Ford F-250 (2024 year). Manual in english - page 12

 

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Ford F-250 (2024 year). Manual in english - page 12

 

 

E317893

The yellow indicator represents
that you have positioned your
vehicle too close to the trailer

and you need to pull away from the trailer
until the indicator turns green.

Trailer Hitching Assistance
Audible Indicators

The system chimes as part of normal
operation to alert the driver that an action
needs to be taken or an event has been
completed.

378

Trailer Hitching Assistance

 (If Equipped)

WHAT IS SMART HITCH

Smart hitch shows how balanced the
weight is from the trailer onto the vehicle's
hitch and front axle.

HOW DOES SMART HITCH
WORK

Smart hitch uses sensors mounted to the
suspension to calculate the tongue weight
of the connected trailer.

SMART HITCH LIMITATIONS

You cannot use the system if any of the
following occur:

The wheels are not pointed straight
ahead.

Your vehicle is not in park (P) or your
vehicle speed is over 5 mph (8 km/h).

Your vehicle is not on a level surface.

The tire pressures are below the
recommended levels.

Your vehicle is off.

USING SMART HITCH

1.

Press 

Features

 on the touchscreen.

2. Press 

Smart Hitch

.

E390704

Settings menu.

A

Quick setup.

B

Connection checklist.

C

Hitch type selection.

D

Smart Hitch Settings

Press the settings menu to adjust the
smart hitch settings.

Measurement Units

Press to change measurement units
between pounds and kilograms.

Quick Setup

Press to skip the trailer setup guide and
adjust the load in the trailer to a balanced
range.

Connection Checklist

Press to go through the trailer setup guide
and adjust the load in the trailer to a
balanced range.

Reset Hitch Weight

Press to reset the weight on the hitch to
zero.

379

Smart Hitch

 (If Equipped)

Loaded Trailer Weight

Press to set the total weight of the loaded
trailer.

Note:

Make sure you include both the trailer

weight and the trailer cargo in your
calculation for total weight of the loaded
trailer.

Tail Lamps

Press to see the hitch load balance on the
vehicle’s tail lamps.

Hitch Type Selection

Press to select the hitch type.

Note:

The vehicle's tongue weight is not

available until you attach a trailer.

380

Smart Hitch

 (If Equipped)

WHAT IS ONBOARD SCALES

Onboard scales provides the estimated
payload of your vehicle and warns when
your vehicle is overloaded.

HOW DOES ONBOARD SCALES
WORK

Onboard scales uses sensors mounted to
the suspension to calculate the vehicle's
payload.

ONBOARD SCALES
LIMITATIONS

You cannot use the system if any of the
following occur:

The wheels are not pointed straight
ahead.

Your vehicle is not in park (P).

Your vehicle is not on a level surface.

The tire pressures are below the
recommended levels.

Your vehicle is off.

USING ONBOARD SCALES

1.

Press 

Features

 on the touchscreen.

2. Press 

Onboard Scales

.

E410018

Settings menu.

A.

Estimated payload.

B.

Tail lamps on and off.

C.

Passenger and Cargo Load
Reminder.

D.

Vehicle capacity range.

E.

Tail Lamps

Press to see the estimated payload on the
vehicle's tail lamps.

Onboard Scales Settings

Vehicle Mode

Press to see the current estimated
payload.

Scale Mode

Press to see a representation of the weight
added to the vehicle's current payload and
to reset the scale to zero.

Passenger and Cargo Load Reminder

Press to switch the load reminder on or off.

Set Passenger and Cargo Load Reminder

Press to set a value of weight to be
considered in the vehicle that is not present
while the vehicle is being loaded.

381

Onboard Scales

 (If Equipped)

Example of application: Passenger(s)
weight.

The default and minimum value is 150 lb
(75 kg).

The maximum value is 1,550 lb (700 kg).

Press

 Set Current Load as Estimate

 to

store the immediate payload reading as a
Passenger and Cargo Load Reminder.

Measurement Units

Press to change measurement units
between pounds and kilograms.

382

Onboard Scales

 (If Equipped)

WHAT IS TRAILER BACKUP
ASSISTANCE

Trailer backup assistance utilizes the
control knob on the instrument panel to
help you steer a trailer. Turn the control
knob in the direction you want the trailer
to go and the system steers the vehicle.

HOW DOES TRAILER BACKUP
ASSISTANCE WORK

Trailer backup assistance uses a sticker or
sensor attached to the trailer to detect the
trailer angle relative to the towing vehicle
and provides instructions, graphics and
camera views on the touchscreen.

TRAILER BACKUP
ASSISTANCE PRECAUTIONS

WARNING: 

Driving while distracted

can result in loss of vehicle control, crash
and injury. We strongly recommend that
you use extreme caution when using any
device that may take your focus off the
road. Your primary responsibility is the
safe operation of your vehicle. We
recommend against the use of any
hand-held device while driving and
encourage the use of voice-operated
systems when possible. Make sure you
are aware of all applicable local laws
that may affect the use of electronic
devices while driving.

WARNING: 

This system is an extra

driving aid. It does not replace your
attention and judgment, or the need to
apply the brakes. This system does NOT
automatically brake your vehicle. If you
fail to press the brake pedal when
necessary, you may collide with another
vehicle.

Note:

The system is not a substitute for

safe driving practices. Always be aware of
your vehicle and trailer combination, and
the surrounding environment.

Note:

The system does not detect or

prevent your vehicle or trailer from making
contact with obstacles in the surrounding
environment.

Note:

The front end of your vehicle swings

out when changing the direction of the
trailer.

Note:

In certain conditions, the trailer could

turn faster or the trailer angle could increase
more than anticipated. Always monitor the
clearance between the trailer and vehicle
and the surroundings.

SETTING UP THE TRAILER
BACKUP ASSISTANCE FOR A
CONVENTIONAL TRAILER

CONFIGURING THE TRAILER

You must configure a trailer in the system
to use trailer backup assistance. This is a
one-time setup process and the trailer
information is saved in the system for the
next time you use that trailer.

The following illustration shows examples
of conventional trailers.

383

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

E209766

Positioning the Trailer

Hitch the trailer to your vehicle and
connect the electrical wiring harness.
Check to make sure that the wiring is
working.  See 

Connecting a Trailer

 (page

356).

