Ford Ranger (2022 year). Manual in english

Replacing the High Beam Headlamp
Bulb

E284569

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. With the hood open, locate and

carefully remove the cover.

3. Disconnect the electrical connector.

4. Turn the bulb counterclockwise and

remove it.

5. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Replacing the Low Beam Headlamp
Bulb

E284581

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. With the hood open, locate and

carefully remove the cover.

3. Disconnect the electrical connector.

4. Turn the bulb counterclockwise and

remove it.

5. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Replacing the Front Park and Direction
Indicator Bulb

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. Turn the bulb holder counterclockwise

and remove it.

3. Remove the bulb by pulling it straight

out.

4. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Replacing LED Headlamp Bulbs

All bulbs in this assembly except for the
direction indicator bulb are LED. If an LED
fails have your vehicle checked as soon as
possible. Contact an authorized dealer.

Front Side Marker Bulb

E301637

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. Remove the lamp from the wheel lip

molding by releasing the clip.

3. Turn the bulb holder counterclockwise

and remove it.

4. Remove the bulb by pulling it straight

out.

5. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

279

Maintenance

Approach Lamp and Side Direction
Indicator

(If Equipped)

E133683

Side direction indicator.

Approach lamp.

If an LED fails have your vehicle checked
as soon as possible. Contact an authorized
dealer.

Front Fog Lamps

E284974

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. To access the bulb, reach behind the

bumper.

3. Disconnect the electrical connector.

4. Turn the bulb counterclockwise and

remove it.

5. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Note:

You cannot separate the bulb from

the bulb holder.

Replacing LED Fog Lamp Bulbs

(If

Equipped)

If an LED fails have your vehicle checked
as soon as possible. Contact an authorized
dealer.

Rear Lamps

Type 1

Tail, Brake, Reversing, and Direction
Indicator

E284588

280

Maintenance

E284593

Brake and rear park bulb.

Rear direction indicator bulb.

Reverse lamp bulb.

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. Open the tailgate to access the rear

lamp assemblies.

3. Remove the two bolts from the tail

lamp assembly. Then, carefully pull the
lamp assembly from the tailgate pillar
by releasing the two retaining tabs.

4. Turn the bulb holder counterclockwise

and remove it.

5. Remove the bulb by pulling it straight

out.

6. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Replacing LED Brake, Rear, Direction
Indicator and Reverse Lamp Bulbs

If an LED fails have your vehicle checked
as soon as possible. Contact an authorized
dealer.

Type 2

Tail, Brake, Reversing Lamp and
Direction Indicator

E284955

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. Undo the screws to remove the outer

lens and access the bulbs.

3. Remove the bulb by pulling it straight

out.

4. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

281

Maintenance

License Plate Lamp

E133686

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. Use a screwdriver to carefully remove

the lamp from the rear bumper.

3. Turn the bulb holder counterclockwise

and remove it.

4. Remove the bulb by pulling it straight

out.

5. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Central High Mounted Brake Lamp

E187290

Make sure the lamps are off.

2. Remove the four screws and move the

lamp assembly away from the vehicle
to expose the bulb sockets.

3. Remove the bulb socket by rotating it

counterclockwise and pulling it out of
the lamp assembly.

4. Pull the bulb straight out of the socket.

5. Install the new bulb in reverse order.

Replacing LED Cargo Lamp and
High-mount Brake Lamp Bulbs

If an LED fails have your vehicle checked
as soon as possible. Contact an authorized
dealer.

282

Maintenance

GENERAL INFORMATION

Your dealer has many quality products
available to clean your vehicle and protect
its finishes.

CLEANING PRODUCTS

Materials

For best results, use the following products
or products of equivalent quality:

For additional information and assistance,
we recommend that you contact an
authorized dealer.

Specification

Name

Motorcraft® Bug and Tar Remover, ZC-42 (U.S. & Canada)

ESR-M5B194-B

Motorcraft® Custom Bright Metal Cleaner, ZC-15 (U.S. & Canada)

ESR-M14P4-A

Motorcraft® Detail Wash, ZC-3-A (U.S. & Canada)

ESR-M14P3-A

Motorcraft® Engine Shampoo and Degreaser, ZC-20 (U.S.)

