE ENGINE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Emergency stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Clutch   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

CHECKS AFTER RUNNING  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

MAINTENANCE   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

ENGINES WITH FEW HOURS 
OF OPERATION   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE  . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

LUBRICATION OIL SYSTEM   . . . . . . . . . 20

OIL GRADE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Oil analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

CHECKING THE OIL LEVEL   . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
OIL CHANGE   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Maximum angles of inclination during
operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

CLEANING THE OIL CLEANER   . . . . . . . . . . 22
CHANGING THE TURBO FILTER    . . . . . . . .24

COOLING SYSTEM  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

CHECKING COOLANT LEVEL   . . . . . . . . . . .24
CHECKING CORROSION BARS . . . . . . . . . . . 25
CHECKING THE SEAWATER PUMP 
IMPELLER  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
CHECKING THE COOLANT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Checking the glycol content  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Checking protection against corrosion  . . . . . . 28
Changing the coolant     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

CLEANING THE COOLING SYSTEM  . . . . . . 29

Internal cleaning  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

AIR CLEANER  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

READING THE
LOW PRESSURE INDICATOR  . . . . . . . . . . . .32
CLEANING THE AIR CLEANER
COARSE CLEANER  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
CLEANING OR CHANGING THE
FILTER ELEMENT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
CHANGING SAFETY CARTRIDGE  . . . . . . . .34

FUEL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

CHECKING FUEL LEVEL  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
CHANGING THE FUEL FILTER  . . . . . . . . . . .35
CHECKING THE INJECTORS  . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

CHECKING THE
ELECTROLYTE LEVEL IN BATTERIES  . . . .37
CHECKING THE STATE OF CHARGE
IN BATTERIES   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
CLEANING BATTERIES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
CHECKING THE COOLANT
LEVEL MONITOR   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
CHECKING THE TEMPERATURE
MONITOR   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
CHECKING TEMPERATURE SENSOR  . . . . . 39
CHECKING THE OIL PRESSURE 
SENSOR/MONITOR  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
CHECKING THE STOP FEATURE  . . . . . . . . .40

RENEWING THE BATTERY  . . . . . . . . . . 42

MISCELLANEOUS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

CHECKING THE DRIVE BELT  . . . . . . . . . . . .42
CHECKING FOR LEAKAGE, RECTIFY AS 
NECESSARY  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
CHECK/ ADJUST
VALVE CLEARANCE   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
CHANGING (

OR

 CLEANING) THE CLOSED 

CRANKCASE VENTILATION VALVE   . . . . .45

LONG-TERM STORAGE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Preservative fuel  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Preservative oil  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Preparations for storage   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
Batteries   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Storage   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Taking out of storage   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

TECHNICAL DATA   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

FUEL  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

ALPHABETICAL INDEX  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4

2001-05:1

ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY

Scania has always been at the forefront in the development and production of 
environmentally safe engines. 

We have made great progress in reducing harmful exhaust emissions to be 
able to meet the stringent emission standards that are mandatory for almost 
all markets.

We have done this without compromising the high quality of Scania 
industrial and marine engines in terms of performance and cost effective 
operation.

To maintain these superior properties throughout the life of the engine it is 
important that the operator/owner follows the instructions of this manual as 
regards operation, maintenance and choice of fuel and lubricants. 

To further contribute to protecting the environment in service, maintenance 
and repair, ensure that harmful waste (oil, fuel, coolant, filters, batteries etc.) 
is disposed of and destroyed according to applicable local regulations.

This operator’s manual contains highlighted text urging you to protect the 
environment in different service and maintenance operations.

Refer to example

Always use suitable containers 

to avoid spillage when bleeding 

systems or renewing 

components.

2001-05:1

CERTIFIED ENGINES

An emission certified engine has been approved according to a specific 
certification standard. The certified engines delivered by Scania meet the 
most compelling emission standards in the European (EU) and non-European 
(USA) markets.

Scania guarantees that all engines of a certified engine type that are delivered, 
correspond to the engine approved for certification. 

