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Frelander 2. Manual - part 275

Starting System - TD4 2.2L Diesel, Vehicles Built From: 01-03-2009 -
Starting System

Description and Operation

STOP/START SYSTEM

COMPONENT LOCATION

Stop/Start system component location

Item

Part Number

Description

Voltage quality module

Battery monitoring system module

Absorption glass mat battery

Gear neutral sensor

Starter motor

Auxiliary coolant pump

Linear clutch sensor

Brake vacuum sensor

Stop/Start switch

OVERVIEW

The TD4_e introduces the first intelligent ‘Stop/Start’ system into a Land Rover vehicle. The system automatically shuts
down and restarts the vehicle’s engine when the appropriate conditions are satisfied. This reduces the amount of time the
engine spends idling, thereby improving fuel economy and reducing emissions. This is advantageous for vehicles which
spend significant amounts of time in congested traffic, for example:

waiting at traffic lights,
frequently coming to a halt in traffic jams.

Gains from this technology in comparison to a previous TD4 vehicle without Stop/Start, and based on a legally defined
‘European Drive Cycle’ are typically in the range of:

emissions, reduced by almost 8 percent over the standard EU4 drive cycle, this equates to a reduction of

15g/km.
Fuel consumption, improved by 3.8 miles per gallon; or 0.6 liters for every 62 miles / 100 kilometers.

• NOTE: Fuel economy and emission reduction will vary on driving style and traffic congestion.

Introduced as standard in the diesel vehicle with manual transmission, the Stop/Start system is automatically activated
each time an ignition cycle occurs. However, the driver can deactivate the system by pressing the ‘Eco’ switch in the fascia.

Eco Stop/Start Switch

• NOTE: In addition to the Stop/Start system the ‘Eco’ switch also operates the Gear Shift Indicator system.

For additional information, refer to:

Instrument Cluster

(413-01 Instrument Cluster, Description and Operation).

The LED tell-tale light in the Eco switch is illuminated to inform the driver that the Stop/Start system is functioning
correctly. The tell-tale light will extinguish if:

The driver switches off the Stop/Start system.
Either HDC (hill decent control) or TR (terrain response) is active.
There is a system fault; for additional information, refer to the System Fault section below.

New software added to the

ECM (engine control module)

controls the operation of the Stop/Start system where in addition

to its own dedicated components the Stop/Start system encompasses many other vehicle systems. Complex technology
interconnects these systems and ensures all the necessary conditions are satisfied by monitoring, among others:

position of the clutch pedal,
gear selector position
road speed
state of vital vehicle systems
environmental conditions.

If all necessary conditions are satisfied the Stop/Start system will automatically stop the engine if:

the vehicle is stationary,
the transmission is in neutral,
the clutch pedal is fully released.

The driver will be notified that the engine is shutdown by the ‘Eco’ icon being illuminated in the instrument cluster. Other
warnings normally associated with an engine shutdown, for example the ignition and low oil pressure indicators are
suppressed so will not illuminate during an engine shutdown in a Stop/Start cycle.

Eco Stop/Start Indicator

The engine will automatically restart when the driver depresses the clutch, ready for a gear to be selected. The ‘Eco’ icon
in the instrument cluster will extinguish at this point.

If system conditions are not approved by the ECM the Stop/Start system will not behave as expected, examples of this
are:

System inhibit: the engine will continue running even though the vehicle is stationary with the transmission in
neutral and the clutch pedal fully released.
System override: the engine has been stopped by the Stop/Start system but conditions have since changed, this
will activate an early automatic engine restart.

These interventions are to ensure the Stop/Start system does not impact on:

vehicle and occupant safety,
driver requirements,
occupant comfort,
vehicle ‘on-road’ and ‘off-road’ capabilities.

Although the main control logic for Stop/Start operation resides in the ECM; the

CJB (central junction box)

has also been

upgraded with new software to communicate engine shutdown inhibits to the ECM. In some instances, depending on the
reason for the system intervention the driver will be notified via the message Center the reason for the intervention. For
additional information, refer to message Center table below.

System conditions that influence the operation of the Stop/Start system are discussed further in the ‘Stop Inhibitors, Start
Initiators and Start Inhibitors’ section, below.

WARNING: To avoid injury when performing repair work on the vehicle always disable the Stop/Start system by

pressing the ‘ECO’ button, ensure that ‘ECO STOP/START OFF’ is displayed in the message Center and the ECO tell-tale
light in the switch is extinguished.

