Engine JAC HFC4DA1-2C. Manual - part 165
FT
FT
FT
FT Four-Wheel
Four-Wheel
Four-Wheel
Four-Wheel Alignment
Alignment
Alignment
Alignment
- 186 -
3.
Toe-in effect
�
Effect of positive toe-in: Tire outside wear due
to excessive positive camber takes the form of
feature. Touch it from the inside to outside and
sharp needle like feeling can be felt on the
tread outer edge.
�
Effect of negative toe-in: Tire inside wear due
to excessive negative camber takes the form
of feature. Touch it from the outside to inside
and sharp needle like feeling can be felt on the
tread outer edge.
4.
In case of inconsistency between two wheel toe-in,
the vehicle shall be pulled to one side of the
smaller toe-in.
Kingpin
Kingpin
Kingpin
Kingpin caster
caster
caster
caster
Kingpin
Kingpin
Kingpin
Kingpin caster
caster
caster
caster definition
definition
definition
definition
It refers to the angle included between the steering axis
and the line vertical to ground, which indicates the
forward and backward inclination of the line between
the upper ball joint or strut top and the lower ball joint
viewed from the side of vehicle (called the imaginary
steering
axis). There are three kinds of caster, viz.
positive caster, negative caster and zero caster.
Caster
Caster
Caster
Caster adjustment
adjustment
adjustment
adjustment (generally
(generally
(generally
(generally nonadjustable
nonadjustable
nonadjustable
nonadjustable)
As for the adjustment of caster, make analysis and
judgment as per different vehicle models at first and
then
make
adjustment
through
adjusting
washer,
eccentric camshaft, eccentric ball joint, girder slot, or
balance bar.
Inclination
Inclination
Inclination
Inclination angle
angle
angle
angle definition
definition
definition
definition
Definition of inclination angle: The angle included
between the steering axis and the plumb line viewed
from the front of vehicle.
Kingpin inclination angle mainly functions for the
realization of auto return after steering and the increase
of adhesion force of vehicle. Kingpin inclination angle
is unadjustable and its standard value can be achieved
by the replacement of defect parts.
As for four-wheel alignment of SUNRAY vehicles, only
the data adjustment for front wheels can be realized but
not for rear wheels. Among various parameters of front
wheels, the camber and toe-in are adjustable. Determine
the camber at first and then adjust the toe-in in order to
ensure the stability of vehicle straight running.
Common faults:
1.
Abnormal wear of tire: Middle part wear, tire
shoulder wear, eccentric wear, feature-like wear,
serrated wear, wavy wear and spotty wear.
Middle part wear: Too high tire pressure.
Tire shoulder wear: Too low tire pressure and
overloading.
Eccentric wear: Improper camber.
Feature-like wear: Improper toe-in.
Serrated wear: Frequent brake application under
overloading condition for a long time and tire
rotation not conducted at regular intervals.
Wavy wear: Dynamic unbalance of tire, large
circular runout of wheel end face, looseness of hub
bearing and steering knuckle, too big thrust angle
of rear wheels and etc.
Spotty wear: Shimmy under high speed rotation of
wheel, excessive clearance of bearing, ball joint
and steering rod, dynamic unbalance of tire.
2.
Running
deviation:
Probably
caused
by
inconsistent kingpin inclination angle, camber,
caster, toe-in, tire pattern, shock absorber vibration
reduction effect or wheel base between left and
right wheels.
3.
Memory
deviation:
Probably
caused
by
interference of upper strut support motion, wear of
shock absorber steady bearing, over sticking of ball
joint or unbalance power steering.
4.
Torque deviation: Probably caused by stuck or
loose
ball
joint,
unequal
axle
angle
under
acceleration, nonconforming inclination angle and
included angle, or improper alignment of power
train.