The engine is fitted with a certification plate, stating according to which 
certification rules (standard) the engine has been approved. Refer to page 10.

The following is required for the engine to meet the emission standards after 
being commissioned:

- Service and maintenance must be performed according to this 

Operator’s Manual.

- Only genuine Scania parts must be used.

- Service work on the injection equipment must be performed by an 

authorized Scania workshop.

- The engine must not be modified with equipment not approved by 

Scania.

- Seals and setting data may only be broken/modified after approval by 

Scania, Södertälje. Changes should only be made by qualified 
personnel.

- Changes affecting the exhaust system and intake system must be 

approved by Scania.

Otherwise, follow the instructions in this manual for operation, care and 
maintenance of the engine. Also observe the safety precautions described in 
the following four pages.

Important!

If service and maintenance are not performed as stated 
above, Scania cannot guarantee that the engine corresponds 
to the certified configuration and will not assume liability for 
any damage occurring.

6

2001-05:1

SAFETY DETAILS

General

This Operator’s Manual contains safety information that must be observed in 
order to avoid personal injuries and damage to the product or property. Refer 
to page 1.

The text boxes to the right on the pages provide information that is important 
for the proper operation of the engine and to avoid damage to the engine. 
Failure to follow these instructions may void the warranty.

Refer to example.

Corresponding texts may also appear in the text column, headed 

Caution!

 or 

Important

The warning text in text boxes to the right on the pages provided with a 
warning triangle and headed WARNING is extremely important and warns 
of serious defects to the engine or improper handling that may lead to 
personal injury.

Refer to example

The safety precautions that must be observed in the operation and 
maintenance of Scania engines are compiled on the following three pages. 
The corresponding text is also often stated next to the maintenance step 
concerned, shown with different degrees of significance as described above.

All items are marked with a 

 

!

 

 to highlight the importance of reading each 

item in the section.

A general safety rule is that no smoking is allowed:

Near the engine and the engine bay

When refuelling and near the filling station

When work is performed on the fuel system

Near flammable or explosive materials (fuel, oils, batteries, chemicals 
etc.)

Immobilise the starting device 

when working on the engine.

If the engine starts out of 

control, there is a

SERIOUS RISK 

OF INJURY.

Only use Scania genuine fuel 

filter.

2001-05:1

Safety precautions for operation

Daily inspection

Always perform visual inspection of the engine 
and engine bay before the engine is started and 
when the engine has been stopped after oper-
ation.

This will make it easy to detect any leakage of 
fuel, oil or coolant or any other abnormal condi-
tion that may require remedial action.

Refuelling

When refuelling, there is a risk of fire and explo-
sion. The engine must be stopped and smoking 
is not allowed.

Do not overfill the tank, since the fuel may ex-
pand, and close the fuel filler cap properly. 

Only use fuel recommended in the service
literature. Fuel of an incorrect grade may cause 
malfunctions or stoppage by interfering with the 
operation of the fuel injection pump and the in-
jectors.

This could cause engine damage and possibly 
personal injury.

Harmful gases

Only start the engine in a properly ventilated ar-
ea. The exhaust emissions contain carbon 
monoxide and nitrogen oxides that are toxic.

When operating the engine in an enclosed ar-
ea, an effective extraction device for exhaust 
gases and crankcase gases must be used.

 Starter lock

If the control panel is not fitted with a key 
switch, the engine bay should be fitted with a 
lock to prevent unauthorized starting of the en-
gine.

Alternatively, a lockable main switch or battery 
master switch may be used.

Starting spray

Never use starting spray or similar as a starting 
aid. An explosion may occur in the intake pipe, 
which could cause personal injury.

Operation

The engine should not be operated in environ-
ments with surrounding explosive materials 
since electrical or mechanical components of 
the engine may emit sparks.

It is always a safety hazard to be near an en-
gine that is running. Body parts or clothing, or a 
dropped tool may get stuck in rotating parts, 
such as the fan, causing bodily injury.