E209759

Park your vehicle and hitched trailer on a
level surface.

For best results, make sure that your trailer
rides level with the ground when you hitch
your vehicle.  See 

Connecting a Trailer

(page 356).

E209760

Make sure that the trailer and your vehicle
are in line with each other. You can do this
by putting the transmission in drive (D) and
pulling straight forward.

Configuring the Trailer in the
Touchscreen

E373857

1.

Press the button to switch the system
on.

2. Press 

Add Trailer

 on the touchscreen.

3. Follow the directions on the

touchscreen to enter the trailer name
and trailer type, then proceed to the
sticker or sensor setup.

Note:

If you configure the trailer and install

a sensor, the trailer is saved with that sensor
information. If you want to use this trailer
with the sticker, you need to delete the
trailer from the system and repeat the setup
process.

384

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

Your vehicle has two options for the

trailer reversing aid setup. If your vehicle
came with a trailer sensor kit or if a message
displays to install a sensor, follow the sensor
installation instructions.  See 

Trailer Sensor

Installation

 (page 385).  If your vehicle did

not come with a trailer sensor kit, follow the
sticker installation instructions.  See

Applying the Trailer Reversing Aid Sticker

(page 385).

APPLYING THE TRAILER
REVERSING AID STICKER

Place the sticker in an area visible by the
rear view camera. The entire sticker must
be within 4–19 in (10–48 cm) from the
center of the hitch ball, as shown in the
following illustration.

E333148

Use the supplied sticker placement card,
a tape measure and pen to carefully mark
the area to attach the sticker. The sticker
is in the back cover pocket of your quick
start guide. Make sure the entire sticker is
within the green zone between the two
arcs or distance markers on the diagram,
and is also visible in the rear view camera
display.

Once you have found the correct location,
place the sticker.

Note:

Make sure nothing can obstruct the

rear view camera's view of the sticker such
as a jack handle or wiring.

Note:

Position the sticker on a flat, dry and

clean horizontal surface. For best results,
apply the sticker when temperatures are
above 32°F (0°C).

Note:

Do not move stickers after placing

them. Do not re-use any stickers if removed.

Note:

You can purchase additional stickers

through your authorized dealer.

Note:

If you previously setup the trailer with

the trailer sensor, make sure it is not plugged
in before configuring the trailer and placing
the sticker.

TRAILER SENSOR INSTALLATION

E315959

E335221

Refer to the instructions included with your
trailer sensor for detailed information
regarding installation.

385

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

Make sure the arrows on the sensor

housing are facing up. Mount the sensor to
a vertical part of the trailer that pivots when
you turn your vehicle. Do not mount to a
stationary surface such as the truck side of
the trailer hitch.

CALIBRATING THE SYSTEM

Calibrating the system requires driving
forward and turning left or right. Follow the
instructions on the touchscreen to
complete the calibration process.

E352329

Note:

To calibrate the system, you need an

area where you can safely drive forward and
turn left or right. An open parking lot is an
ideal place to perform the calibration.

Note:

Keep the steering wheel straight

when instructed to by the touchscreen. If
the steering wheel is in a turned position
during this instruction, the calibration
pauses.

Note:

During calibration, the system

determines the trailer length. The system
supports trailer lengths of 6–33 ft
(1.85–10.05 m) distance from the hitch
point to the center of the axle or axles. The
system is designed to work with drawbars
that have a license plate to hitch ball center
measurement of 9–18 in (23–46 cm) when
installed. Do not attempt to use drawbars
or trailers that have a length outside of this
range as the system performance degrades
and could cause improper system function.

Note:

The touchscreen shows if you are

going too slow or fast. Calibration pauses if
the speed is outside the required range of
2–9 mph (4–15 km/h).

Note:

You need to complete at least a 90°

turn, and longer trailers could require a 180°
turn. Camera trailer tracking requires the
system to locate the hitch ball as well as
determine the trailer length. Some trailers
could require you to drive straight then turn
multiple times before calibration completes.
The touchscreen provides instructions and
notifies you when calibration completes.

Note:

For best results, do not calibrate the

system at night when calibrating the system
with the sticker.

SETTING UP THE TRAILER
BACKUP ASSISTANCE FOR A
FIFTH-WHEEL OR GOOSENECK
TRAILER

CONFIGURING THE TRAILER

You must configure a trailer in the system
to use trailer backup assistance. This is a
one-time setup process and the trailer
information is saved in the system for the
next time you use that trailer.

The following illustration shows examples
of fifth-wheel and gooseneck trailers.

386

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

Trailer reverse guidance camera

views are available with no trailer setup.
However, complete functionality including
graphics and automatic view switching is
enabled by setup. Setup is required to
enable trailer backup assistance.

E311877

Configuring the Trailer in the
Instrument Cluster Display

E373857

1.

Press the button to switch the system
on.

2. Using the instrument cluster controls

on the steering wheel, select 

Add

Trailer

.

3. Add a personalized name for the trailer

using the instrument cluster display
prompts. Use the down arrow to scroll
to the preferred letter and then press
the right arrow to advance to the next
letter.  Press the 

OK

 button.

4. Select the trailer brake type.

Note:

Select 

Default

Electric/Surge/None

 if the trailer has

electric, surge or no brakes.

5. Select the trailer brake effort.

387

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

The default value is 

Low

 and is the

recommended setting for most trailers.
Select a different setting if your trailer's
brakes require more initial voltage, or you
prefer more aggressive trailer braking.

6. Select the trailer type.

Note:

The system could prompt you to

setup 

Trailer Blind Spot

 before continuing

the setup process.

7.

Select whether you want to add the
feature.

TRAILER SENSOR INSTALLATION

E315959

E316145

To use the system with a fifth-wheel or
gooseneck trailer, you must install a
sensor. Refer to the instructions in the
sensor kit for proper installation.

Note:

Make sure the arrows on the sensor

housing are facing up. Mount the sensor to
a vertical part of the trailer that pivots and
moves when you turn your vehicle. Do not
mount to a stationary surface or to the truck
side of the fifth wheel-trailer hitch.

Note:

You need to replace the 7/4 way

connector in the bumper with the
recommended 7/12 pin connector if your
vehicle did not come with the fifth-wheel
prep package. See your authorized dealer.