Motorcraft® Engine Shampoo, CXC-66-A (Canada)

Motorcraft® Premium Leather and Vinyl Cleaner, ZC-56 (U.S. &
Canada)

Motorcraft® Multi-Purpose Cleaner, CXC-101 (Canada)

WSS-M14P19-A

Motorcraft® Premium Windshield Wash Concentrate with
Bitterant, ZC-32-B2 (U.S.)

WSS-M14P19-A

Motorcraft® Premium Quality Windshield Washer Fluid, CXC-37-
F/M (Canada)

Motorcraft® Professional Strength Carpet & Upholstery Cleaner,
ZC-54 (U.S. & Canada)

ESR-M14P5-A

Motorcraft® Premium Glass Cleaner, CXC-100 (Canada)

Motorcraft® Spot and Stain Remover, ZC-14 (U.S.)

ESR-M14P5-A

Motorcraft® Ultra-Clear Spray Glass Cleaner, ZC-23 (U.S.)

Motorcraft® Wheel and Tire Cleaner, ZC-37-A (U.S. & Canada)

283

Vehicle Care

CLEANING THE EXTERIOR

Wash your vehicle regularly with cool or
lukewarm water and a neutral pH
shampoo, we recommend Motorcraft
Detail Wash.

•

Never use strong household detergents
or soap, for example dish washing or
laundry liquid. These products can
discolor and spot painted surfaces.

•

Never wash your vehicle when it is hot
to the touch, or during strong or direct
sunlight.

•

Dry your vehicle with a chamois or soft
terry cloth towel to eliminate water
spotting.

•

Immediately remove fuel spillages, bird
droppings, insect deposits and road tar.
These may cause damage to your
vehicle’s paintwork or trim over time.
We recommend Motorcraft Bug and
Tar Remover.

•

Remove any exterior accessories, for
example antennas, before entering a
car wash.

•

When filling with AdBlue®, remove any
residue on painted surfaces
immediately.

Note:

Suntan lotions and insect repellents

can damage painted surfaces. If these
substances come in contact with your
vehicle, wash the affected area as soon as
possible.

Cleaning the Exterior Precautions

Immediately remove fuel spillages, AdBlue
residuals, bird droppings, insect deposits
and road tar. These may cause damage to
your vehicle’s paintwork or trim over time.

Remove any exterior accessories, for
example antennas, before entering a car
wash.

Cleaning the Exterior Lamps

Note:

Do not scrape the exterior lamps

lenses or use abrasives, alcoholic solvents
or chemical solvents to clean them.

Note:

Do not wipe the exterior lamps when

they are dry.

Exterior Chrome Parts

•

Apply a high quality-cleaning product
to bumpers and other chrome parts.
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
We recommend Motorcraft Custom
Bright Metal Cleaner.

•

Do not apply the cleaning product to
hot surfaces. Do not leave the cleaning
product on chrome surfaces longer
than the time recommended.

•

Using non-recommended cleaners can
result in severe and permanent
cosmetic damage.

Note:

Never use abrasive materials, for

example steel wool or plastic pads as they
can scratch the chrome surface.

Note:

Do not use chrome cleaner, metal

cleaner or polish on wheels or wheel covers.

Exterior Plastic Parts

For routine cleaning we recommend
Motorcraft Detail Wash. If tar or grease
spots are present, we recommend
Motorcraft Bug and Tar Remover.

Stripes or Graphics

(If Equipped)

Hand washing your vehicle is preferred
however, pressure washing may be used
under the following conditions:

•

Do not use water pressure higher than
2,000 psi (14,000 kPa).

•

Do not use water hotter than 179°F
(82°C).

284

Vehicle Care

•

Use a spray with a 40 degree wide
spray angle pattern.

•

Keep the nozzle at a 12 in (305 mm)
distance and 90 degree angle to your
vehicle's surface.

Note:

Holding the pressure washer nozzle

at an angle to the vehicle's surface may
damage graphics and cause the edges to
peel away from the vehicle's surface.

Underbody

Regularly clean the underside of your
vehicle using water. Keep body and door
drain holes free of debris or foreign
material.

Under Hood

For removing black rubber marks from
under the hood we recommend Motorcraft
Wheel and Tire Cleaner or Motorcraft Bug
and Tar Remover.

WAXING

Regular waxing is necessary to protect your
car's paint from the elements. We
recommend that you wash and wax the
painted surface once or twice a year.

When washing and waxing, park your
vehicle in a shaded area out of direct
sunlight. Always wash your vehicle before
applying wax.