Always cover rotating parts and hot surfaces as 
much as possible to ensure personal safety.

8

Safety precautions for handling 
materials

Fuel and lubrication oil

All fuels and lubricants as well as many chemi-
cals are flammable. Always follow the instruc-
tions stated on the container.

All work on the fuel system must be performed 
when the engine is cold. Fuel leakage and spill-
age on hot surfaces may cause fire.

Store drenched rags and other flammable ma-
terials in a safe way to avoid spontaneous com-
bustion.

Batteries

Batteries, particularly when being recharged, 
emit highly flammable fumes that can explode. 
Do not smoke or let open flame or sparks come 
near the batteries or the battery compartment.

Incorrect connection of a battery cable or jump 
start cable may cause a spark, which in tun may 
cause the battery to explode.

Chemicals

Most chemicals, such as glycol, corrosion in-
hibitors, preservation oils, degreasers etc. are 
hazardous. Always follow the safety precau-
tions stated on the container.

Some chemicals, e.g. preservative oil, are 
flammable.

Always store chemicals and other hazardous 
materials in approved and distinctly marked 
containers and out of reach of unauthorized 
persons. Always dispose of superfluous or 
used chemicals through an authorized waste 
disposal contractor.

Safety precautions for care and 
maintenance

Stop the engine

Always stop the engine before any mainte-
nance and service work unless otherwise
stated.

Prevent unauthorized starting by removing the 
starter key and turning off the power by the 
main switch or the battery disconnect switch, 
locking it in the off position. Also attach a warn-
ing tag, stating that work on the engine is in 
progress, at a suitable location.

It is always a safety hazard to work on an en-
gine that is running. Parts of your body or cloth-
ing, or a dropped tool may get stuck in rotating 
parts, causing bodily injury.

Hot surfaces and fluids

A hot engine always presents a risk of scalding. 
Always take care not to touch the exhaust
manifold, turbocharger, oil pan, hot coolant and 
oil in pipes and hoses.

Lifting the engine

Use the engine lifting eyes when lifting the
engine. First check that the lifting equipment is 
in proper condition and has sufficient lift capac-
ity rating.

Auxiliary equipment fitted to the engine may 
cause the centre of gravity to be displaced. 
Thus, additional lift devices may be required in 
order to provide proper balance and a safe lift.

Never work below a suspended engine!

Batteries

Batteries contain a highly corrosive electrolyte 
(sulphuric acid). Always take care to protect 
your eyes, skin and clothing when charging and 
handling batteries. Wear protective gloves and 
goggles.

If electrolyte splashes on the skin, wash the
affected part of the body with soap and plenty 
of water. If electrolyte splashes into the eyes, 
rinse eyes immediately with plenty of water and 
seek medical attention.

Dispose of used batteries through an author-
ized waste disposal contractor.

2001-05:1

Electrical system

Before work is performed on the electrical sys-
tem, turn off the power by the main switch or the 
battery disconnect switch.

Also disconnect any external power supply to 
auxiliary equipment on the engine.

Arc Welding

Before welding near or on the engine, remove 
the battery and alternator cables. Also remove 
the control unit connector.

Connect the weld clamp to the component to be 
welded, close to the weld location. Never con-
nect it to the engine or in such a way that the 
current can pass through a bearing.

After the welding is completed, connect the ca-
bles to the alternator and the control unit before 
connecting the batteries.

Lubrication system

Hot oil may cause scalding and skin irritation. 
Avoid skin contact with hot oil. 

Make sure that the pressure in the lubrication 
system is relieved before work is carried out. 
Never start or operate the engine with the oil fill-
er cap removed since oil will be ejected force-
fully. 

Dispose of used oil through an authorized 
waste disposal contractor.

Cooling system

Never open the coolant filler cap while the en-
gine is hot. Steam and hot coolant can come 
out forcefully and cause scalding.

If the cooling system must still opened or disas-
sembled while the engine is hot, open the filler 
cap very cautiously and slowly to release the 
pressure before the cap is removed. Use 
gloves since the coolant is still very hot.