Note:

If your vehicle has the fifth-wheel

prep package, you have everything you need.
If your vehicle does not have the fifth-wheel
prep package, see your authorized dealer to
purchase the sensor kit and the 7/12 pin
connector.

CALIBRATING THE SYSTEM

Calibrating the system requires driving
forward and turning left or right. Follow the
instructions on the instrument cluster
display and touchscreen to complete the
calibration process.

E346605

Note:

Calibrating the system requires an

area where you can safely drive forward and
turn left or right. An open parking lot is an
ideal place to perform the calibration.

388

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

Keep the steering wheel straight

when instructed to by the instrument cluster
display and touchscreen. If the steering
wheel is in a turned position during this
instruction, the calibration pauses.

Note:

During calibration, the system

determines the trailer length. The system
supports trailer lengths of 10–39 ft
(3–11.94 m) distance from the hitch point
to the center of the axle or axles.

Note:

The instrument cluster displays and

touchscreen shows if you are going too slow
or fast. Calibration pauses if the speed is
outside the required range of 2–16 mph
(4–25 km/h).

Note:

You need to complete at least a 90°

turn, and longer trailers could require a 180°
turn.

SWITCHING TRAILER BACKUP
ASSISTANCE ON AND OFF

E373857

Press the button and use the touchscreen
to select the connected trailer.

Note:

A trailer must be configured to use

trailer backup assistance.  See 

Configuring

the Trailer

 (page 383).

Note:

If you use the steering wheel when

using trailer backup assistance, the system
turns off and a message displays in the
touchscreen.

Note:

If the trailer was connected just prior

to turning the system on, you may need to
drive forward to initialize the system. Follow
the instructions on the touchscreen to
activate the system.

USING THE TRAILER BACKUP
ASSISTANCE CONTROLLER

Use the control knob to steer the trailer.
Take your hands off the steering wheel and
turn the control knob instead. The control
knob acts as the steering control for the
trailer.

E313025

Turn and hold counterclockwise to make
the trailer go left.

389

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

E313026

Turn and hold clockwise to make the trailer
go right.

E313027

Release the knob when the trailer is
moving in the direction you want.

Note:

The more you turn the knob, the

sharper the trailer turns.

Note:

Quickly turning and releasing the

knob results in a jerky movement of the
vehicle.

Note:

You may have to use the knob to

correct the trailer direction when attempting
to move the trailer straight back under some
conditions.

USING THE TRAILER BACKUP
ASSISTANCE VIEWS

Up to seven camera views could be
available when using trailer backup
assistance. Use the view that helps you the
most when reversing your vehicle and
trailer.

Note:

The rear view camera view is

available on all vehicles with trailer backup
assistance. Additional views are available
on vehicles with trailer reverse guidance.

E310996

360° camera view. Shows a
360° view on the right-hand side
of the touchscreen with a rear

camera view on the left-hand side of the
touchscreen.

E310967

Rear view camera view. Shows
your trailer hitch or what is
directly behind your vehicle.

E310974

Rear split view camera view.
Shows a 180° degree view of
what is behind your vehicle.

E310995

Bed camera view. Shows the
truck bed.

Note:

This view also provides a

picture-in-picture view.

E311776

Trailer AUX camera view. Shows
a rear view camera image of
what is behind your trailer. You

need to separately purchase this camera
and have it installed.

Note:

This view also provides a

picture-in-picture view.

E310965

Trailer reverse guidance view.
Shows you a view of the sides of
your truck and the trailer. In auto

mode, this view moves as the trailer moves
so that you do not have to adjust the
camera as you turn. Left and right arrows
let you see other camera views.

390

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

E351663

Picture-in-picture view. Shows
a main view and a secondary
view when in bed camera view

or trailer AUX camera view.

Note:

If you have a 8 in (20 cm)

touchscreen, picture-in-picture is off by
default. Press the picture-in-picture icon on
the touchscreen to switch picture-in-picture
view on and off.

Note:

If you have a 12 in (30 cm)

touchscreen, picture-in-picture is on by
default and you cannot switch it off.

E351662

Swap. Press to swap between
picture-in-picture views.

E315644

Auto. Press to return to auto
view.

Note:

Auto is the default setting.

Hitch Angle Graphic

The hitch angle graphic shows a small
representation of your truck and trailer with
visual feedback to help you monitor the
trailer. The graphic shows two different
colored lines for the trailer hitch angle. A
black line shows you where your trailer is
in relation to your vehicle. The white line
represents the amount the trailer can turn
based on knob input.

The graphic shows a yellow and red zone
for the hitch angle to warn you of a high
angle condition that could require you to
pull forward to reduce the hitch angle. The
angle limits for each zone vary based on
the trailer length.

The yellow zone indicates you are
approaching the maximum controllable
trailer angle for the system. When the
trailer enters this zone, it is more difficult
to reduce the trailer turn when backing up.
It may be necessary to put your vehicle
back into drive (D) and pull forward to get
the truck and trailer back to an in-line
position.

The red zone indicates you have exceeded
the maximum controllable trailer angle for
the system. Immediately stop reversing.
Put your vehicle into drive (D) and pull
forward until the trailer is no longer in the
red zone.

Setting the 

Trailer Angle Limit

1.

Press 

Features

 on the touchscreen.

2. Press 

Towing

.

3. Press 

Manage trailers

.

4. Press 

Pro Trailer Backup Assist

.

5. Press 

Trailer Angle Limit

.

6. Press a setting.

Normal Control Angle

Default setting. This provides a balanced
limit that returns from a turn to straight
backing with minimal change to the trailer
direction.

Max Control Angle

Increases the trailer angle limit close to the
maximum controllable angle to allow
sharper turns but also causes more change
in the trailer direction when straightening
out from a turn.

391

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

TRAILER BACKUP ASSISTANCE – TROUBLESHOOTING

TRAILER BACKUP ASSISTANCE – INFORMATION MESSAGES

Description

Message

Displays when the system turns on and is
initializing.

Detecting Trailer Please Wait…

A condition exists that prevents the system
from turning on. If the message continues
to display, visit your authorized dealer to
have your vehicle checked.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ System is Not
Available

The steering system needs to learn internal
parameters to fully enable the feature.
Drive your vehicle straight forward above
25 mph (40 km/h) for approximately 5
minutes.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Driving Required
to Initialize Steering Press Knob to Exit

Displays when you reach the maximum
controllable trailer angle for the system.
Place your vehicle in drive (D) and pull
forward to get the truck and trailer back to
an in-line position.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Stop now
Maximum trailer angle Press Knob to Exit

If this message consistently displays, you
may need to repeat the trailer calibration.
Delete the trailer from the system and
repeat the setup and calibration process.