•

Use a quality wax that does not contain
abrasives.

•

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions
to apply and remove the wax.

•

Apply a small amount of wax in a
back-and-forth motion, not in circles.

•

Do not allow wax to come in contact
with any non-body (low-gloss black)
colored trim. The wax will discolor or
stain the parts over time.
•

Roof racks.

•

Bumpers.

•

Grained door handles.

•

Side moldings.

•

Mirror housings.

•

Windshield cowl area.

•

Do not apply wax to glass areas.

•

After waxing, your car's paint should
feel smooth, and be free of streaks and
smudges.

CLEANING THE ENGINE

Engines are more efficient when they are
clean because grease and dirt buildup keep
the engine warmer than normal.

When washing:
•

Take care when using a power washer
to clean the engine. The high-pressure
fluid could penetrate the sealed parts
and cause damage.

•

Do not spray a hot engine with cold
water to avoid cracking the engine
block or other engine components.

•

Spray Motorcraft Engine Shampoo and
Degreaser on all parts that require
cleaning and pressure rinse clean. In
Canada, use Motorcraft Engine
Shampoo.

Note:

If your vehicle has an engine cover

remove the cover before application of
Motorcraft Engine Shampoo and Degreaser.
Immediately rinse away any over spray.

285

Vehicle Care

•

Never wash or rinse the engine while it
is hot or running; water in the running
engine may cause internal damage.

•

Never wash or rinse any ignition coil,
spark plug wire or spark plug well, or
the area in and around these locations.

•

Cover the battery, power distribution
box, and air filter assembly to prevent
water damage when cleaning the
engine.

CLEANING THE WINDOWS AND
WIPER BLADES

Car wash chemicals and environmental
fallout can result in windshield and wiper
blade contamination. Dirty windshield and
wipers will result in poor windshield wiper
operation. Keep the windshield and wiper
blades clean to maintain windshield wiper
performance.

To clean the windshield and wiper blades:
•

Clean the windshield with a
non-abrasive glass cleaner. When
cleaning the interior of the windshield,
avoid getting any glass cleaner on the
instrument panel or door panels. Wipe
any glass cleaner off these surfaces
immediately.

•

For windshields contaminated with
tree sap, chemicals, wax or bugs, clean
the entire windshield using steel wool
(no greater than 0000 grade) in a
circular motion and rinse with water.

•

Clean the wiper blades with isopropyl
rubbing alcohol or windshield washer
concentrate.

Note:

Do not use razor blades or other

sharp objects to clean or remove decals
from the inside of the heated rear window.
The vehicle warranty does not cover
damage caused to the heated rear window
grid lines.

CLEANING THE INTERIOR

WARNING:

Do not use cleaning

solvents, bleach or dye on the vehicle's
seatbelts, as these actions may weaken
the belt webbing.

WARNING:

On vehicles equipped

with seat-mounted airbags, do not use
chemical solvents or strong detergents.
Such products could contaminate the
side airbag system and affect
performance of the side airbag in a crash.

For fabric, carpets, cloth seats and seats
equipped with side airbags:
•

Remove dust and loose dirt with a
vacuum cleaner.

•

Remove light stains and soil with
Motorcraft Professional Strength
Carpet & Upholstery Cleaner.

•

If grease or tar is present on the
material, spot-clean the area first with
Motorcraft Spot and Stain Remover. In
Canada, use Motorcraft Multi-Purpose
Cleaner.

•

If a ring forms on the fabric after spot
cleaning, clean the entire area
immediately (but do not oversaturate)
or the ring will set.

•

Do not use household cleaning
products or glass cleaners, which can
stain and discolor the fabric and affect
the flame retardant abilities of the seat
materials.

Mirrors

Do not clean the housing or glass of any
mirror with harsh abrasives, fuel or other
petroleum or ammonia-based cleaning
products.

286

Vehicle Care

CLEANING THE INSTRUMENT
PANEL AND INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER LENS

WARNING:

Do not use chemical

solvents or strong detergents when
cleaning the steering wheel or
instrument panel to avoid contamination
of the airbag system.

Note:

Follow the same procedure as

cleaning leather seats for cleaning leather
instrument panels and leather interior trim
surfaces. See

Cleaning Leather Seats

(page 287).

Clean the instrument panel and cluster
lens with a clean, damp and soft cloth,
then use a clean, dry and soft cloth to dry
these areas.

