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Fuel, Emissions, and Exhaust 3-41
®
5745159
FUEL SYSTEM CONTAMINATION Organic Contamination
Diesel fuel systems are susceptible to fungi and other micro-or- The growths appear slimy and may be black, green, or brown. Fungi feed on the fuel and need only trace amounts of minerals The most common symptom is a loss of performance due to
WARNING: To avoid personal injury do not come into
If fungi have caused fuel system problems, sterilize the system Use of biocides while operating under heavy loads such as Contamination that is severe or does not respond to biocides
Water or Wax Contamination
1. Remove fuel cap from filler tube. 2. Drain fuel into portable tank with air powered pumping 3. Drain filter, fuel pump, and fuel lines. 4. Refill tank with fresh fuel. 5. Start engine and bleed lines, filter, and injectors.
Checking Fuel Quality
The fuel quality may cause driveability problems such as hesi- For best results, use Diesel fuel No. 2 year-round (above and
very
cold temperatures ( when it stays below 0° F (-18° C); however; it will produce a loss in power and fuel
CAUTION:
The use of Diesel fuel No. 1 in warm or hot cli- mates may result in stalling, poor starting when the engine is
A quick check on fuel quality can be performed with tool
NOTE:
The fuel quality hydrometer provides a general indica- tion of fuel quality and should not be considered to be scientif- 1. Drain the fuel filter housing as follows: • Stop engine. • Place container under drain valve hose at left front side of vehicle. • Open drain valve. • Start engine and run it at curb idle speed until clear fuel appears at drain valve exit hose. • Fill a 1-liter (0.946 quart) container with sample of clean fuel. • Close drain valve and stop engine.
NOTE:
Visually inspect the fuel sample for obvious contami- nants such as water or sediment. Check the odor of the sample 2. Fill hydrometer tool J–38641-B with fuel sample as • Squeeze hydrometer bulb • Immerse hydrometer tip in fuel sample • Release bulb and allow fuel to enter glass tube until in- dicator floats freely. • Gently spin hydrometer to relieve surface tension of fuel sample. 3. Read the scale on the glass bulb at the point where the top • Reading this scale will indicate an approximate fuel oil specific gravity. • Refer to tool instructions on how to determine API spe- cific gravity. • Refer to Fuel Oil Specific Gravity Requirements table. 4. If the correct fuel is being used in the conditions listed in
Fuel Oil Specific Gravity Requirements:
Diesel No. 2 Diesel No. 1 Special Tool API Gravity 30-39 39-44 J–38641–B
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