Displays when you exceed the maximum
controllable trailer angle for the system.
Place your vehicle in drive (D) and pull
forward to get your vehicle and trailer back
to an in-line position, then activate the
system by selecting the connected trailer
and following the instructions on the
touchscreen.

Stop now. Deactivated by trailer angle.

If this message consistently displays, you
may need to repeat the trailer setup and
calibration. Delete the trailer from the
system and repeat the setup and calibra-
tion process.

Displays when the system can no longer
steer the vehicle and you must take over
steering.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Stop Now Take
Control of Steering Wheel

392

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Description

Message

Displays when the system does not detect
the sensor. Check the sensor connection,
check that there is no damaged wiring
between the connector and sensor and
check that there is only one sensor
connected.
If you do not want to use the sensor for this
trailer, delete the trailer in the touchscreen
then repeat the setup process with the
sticker.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Sensor Not
Detected Refer to Owner's Manual Press
Knob to Exit

These messages display when the system
does not detect the trailer.
If your trailer is setup with a sticker, make
sure the rear camera is clean, and the
sticker is clearly visible in the camera image.
You can also move the trailer forward or
backward to change the trailer position and
lighting conditions.
If your trailer is setup with a sensor, check
that the sensor is correctly installed and
the trailer length is within the allowed
range.
If these messages continue to display, visit
your authorized dealer to have your vehicle
checked.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Trailer Not
Detected. Shift to Park Press Knob to Exit

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Trailer Not
Detected. Refer to Owner's Manual. Press
Knob to Exit

393

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

Description

Message

If your trailer is setup with a sticker, this
message displays when the camera system
cannot detect the trailer and requires trailer
movement to enable trailer detection. Drive
forward above 2 mph (3 km/h) to initialize
the system.
If your trailer is setup with a sensor, this
message displays when your vehicle has
not moved after the trailer sensor is
connected or extended operation below
1 mph (1 km/h). Drive forward above 2 mph
(3 km/h) to initialize the system.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Trailer Not
Detected Pull Forward to Initialize Press
Knob to Exit

Displays when your vehicle is backing up
but the system is not activated. Select the
connected trailer on the touchscreen and
follow the instructions to activate the
system.
This message also displays when you back
up during the calibration process.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Stop Now
System Not Active Press Knob to Exit

Displays when the system turns on and is
available to use.

Pro Trailer Backup Assist™ Backup Slowly
Turn Knob to Steer Press Knob to Exit

394

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

TRAILER BACKUP ASSISTANCE
– FREQUENTLY ASKED
QUESTIONS

Why does the trailer not reverse
straight?

Verify the sensor is correctly installed.
Other factors such as the hitch
connection, road camber, road slope
and trailer suspension could influence
how straight the system can reverse
the trailer when the control knob is not
turned. You can compensate for the
trailer drifting to the right or left by
slowly turning the knob until the trailer
is following your desired path and then
holding the knob in that position.

Why does the system not detect a
sensor?

There could be an issue with the
connection, the wiring harness could
be damaged, you could have multiple
sensors connected or the sensor could
be incorrectly installed. Check that the
12-way connector is fully inserted into
the 12-way socket. The red rubber seal
is not visible when the connector is
fully inserted. Also check that the
wiring harness sensor connection is
fully inserted at the trailer sensor, and
check for damaged wiring between
the 12-way connector and the trailer
sensor. Also, check that the sensor is
installed on a vertical surface with the
arrows pointing straight up.

What does it mean if the system
remains on one message for an
extended time during calibration when
setting up the system with the sticker?

The camera could need to be cleaned,
the sticker could be blocked, the
drawbar could be outside the allowed
range of 4–19 in (10–48 cm) or you
could need to move to a different area
to change the lighting and background.
Verify the sticker is in the proper
location.  See 

Applying the Trailer

Reversing Aid Sticker

 (page 385).

You can move to a different area or
change the direction you are driving or
setup the system at a different time
of day. Some trailers are not
compatible with the sticker and
camera system. If the issue persists
with the sticker setup, you may choose
to setup the trailer with a sensor.

What does it mean if the system pauses
during calibration?

There could be steering input or trailer
movement during the straight drive
portion of the calibration process.

What does it mean if the system
remains on one message for an
extended time during calibration when
setting up the system with the sensor?

The sensor could be incorrectly
installed, the trailer length could be
outside the allowed range or the road
surface could be too rough or bumpy.

What does it mean if the system
displays hold steering steady during
turn?

Part of the calibration process for the
sticker setup requires a steady turn. If
you are continually moving the
steering wheel during the turn, this
delays the calibration process. To
enable the calibration process, hold
the steering wheel at the same
position when turning.

395

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

What does it mean if the system
displays that it is not available?

There could be a sub-system that the
system uses that is not correctly
operating or there could be a battery
voltage issue. If the system continues
to display it is not available, visit your
authorized dealer to have your vehicle
checked.

What does it mean if the system
displays that driving is required to
initialize steering?

The steering system needs to learn
internal parameters to fully turn on the
feature. Drive your vehicle straight
forward above 25 mph (40 km/h) for
approximately 5 minutes. This could
also occur when your vehicle is new,
there is a battery voltage issue or if the
steering system has been serviced.

What does it mean if the system does
not detect a trailer when configured
with a sensor?

Verify that the sensor is properly
connected.  See 

Trailer Sensor

Installation

 (page 385).  Repeat

calibration on a different route if you
have verified sensor installation.

What does it mean if the system
requires you to pull forward to
initialize?

This occurs when the vehicle has not
moved during the current key cycle
after you connect and select the trailer
in the touchscreen or you operate the
system at speeds below 1 mph
(1 km/h) for an extended period of
time. Drive forward above 2 mph
(3 km/h) and the system indicates
when it initializes.

What does it mean if the trailer is at its
maximum angle or the system
deactivated by trailer angle?