Dispose of used coolant through an authorized 
waste disposal contractor.

Fuel system

Always use gloves when checking for leaks in 
or performing other work on the fuel system. Al-
ways wear eye protection when testing injec-
tors.

Fuel escaping under high pressure can pene-
trate body tissue and cause serious injury.

Never use non-genuine parts in the fuel system 
and the electrical system. Genuine parts are 
designed and manufactured to minimize fire 
and explosion hazard.

Before starting

Install any guards that have been removed be-
fore the engine is started. Check to ensure that 
no tools or other objects have been left on the 
engine.

Never start the engine unless the air filter is in-
stalled. Otherwise there is a risk of objects en-
tering the compressor wheel or a risk of 
personal injury from contact with it.

10

TYPE DESIGNATIONS 

The engine designation indicates, in the form of a code, the type of engine, its 
size and intended use, etc. 

The type designation and engine serial number are indicated on a type plate 
affixed to the right-hand side of the engine. The engine number is also stam-
ped on the top of the engine block beside the first cylinder head.

Engines that are certified regarding smoke and emissions are fitted with a cer-
tification plate specifying the documents they conform to. The plate is fitted 
to rocker cover number two as viewed from the front.

DI 9 44 M 31 S LR 

Type 

D

Turbocharged

 diesel engine

DI

Turbocharged diesel engine with liquid-cooled charge air cooler

 

Displacement

 in whole dm

Performance and certification code 

Indicates, together with the application code, the normal gross engine 
output. 
The actual output setting of the engine is indicated on the engine card. 

Application 

M

For marine use 

Variant 01-99 

Governor type 

D

Electronically controlled auxiliary governor 

S

RSV, all-speed and single-speed governor 

T

RQ, single-speed governor 

K

RQV-K, all-speed governor

Classification society (applies to classed engines)

 

ABS American Bureau of Shipping 
BV

Bureau Veritas 

GL

Germanischer Lloyd 

LR

Lloyd’s Register of Shipping 

DNV Dwt Norske Veritas 
RINA Registro Italiano Navale 
SjöV Sjöfartsverket

2001-05:1

1.

Type plate

2.

Engine number, 
stamped in engine block 

3.

Oil cooler 

4.

Oil dipstick 

5.

Oil cleaner 

6.

Protective anode

7.

Draining, engine oil 

8.

Coolant pump 

9.

Turbo charger 

10.

Injection pump 

11.

Fuel filter 

12.

Starter motor 

13.

Alternator 

14.

Draining, coolant 

15.

Oil filling 

16.

Sea water pump 

17.

Heat exchanger 

18.

Charge air cooler 

19.

Turbo filter 

The drawings illustrate a common type of DI9 engine.

 Your engine may have other equipment not shown here. 

9

11

10

2

4

7

14

12

13

6

5

1

15

3

8

7

16

17

18

19

12

STARTING AND RUNNING 

AT FIRST START 

When the engine is started for the first time, follow the maintenance points 
listed under "First start" in the maintenance schedule, see page 19. 

Since the points are important for satisfactory operation of the engine right 
from the outset, they are also listed below. 

1. Checking the oil level (see page 21)

8. Checking the coolant (see page 26)

The coolant should contain corrosion inhibitor to protect the cooling 
system from corrosion. 

If there is a danger of freezing: 

- Only anti-freeze glycol should be used in the coolant as protection 

against corrosion. We recommend only nitrite-free anti-freeze glycol 
with the following supplier designations: 

BASF G48 or BASF D542

- The concentration of glycol should be 30 - 60% by volume depending 

on the ambient temperature. A content of 30 % by volume provides pro-
tection down to -16 °C. See page 26. 

- Never top up with only water or only glycol. Fluid losses must always 

be replaced with pre-mixed coolant having the same glycol concentra-
tion as that in the engine. If the glycol content drops, both anti-freeze 
protection and protection against corrosion are impaired. 