MESSAGE CENTER

A number of driver information messages have been introduced to inform the driver of the Stop/Start system’s status of
operation.

The instrument cluster receives message Center data from the ECM via the CJB over the medium speed

CAN (controller

area network)

bus. The CJB generates this data based on medium and high speed CAN bus inputs and hardwired inputs

received from various system control modules. Software contained within the instrument cluster converts the data from the
CJB into display messages for the driver.

Stop/Start Messages

Message

Other Warnings

Reason

Action

ECO STOP/START
ON

Tell-tale light in the
Eco switch
illuminated.

The system has been switched off and then later
switched on within the same ignition cycle.

If required, press the Eco
switch to deactivate the
Stop/Start system.

ECO STOP/START
OFF

Tell-tale light in the
Eco switch
extinguished.

The Eco switch has been pressed.

If required, press the Eco
switch to reactivate the
Stop/Start system.

ECO STOP/START
UNAVAILABLE

Tell-tale light in the
Eco switch
extinguished.

Either, HDC (hill decent control) or TR (terrain
response) is active.

Deselect HDC or TR if
terrain conditions permit.

SELECT NEUTRAL
TO RESTART

None

The engine has been shutdown in a Stop/Start
cycle and the driver has engaged a gear without
depressing the clutch.

Depress clutch and select
neutral.

RESTART REQUIRED
PRESS CLUTCH

None

W hen an engine restart is required in a Stop/Start
cycle but the driver’s location is unknown. Either
the driver’s door or safety belt is unlatched.

Depress clutch.

ECO STOP/START
FAULT

Tell-tale light in the
Eco switch
extinguished.

Stop/Start not available due to system or
sub-system failure.

Connect Land Rover
approved diagnostic
equipment to diagnose
fault.

• NOTE: ‘SELECT NEUTRAL TO RESTART’ can appear if the driver is resting their hand on the gear lever with enough
pressure to move the transmission out of the neutral window without engaging a gear.

• NOTE: If after an unsuccessful automatic restart the driver is requested to restart the engine for example, by depressing
the clutch. This action has to be completed within 50 seconds, otherwise the Stop/Start system will deactivate and a
conventional start will be required.

REFINEMENT AND DURABILITY

Engine operating refinement has been maintained and in some cases refined to ensure the vehicle’s occupants witness an
almost seamless operation with regard to engine shutdown and restart within a Stop/Start cycle.

To reduce engine shake when the engine is shutting-down a revised throttle closing strategy is introduced, which ramps
down the fuel injection in a more smooth and controlled manner. At the same time the generator is turned-off to reduce
load on the engine.

ECM software changes and revised engine calibration further aid a smoother engine shutdown. Furthermore the optimized
engine mounting strategy and tuning assists in reducing engine shake on engine start-up.

Components directly involved with engine start-up and shut-down have been either upgraded or replaced to withstand the
increased frequency of Stop/Start cycles over the lifetime of the vehicle. These enhanced and more robust components are
discussed in this section.

CAUTION: To maintain the correct operation of the Stop/Start system care must be taken when replacing

components, that only approved parts are fitted as some components from earlier vehicles will fit the TD4_e.

Starter Motor

To improve durability due to the increased start-demands on the starter motor a number of improvements have been
made:

Grease seals have been upgraded.
A hard wearing copper-tungsten contact material has been introduced to improve wear resistance within the starter
solenoid.
The pinion gear is manufactured from a harder grade of steel.

Flywheel Ring Gear

Due to the increased start-demands, the flywheel ring gear is manufactured from a harder grade of steel with 25% more
carbon content which increases its durability.

Dual Mass Flywheel

As with previous diesel powered vehicles a dual-mass flywheel is fitted to ensure refinement when the engine is being
either started, stopped or running at low speeds.

To provide an even greater level of refinement due to the increased start and stop demands, a new friction disc has been
developed for the TD4_e dual-mass flywheel. The new friction disc which is able to withstand seven-times the pressure of
a standard disc is manufactured from polyetheretherketone also known as PEEK.

PEEK is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic, which is resistant to both organic and aqueous environments. It has a
high-melting point making it resistant to thermal degradation. It is also one of the few plastics compatible with ultra-high
vacuum applications and is typically used in bearings, piston parts and pumps.

Absorption Glass Mat Battery

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