You are at the maximum controllable
trailer angle for the system. Place your
vehicle in drive (D) and pull forward to
get the truck and trailer back to an
in-line position. If this message
consistently displays, this could
indicate the sensor is incorrectly
installed, the trailer needs to be
recalibrated or the drawbar or the
trailer dimensions are outside of the
supported range. The system is
designed to work with drawbars that
have a license plate to hitch ball center
measurement of 9–18 in (23–46 cm)
when installed. The system is designed
to work with trailers that have a hitch
point to center of the axle or axles
measurement of 6–33 ft
(1.85–10.05 m). Do not attempt to use
drawbars or trailers that have a length
outside of this range as the system
performance degrades and could
cause improper system function.
Check that the correct trailer is
selected in the touchscreen. Verify the
sensor is installed according to the
instructions included in the sensor kit
and check that the drawbar and the
trailer dimensions are within the
allowed range. Then, delete the trailer
from the system and repeat the setup
process to calibrate the trailer.

396

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

What does it mean when the system
tells you to take control of the steering
wheel?

The system is no longer steering the
vehicle and you must take over
steering. There are four reasons the
system could display this message.
The first reason the system could
display this message is that you have
touched the steering wheel when the
system is steering. The second reason
the system could display this message
is that you have exceeded the
maximum speed for the feature. The
third reason the system could display
this message is that the trailer is not
detected. The final reason the system
could display this message is that an
internal condition for system operation
is not met that requires your vehicle to
return to manual control of the
steering.

How do I use a sticker if I have
previously setup a trailer with the
sensor?

Disconnect the sensor wiring and add
a new trailer to the system and follow
the instructions for setup with a
sticker.  See 

Applying the Trailer

Reversing Aid Sticker

 (page 385).  If

your vehicle does not support the
sticker option, the touchscreen
instructs you to install the sensor
again.

What if I want to use a sensor for the
trailer instead of a sticker?

Install the sensor and connect the
sensor wiring before adding the new
trailer to the system. You must
connect the sensor before you add the
trailer. If your vehicle did not come with
a sensor, you can purchase one from
your authorized dealer.

What does it mean if the system does
not detect a trailer that is setup with a
sticker?

The system requires a clear view of the
sticker placed on the trailer. You must
keep the camera lens and sticker clean
for the system to correctly operate. If
the system cannot initially detect the
trailer, it could be necessary for you to
change the lighting conditions by
moving your vehicle and trailer or
waiting until the conditions change.
See 

Applying the Trailer Reversing

Aid Sticker

 (page 385).  Some trailers

are not compatible with the sticker
and camera system. If the system
consistently does not detect the trailer
with the sticker setup, you may choose
to setup the trailer with a sensor.

Note:

The system is designed to be used

with the same trailer connection every time
you choose the trailer from the touchscreen.
When using a different drawbar or a
different pin hole on drawbars with more
than one, connecting the drawbar to your
vehicle affects the trailer position and you
may need to repeat the trailer setup and
calibration process.

397

Trailer Backup Assistance

 (If Equipped)

WHAT IS TRAILER REVERSE
GUIDANCE

Trailer reverse guidance provides views
and graphics on the touchscreen to help
you steer your vehicle when you backup a
trailer.

HOW DOES TRAILER REVERSE
GUIDANCE WORK

Trailer reverse guidance uses a sticker or
sensor attached to the trailer to detect the
trailer angle relative to the towing vehicle
and provides instructions, graphics and
camera views on the touchscreen.

TRAILER REVERSE GUIDANCE
PRECAUTIONS

WARNING: 

Driving while distracted

can result in loss of vehicle control, crash
and injury. We strongly recommend that
you use extreme caution when using any
device that may take your focus off the
road. Your primary responsibility is the
safe operation of your vehicle. We
recommend against the use of any
hand-held device while driving and
encourage the use of voice-operated
systems when possible. Make sure you
are aware of all applicable local laws
that may affect the use of electronic
devices while driving.

WARNING: 

This system is an extra

driving aid. It does not replace your
attention and judgment, or the need to
apply the brakes. This system does NOT
automatically brake your vehicle. If you
fail to press the brake pedal when
necessary, you may collide with another
vehicle.

Note:

The system is not a substitute for

safe driving practices. Always be aware of
your vehicle and trailer combination, and
the surrounding environment.

Note:

The system does not detect or

prevent your vehicle or trailer from making
contact with obstacles in the surrounding
environment.

Note:

The front end of your vehicle swings

out when changing the direction of the
trailer.

Note:

In certain conditions, the trailer could

turn faster or the trailer angle could increase
more than anticipated. Always monitor the
clearance between the trailer and vehicle
and the surroundings.

SETTING UP TRAILER
REVERSE GUIDANCE FOR A
CONVENTIONAL TRAILER

CONFIGURING THE TRAILER

You must configure a trailer in the system
to use trailer reverse guidance. This is a
one-time setup process and the trailer
information is saved in the system for the
next time you use that trailer.

The system only works with conventional
trailers. It does not work with other types
including fifth-wheel and gooseneck. The
following illustration shows examples of
conventional trailers on the left-hand side.

Note:

Trailer reverse guidance camera

views are available with no trailer setup.
However, complete functionality including
graphics and automatic view switching is
enabled by setup. Setup is required to
enable trailer backup assistance.

398

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

E209766

Positioning the Trailer

Hitch the trailer to your vehicle and
connect the electrical wiring harness.
Check to make sure that the wiring is
working.  See 

Connecting a Trailer

 (page

356).

E209759

Park your vehicle and hitched trailer on a
level surface.

For best results, make sure that your trailer
rides level with the ground when you hitch
your vehicle.  See 

Connecting a Trailer

(page 356).

E209760

Make sure that the trailer and your vehicle
are in line with each other. You can do this
by putting the transmission in drive (D) and
pulling straight forward.

Configuring the Trailer in the
Touchscreen

1.

Shift to reverse (R).

2. Press the camera view button.

3. Press the trailer view icon.

4. Press 

Add Trailer

.

5. Follow the directions on the

touchscreen to enter the trailer name
and trailer type, then proceed to the
sticker or sensor setup.

Note:

If you configure the trailer and install

a sensor, the trailer is saved with that sensor
information. If you want to use this trailer
with the sticker, you need to delete the
trailer from the system and repeat the setup
process.