Note

A glycol concentration below 30% by volume will not provide suf-
ficient protection against corrosion. Glycol concentrations higher 
than 60% do not improve anti-freeze protection and have a nega-
tive effect on engine cooling capacity. 

If there is no danger of freezing: 

- Only Scania Anti-corrosive should be used in the coolant as protection 

against corrosion. The correct corrosion inhibitor content is 7-12% by 
volume and must never be less than 7% by volume. The inhibitor in Sca-
nia Anti-corrosive
 
is free of nitrite. 

- First filling: Fill the cooling system with water + 10% by volume of 

Scania Anti-corrosive. Use drinkable water with a pH value of 6 - 9. 

- Never top up with only water or only anti-corrosive! Fluid losses 

must always be replaced with premixed coolant:
water + 10 % by volume of Scania Anti-corrosive. 

Coolant filter (not standard equipment)

Only coolant filter without inhibitor may be used. The use of coolant filters 
increases the life of the coolant and reduces the risk of deposition corrosion. 

Coolant composition:

If there is a danger of freezing:

minimum 30% glycol by volume

maximum 60 % glycol by volume

If there is no danger of freezing:

7-12% by volume

Scania Anti-corrosive

(no glycol)

Ethylene glycol and corrosion 

inhibitor, if swallowed can be 

fatal.

Avoid contact with the skin.

The recommended glycol must 

not be mixed with glycol having 

nitrite-based anti-corrosive.

The use of too much Scania 

Anti-corrosive as mixed with 

glycol may cause deposits.

If a coolant filter has been fitted 

it must not contain inhibitor.

2001-05:1

14. Checking the fuel level (see page 35)

17. Checking the electrolyte level in batteries (see page 37). 

18. Checking the state of charge in batteries (see page 37)

20. Checking the coolant level monitor (see page 38) (if fitted). 

21. Checking the temperature monitor (see page 39)

22. Checking the oil pressure monitor (see page 40)

23. Checking stop feature (see page 40).

24. Checking transmission belt (see page 42).

CHECKS BEFORE RUNNING 

Before running, ”Daily maintenance” as described in the maintenance sche-
dule should be carried out, see page 19. 

STARTING THE ENGINE 

If the fuel tank has been run dry or if the engine has not been used for a long 
time, bleed the fuel system (see page 35)

For environmental reasons, your new Scania engine has been designed to use 
a smaller amount of fuel when starting. Using unnecessarily large amounts of 
fuel when starting the engine always results in the discharge of unburnt fuel. 

- Engines with mechanical stop control: Set the stop control to operating 

position.

- Open fuel valve (if fitted). 
- Declutch the engine (does not apply to engines with fixed clutch, e.g. 

gensets). 

- Engines with battery master switch: Switch on the power using the bat-

tery master switch. 

- Set the speed control to raised idling. (Does not apply to gensets) 
- Start the engine. 

Important

A maximum of 3 start attempts per minute may be made when 
the stop solenoid is activated at start. The timer module can 
be damaged resulting in the loss of the stop feature. 

Starting at low temperatures 

Local environmental requirements must be complied with. Starting aids, 
engine heaters and/or flame start devices should be used to avoid starting 
problems and white smoke.

To limit white smoke, the engine should be run at low speed and under mode-
rate load. Avoid running it longer than necessary at idling speed.

Only start the engine in a 

properly ventilated area.

When operating the engine in 

an enclosed area, an effective 

extraction device for exhaust 

gases and crankcase gases

must be used.

Never use starting spray or 

similar as a starting aid.

An explosion may occur in the 

intake pipe, which could cause 

personal injury.

Immobilise the starting device 

when working on the engine.

If the engine starts out of 

control, there is a

SERIOUS RISK

OF INJURY.

14

At temperatures below 0 °C: 

Note

Only use starting aids recommended by Scania

- The starter motor may only be used for 30 seconds at a time. After that 

time it must rest for 2 minutes. 

If the engine has flame start: 

- Operating flame start without timer relay: Press the control button, 

which also acts as a pre-glow button (max. 20 seconds). The glow plug 
continues to glow as long as this button is depressed after the engine has 
started. Maximum time is 5 minutes.

- Operating flame start with timer relay: Press the pre-glow button 

(a maximum of 20 seconds). Release it when the engine starts. The timer 
relay keeps the glow plug glowing for 5 minutes. If a shorter glow time 
is required, press the release button. The key must be set to the 
0 position if the start attempt fails. 

Note

If the engine is equipped with an INTERLOCK switch, this 
switch should be depressed and held down until the oil pressure 
has reached a sufficiently high level. 

- Generator sets should be operated under load immediately after starting 

to avoid the risk of white smoke. This applies in particular to engines 
that have been installed without aids for heating or applying a basic 
load. 

- Set the appropriate idle speed before the engine reaches 1,000 rpm (does 

not apply to gensets). 

- Warm up the engine with a light load. A light load on a cold engine 

gives better combustion and faster heating than warming up with no 
load. 

Maximum starter engagement 

time is 30 seconds. Risk of 

overheating. Allow starter to 

cool for 2 minutes after a 

starting attempt before 

cranking again.

2001-05:1

RUNNING

Check instruments and warning lamps at regular intervals. 

Engine speed 

The Scania tachometer is divided into sectors of different colours, as follows

.

Coolant temperature

Correct coolant temperature during operation: 

70 - 93 °C for system at atmospheric pressure. 

70 - about 100 °C for system with positive pressure. 

High coolant temperature leads to engine damage. Reduce the load on the 
engine in order to lower the temperature. If the temperature does not drop, 
stop the engine and look for the fault. 

During long periods of operation with very low power take-off, the engine 
may have difficulty in reaching 70 °C. However, if the load is increased, tem-
perature will rise. 

0 - 500 rpm 

red area: 

prohibited engine speed, passed when 
stopping and starting. 

500 - 700 rpm 

yellow area: 

low idle. 

700 - 2200 rpm 

green area: 

normal operating speed. 
Highest torque and lowest fuel consump-
tion at 1400 - 1600 rpm. Low operating 
speed gives less engine wear. 

2200 - 2600 rpm 

yellow/ 
green 
striped: 

unsuitable operating speed. May occur 
when switching off .

2600 - 3000 rpm 

red area: 

prohibited engine speed 

16

Oil pressure

Max. oil pressure: 

warm engine running at a speed above 800 rpm

6 bar 

Normal oil pressure: 

warm engine running at operating speed

3 - 6 bar 

Min. oil pressure: 

warm engine running at 800 rpm

0.7 bar 

At engine speeds below 800 rpm the gauge may indicate low oil pressure alt-
hough no fault is present. 

Oil pressure below 0.7 bar at speeds above 800 rpm will cause engine 
damage. The engine must be stopped immediately. 

Charging indicator lamp

 

If the lamp comes on during operation

- Check/adjust the alternator drive belts as described in the maintenance 

step. See page 42. 

- If the charging indicator lamp is still on, this could be due to an alterna-

tor fault or a fault in the electrical system. 

STOPPING THE ENGINE 

1.

Run the engine without a load for a few minutes if it has been run con-
tinuously with a heavy load. 

2.

Stop the engine using the stop control. Engines with a stop solenoid and 
fuel shut-off valve are stopped using the stop button. Hold the stop but-
ton depressed until the engine has fully stopped. 

3.

Engines with battery master switch: Cut the power using the battery 
master switch. (Does not apply to emergency power back-up units). 

4.

Set the control switch to 0. (Does not apply to emergency power back-
up units). 

Emergency stop

The stop solenoid linkage system has a knob marked ”STOP”. Pull the lin-
kage system to the stop position using this knob if it is not possible to stop the 
engine using the stop solenoid. 

High lubricating oil pressure 

(above 6 bar) is normal when 

starting a cold engine.

There is danger of turbo damage 

and post boiling if the engine is 

stopped without cooling.

The power must not be switched 

off before the engine has 

stopped.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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