Note:

Your vehicle has two options for the

trailer reversing aid setup. If your vehicle
came with a trailer sensor kit or if a message
displays to install a sensor, follow the sensor
installation instructions.  See 

Trailer Sensor

Installation

 (page 400).  If your vehicle did

not come with a trailer sensor kit, follow the
sticker installation instructions.  See

Applying the Trailer Reverse Aid Sticker

(page 400).

Note:

If your vehicle came with a trailer

sensor kit, the vehicle will receive an update
that allows the system to operate with a
sensor or sticker. If your vehicle did not come
with a trailer sensor kit, your vehicle can be
setup using either method, but you need to
separately purchase the trailer sensor kit
from your authorized dealer.

399

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

APPLYING THE TRAILER
REVERSE AID STICKER

Place the sticker in an area visible by the
rear view camera. The entire sticker must
be within 4–19 in (10–48 cm) from the
center of the hitch ball, as shown in the
following illustration.

E333148

Use the supplied sticker placement card,
a tape measure and pen to carefully mark
the area to attach the sticker. The sticker
is in the back cover pocket of your quick
start guide. Make sure the entire sticker is
within the green zone between the two
arcs or distance markers on the diagram,
and is also visible in the rear view camera
display.

Once you have found the correct location,
place the sticker.

Note:

Make sure nothing can obstruct the

rear view camera's view of the sticker such
as a jack handle or wiring.

Note:

Position the sticker on a flat, dry and

clean horizontal surface. For best results,
apply the sticker when temperatures are
above 32°F (0°C).

Note:

Do not move stickers after placing

them. Do not re-use any stickers if removed.

Note:

You can purchase additional stickers

through your authorized dealer.

Note:

If you previously setup the trailer with

the trailer sensor, make sure it is not plugged
in before configuring the trailer and placing
the sticker.

TRAILER SENSOR INSTALLATION

E315959

E335221

Refer to the instructions included with your
trailer sensor for detailed information
regarding installation.

Note:

Make sure the arrows on the sensor

housing are facing up. Mount the sensor to
a vertical part of the trailer that pivots when
you turn your vehicle. Do not mount to a
stationary surface such as the truck side of
the trailer hitch.

400

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

If your vehicle came with a trailer

sensor kit, the vehicle will receive an update
that allows the system to operate with a
sensor or sticker. If your vehicle did not come
with a trailer sensor kit, your vehicle can be
setup using either method, but you need to
separately purchase the trailer sensor kit
from your authorized dealer. Once your
vehicle is enabled for sticker setup, the
default setup for new trailers requires
placement of the sticker. To setup a trailer
with a sensor, install the sensor on the trailer
and plug the connector into the connector
in your bumper prior to configuring the
trailer. Trailers that were set up with a
sensor still require the sensor to function.
To change a trailer to use the sticker, delete
the trailer in the system and repeat the
trailer setup with the sticker.

CALIBRATING THE SYSTEM

Calibrating the system requires driving
forward and turning left or right. Follow the
instructions on the touchscreen to
complete the calibration process.

E352329

Note:

To calibrate the system, you need an

area where you can safely drive forward and
turn left or right. An open parking lot is an
ideal place to perform the calibration.

Note:

Keep the steering wheel straight

when instructed to by the touchscreen. If
the steering wheel is in a turned position
during this instruction, the calibration
pauses.

Note:

During calibration, the system

determines the trailer length. The system
supports trailer lengths of 6–33 ft
(1.85–10.05 m) distance from the hitch
point to the center of the axle or axles. The
system is designed to work with drawbars
that have a license plate to hitch ball center
measurement of 9–18 in (23–46 cm) when
installed. Do not attempt to use drawbars
or trailers that have a length outside of this
range as the system performance degrades
and could cause improper system function.

Note:

The touchscreen shows if you are

going too slow or fast. Calibration pauses if
the speed is outside the required range of
2–9 mph (4–15 km/h).

Note:

You need to complete at least a 90°

turn, and longer trailers could require a 180°
turn. Camera trailer tracking requires the
system to locate the hitch ball as well as
determine the trailer length. Some trailers
could require you to drive straight then turn
multiple times before calibration completes.
The touchscreen provides instructions and
notifies you when calibration completes.

Note:

For best results, do not calibrate the

system at night when calibrating the system
with the sticker.

SWITCHING TRAILER
REVERSE GUIDANCE ON AND
OFF

Shift into reverse (R), press the rear
camera button to expand the menu, press
the trailer icon and use the touchscreen to
select the connected trailer.

401

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

Note:

If the trailer was connected just prior

to turning the system on, you may need to
drive forward to initialize the system. Follow
the instructions on the touchscreen to
activate the system.

USING TRAILER REVERSE
GUIDANCE VIEWS

Up to seven camera views could be
available when using trailer reverse
guidance. Use the view that helps you the
most when reversing your vehicle and
trailer.

E310996

360° camera view. Shows a
360° view on the right-hand side
of the touchscreen with a rear

camera view on the left-hand side of the
touchscreen.

E310967

Rear view camera view. Shows
your trailer hitch or what is
directly behind your vehicle.

E310995

Bed camera view. Shows the
truck bed.

Note:

This view also provides a

picture-in-picture view.

E311776

Trailer AUX camera view. Shows
a rear view camera image of
what is behind your trailer. You

need to separately purchase this camera
and have it installed.

Note:

This view also provides a

picture-in-picture view.

E310965

Trailer reverse guidance view.
Shows you a view of the sides of
your truck and the trailer. In auto

mode, this view moves as the trailer moves
so that you do not have to adjust the
camera as you turn. Left and right arrows
let you see other camera views.

E224484

Straight backup mode. Shows
which way to turn your steering
wheel to keep the trailer straight.

Use this view when you want to keep your
trailer completely in line with your truck.

Note:

This view also provides a

picture-in-picture view.

Note:

 It may be helpful to shift your vehicle

into drive (D), pull forward and straighten
out the vehicle and trailer before engaging
straight backup mode.

E351663

Picture-in-picture view. Shows
a main view and a secondary
view when in bed camera view,

trailer AUX camera view or straight backup
mode.

Note:

If you have a 8 in (20 cm)

touchscreen, picture-in-picture is off by
default. Press the picture-in-picture icon on
the touchscreen to switch picture-in-picture
view on and off.

Note:

If you have a 12 in (30 cm)

touchscreen, picture-in-picture is on by
default for bed camera view and trailer AUX
camera view and cannot be switched off.
Press the picture-in-picture icon on the
touchscreen to switch picture-in-picture
view on and off in straight backup mode.

E351662

Swap. Press to swap between
picture-in-picture views.

E224486

This takes you back to the 360°
camera system and out of the
trailer reverse guidance feature.

E315644

Auto. Press to return to auto
view.

Note:

Auto mode is the default setting.

402

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

Hitch Angle Graphic

E384785

The hitch angle graphic shows a small
representation of your truck and trailer with
visual feedback to help you monitor the
trailer. The graphic shows two different
colored lines for the trailer hitch angle. A
black line shows you where your trailer is
in relation to your vehicle. The white line
represents the amount the trailer can turn
based on steering wheel position.

The graphic shows a yellow and red zone
for the hitch angle to warn you of a high
angle condition that could require you to
pull forward to reduce the hitch angle. The
angle limits for each zone vary based on
the trailer length.

The yellow zone indicates you are
approaching the maximum controllable
trailer angle for the system. When the
trailer enters this zone, it is more difficult
to reduce the trailer turn when backing up.
It may be necessary to put your vehicle
back into drive (D) and pull forward to get
the truck and trailer back to an in-line
position.

The red zone indicates you have exceeded
the maximum controllable trailer angle for
the system. Immediately stop reversing.
Put your vehicle into drive (D) and pull
forward until the trailer is no longer in the
red zone.

E384786

1.

Projected line.

2. Dynamic warning zones.
3. Approaching point of no return zone.
4. Current trailer angle.
5. Projection bar.
6. Approaching trailer jackknife zone

403

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

TRAILER REVERSE GUIDANCE – TROUBLESHOOTING

TRAILER REVERSE GUIDANCE – INFORMATION MESSAGES

Description

Message

Displays when the system turns on and is
initializing.

Detecting Trailer Please Wait…

A condition exists that prevents the system
from turning on. If the message continues
to display, visit your authorized dealer to
have your vehicle checked.

Trailer Reverse Guidance System is Not
Available

The steering system needs to learn internal
parameters to fully enable the feature.
Drive your vehicle straight forward above
25 mph (40 km/h) for approximately 5
minutes.

Trailer Reverse Guidance Driving Required
to Initialize Steering Press OK to Exit

Displays when you exceed the maximum
controllable trailer angle for the system.
Place your vehicle in drive (D) and pull
forward to get your vehicle and trailer back
to an in-line position, then activate the
system by selecting the connected trailer
and following the instructions on the
touchscreen.

Stop now. Deactivated by trailer angle.

If this message consistently displays, you
may need to repeat the trailer setup and
calibration. Delete the trailer from the
system and repeat the setup and calibra-
tion process.

Displays when the system does not detect
the sensor. Check the sensor connection,
check that there is no damaged wiring
between the connector and sensor and
check that there is only one sensor
connected.

Trailer Reverse Guidance Sensor Not
Detected Refer to Owner's Manual Press
OK to Exit

If you do not want to use the sensor for this
trailer, delete the trailer in the touchscreen
then repeat the setup process with the
sticker.

404

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

Description

Message

Displays when the system does not detect
the trailer.
If your trailer is setup with a sticker, make
sure the rear camera is clean, and the
sticker is clearly visible in the camera image.
You can also move the trailer forward or
backward to change the trailer position and
lighting conditions.
If your trailer is setup with a sensor, check
that the sensor is correctly installed and
the trailer length is within the allowed
range.
If this message continues to display, visit
your authorized dealer to have your vehicle
checked.

Trailer Reverse Guidance Trailer Not
Detected. Refer to Owner's Manual. Press
OK to Exit

Displays when your vehicle has not moved
after the trailer sensor is connected or
extended operation below 1 mph (1 km/h).
Drive forward above 2 mph (3 km/h) to
initialize the system.

Trailer Reverse Guidance Trailer Not
Detected Pull Forward to Initialize Press
OK to Exit

405

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

TRAILER REVERSE GUIDANCE –
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Why does the trailer not reverse
straight?

Verify the sensor is correctly installed.
Other factors such as the hitch
connection, road camber, road slope
and trailer suspension could influence
how straight the system can reverse
the trailer when the control knob is not
turned. You can compensate for the
trailer drifting to the right or left by
slowly turning the knob until the trailer
is following your desired path and then
holding the knob in that position.

Why does the system not detect a
sensor?

There could be an issue with the
connection, the wiring harness could
be damaged, you could have multiple
sensors connected or the sensor could
be incorrectly installed. Check that the
12-way connector is fully inserted into
the 12-way socket. The red rubber seal
is not visible when the connector is
fully inserted. Also check that the
wiring harness sensor connection is
fully inserted at the trailer sensor, and
check for damaged wiring between
the 12-way connector and the trailer
sensor. Also, check that the sensor is
installed on a vertical surface with the
arrows pointing straight up.

What does it mean if the system
remains on one message for an
extended time during calibration when
setting up the system with the sticker?

The camera could need to be cleaned,
the sticker could be blocked, the
drawbar could be outside the allowed
range of 4–19 in (10–48 cm) or you
could need to move to a different area
to change the lighting and background.
Verify the sticker is in the proper
location.  See 

Applying the Trailer

Reverse Aid Sticker

 (page 400).  You

can move to a different area or change
the direction you are driving or setup
the system at a different time of day.
Some trailers are not compatible with
the sticker and camera system. If the
issue persists with the sticker setup,
you may choose to setup the trailer
with a sensor.

What does it mean if the system pauses
during calibration?

There could be steering input or trailer
movement during the straight drive
portion of the calibration process.

What does it mean if the system
remains on one message for an
extended time during calibration when
setting up the system with the sensor?

The sensor could be incorrectly
installed, the trailer length could be
outside the allowed range or the road
surface could be too rough or bumpy.

What does it mean if the system
displays hold steering steady during
turn?

Part of the calibration process for the
sticker setup requires a steady turn. If
you are continually moving the
steering wheel during the turn, this
delays the calibration process. To
enable the calibration process, hold
the steering wheel at the same
position when turning.

406

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

What does it mean if the system
displays that it is not available?

There could be a sub-system that the
system uses that is not correctly
operating or there could be a battery
voltage issue. If the system continues
to display it is not available, visit your
authorized dealer to have your vehicle
checked.

What does it mean if the system
displays that driving is required to
initialize steering?

The steering system needs to learn
internal parameters to fully turn on the
feature. Drive your vehicle straight
forward above 25 mph (40 km/h) for
approximately 5 minutes. This could
also occur when your vehicle is new,
there is a battery voltage issue or if the
steering system has been serviced.

What does it mean if the system does
not detect a trailer when configured
with a sensor?

Verify that the sensor is properly
connected.  See 

Trailer Sensor

Installation

 (page 400).  Repeat

calibration on a different route if you
have verified sensor installation.

What does it mean if the system
requires you to pull forward to
initialize?

This occurs when the vehicle has not
moved during the current key cycle
after you connect and select the trailer
in the touchscreen or you operate the
system at speeds below 1 mph
(1 km/h) for an extended period of
time. Drive forward above 2 mph
(3 km/h) and the system indicates
when it initializes.

What does it mean if the trailer is at its
maximum angle or the system
deactivated by trailer angle?

You are at the maximum controllable
trailer angle for the system. Place your
vehicle in drive (D) and pull forward to
get the truck and trailer back to an
in-line position. If this message
consistently displays, this could
indicate the sensor is incorrectly
installed, the trailer needs to be
recalibrated or the drawbar or the
trailer dimensions are outside of the
supported range. The system is
designed to work with drawbars that
have a license plate to hitch ball center
measurement of 9–18 in (23–46 cm)
when installed. The system is designed
to work with trailers that have a hitch
point to center of the axle or axles
measurement of 6–33 ft
(1.85–10.05 m). Do not attempt to use
drawbars or trailers that have a length
outside of this range as the system
performance degrades and could
cause improper system function.
Check that the correct trailer is
selected in the touchscreen. Verify the
sensor is installed according to the
instructions included in the sensor kit
and check that the drawbar and the
trailer dimensions are within the
allowed range. Then, delete the trailer
from the system and repeat the setup
process to calibrate the trailer.

407

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

What does it mean when the system
tells you to take control of the steering
wheel?

The system is no longer steering the
vehicle and you must take over
steering. There are four reasons the
system could display this message.
The first reason the system could
display this message is that you have
touched the steering wheel when the
system is steering. The second reason
the system could display this message
is that you have exceeded the
maximum speed for the feature. The
third reason the system could display
this message is that the trailer is not
detected. The final reason the system
could display this message is that an
internal condition for system operation
is not met that requires your vehicle to
return to manual control of the
steering.

How do I use a sticker if I have
previously setup a trailer with the
sensor?

Disconnect the sensor wiring and add
a new trailer to the system and follow
the instructions for setup with a
sticker.  See 

Applying the Trailer

Reverse Aid Sticker

 (page 400).  If

your vehicle does not support the
sticker option, the touchscreen
instructs you to install the sensor
again.

What if I want to use a sensor for the
trailer instead of a sticker?

Install the sensor and connect the
sensor wiring before adding the new
trailer to the system. You must
connect the sensor before you add the
trailer. If your vehicle did not come with
a sensor, you can purchase one from
your authorized dealer.

What does it mean if the system does
not detect a trailer that is setup with a
sticker?

The system requires a clear view of the
sticker placed on the trailer. You must
keep the camera lens and sticker clean
for the system to correctly operate. If
the system cannot initially detect the
trailer, it could be necessary for you to
change the lighting conditions by
moving your vehicle and trailer or
waiting until the conditions change.
See 

Applying the Trailer Reverse

Aid Sticker

 (page 400).  Some trailers

are not compatible with the sticker
and camera system. If the system
consistently does not detect the trailer
with the sticker setup, you may choose
to setup the trailer with a sensor.

Note:

The system is designed to be used

with the same trailer connection every time
you choose the trailer from the touchscreen.
When using a different drawbar or a
different pin hole on drawbars with more
than one, connecting the drawbar to your
vehicle affects the trailer position and you
may need to repeat the trailer setup and
calibration process.

408

Trailer Reverse Guidance

 (If Equipped)

BASIC OFF-ROAD DRIVING
TECHNIQUES

Off-road Driving Hints

Before taking your vehicle off-roading,
perform a basic inspection to make sure
your vehicle is in good working condition.

We recommend that you always use at
least two vehicles while off-roading. The
buddy system helps make sure that help
is close at hand should a vehicle become
stuck or damaged. It is also wise to take
supplies such as a first aid kit, water, tow
strap, cell phone with you.

The following are hints for safe off-road
driving:

Steer, brake and accelerate in a
smooth controlled manner. Avoid jerky,
unsteady movements.

Look ahead on your route noting
upcoming obstacles, or any other
factors that may indicate a change in
available traction and adjust the
vehicle speed and route accordingly.

If the front or rear suspension is
bottoming out, or you encounter
excessive contact with the skid-plates,
reduce the vehicle speed to avoid
potential damage to your vehicle.

We recommend that you use vehicle
communication, such as, turn signals,
brake lights, and hazard flashers to
alert other drivers of what you intend
to do next, and of obstacles that could
cause potential vehicle damage.

Always keep available ground
clearance in mind and pick a route that
minimizes the risk of catching the
underside of the vehicle on an obstacle.

When negotiating low speed obstacles,
applying light brake pressure in
conjunction with the throttle helps
prevent your vehicle from jerking and
allows you to negotiate the obstacle
in a more controlled manner. Using
four-wheel drive low (4L) will also help
with this.

Crossing Obstacles

Review the path ahead before
attempting to cross an obstacle. It is
best if you view the obstacle from
outside your vehicle so that you have
a good understanding of terrain
conditions both in front of and behind
the obstacle.

Approach obstacles slowly.

If you cannot avoid a large obstacle
such as a rock, choose a path that
places the rock directly under the tire
rather than the undercarriage of your
vehicle. This helps prevent damage to
your vehicle.

Cross ditches and washouts at a 45°
angle, allowing each wheel to
independently cross the obstacle.

Climbing A Hill

WARNING: 

Extreme care should

be used when steering the vehicle in
reverse down a slope so as not to cause
the vehicle to swerve out of control.

Do not drive over the crest of a hill without
seeing what conditions are on the other
side. Do not drive in reverse over a hill
without the aid of an observer.

409

Off-Road Driving

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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