•

Avoid cleaners or polishes that increase
the gloss of the upper portion of the
instrument panel. The dull finish in this
area helps protect you from
undesirable windshield reflection.

•

Do not use any household cleaning
products or glass cleaners as these
may damage the finish of the
instrument panel, interior trim and
cluster lens.

•

Wash or wipe your hands clean if you
have been in contact with certain
products such as insect repellent and
suntan lotion to avoid possible damage
to the interior painted surfaces.

•

Do not allow air fresheners and hand
sanitizers to spill onto interior surfaces.
If a spill occurs, wipe off immediately.
Your warranty may not cover these
damages.

If a staining liquid like coffee or juice has
been spilled on the instrument panel or on
interior trim surfaces:

Wipe up spilled liquid using a clean,
soft cloth as quickly as possible.

2. Use Motorcraft Premium Leather and

Vinyl Cleaner or a commercially
available leather cleaning product for
automotive interiors. Test any cleaner
or stain remover on an inconspicuous
area.

3. Alternatively, wipe the surface with a

clean, soft cloth and a mild soap and
water solution. Dry the area with a
clean, soft cloth.

4. If necessary, apply more soap and

water solution or cleaning product to
a clean, soft cloth and press it onto the
soiled area. Allow this to set at room
temperature for 30 minutes.

5. Remove the soaked cloth, then with a

clean, damp cloth, use a rubbing
motion for 60 seconds on the soiled
area.

6. Dry the area with a clean, soft cloth.

CLEANING LEATHER SEATS

Note:

Follow the same procedure as

cleaning leather seats for cleaning leather
instrument panels and leather interior trim
surfaces.

For routine cleaning, wipe the surface with
a soft, damp cloth and a mild soap and
water solution. Dry the area with a clean,
soft cloth.

For cleaning and removing stains such as
dye transfer, use Motorcraft Premium
Leather and Vinyl Cleaner or a
commercially available leather cleaning
product for automotive interiors.

Note:

Test any cleaner or stain remover on

an inconspicuous area.

287

Vehicle Care

You should:
•

Remove dust and loose dirt with a
vacuum cleaner.

•

Clean and treat spills and stains as
soon as possible.

Do not use the following products as these
may damage the leather:
•

Oil and petroleum or silicone-based
leather conditioners.

•

Household cleaners.

•

Alcohol solutions.

•

Solvents or cleaners intended
specifically for rubber, vinyl and
plastics.

REPAIRING MINOR PAINT
DAMAGE

Authorized dealers have touch-up paint to
match your vehicle’s color. Your vehicle
color code is printed on a sticker on the
front, left-hand side door jamb. Take your
color code to your authorized dealer to
make sure you get the correct color.

Before repairing minor paint damage, use
a cleaner to remove particles such as bird
droppings, tree sap, insect deposits, tar
spots, road salt and industrial fallout.

Read the instructions before using cleaning
products.

CLEANING THE WHEELS

Regularly clean them with a wheel
cleaner. We recommend that you use
Ford approved wheel cleaner if
available.

2. Remove dirt and brake dust with a

sponge.

3. Remove tar and grease with a bug and

tar remover. We recommend that you
use Ford approved bug and tar remover
if available.

4. Thoroughly rinse the wheels with water

after cleaning.

If you intend on parking your vehicle for an
extended period after cleaning the wheels
with a wheel cleaner, drive your vehicle for
a few minutes before doing so. This
reduces the risk of corrosion of the brake
discs, brake pads and linings.

Do not clean the wheels when they are hot.

Note:

Some car washes could damage

wheel rims and covers.

Note:

Using non-recommended cleaners,

harsh cleaning products, chrome wheel
cleaners or abrasive materials could
damage wheel rims and covers.

VEHICLE STORAGE

If you plan on storing your vehicle for 30
days or more, read the following
maintenance recommendations to make
sure your vehicle stays in good operating
condition.

We engineer and test all motor vehicles
and their components for reliable, regular
driving. Under various conditions,
long-term storage may lead to degraded
engine performance or failure unless you
use specific precautions to preserve engine
components.

General

•

Store all vehicles in a dry, ventilated
place.

•

Protect from sunlight, if possible.

•

If vehicles are stored outside, they
require regular maintenance to protect
against rust and damage.

288

Vehicle Care

Body

•

Wash your vehicle thoroughly to
remove dirt, grease, oil, tar or mud from
exterior surfaces, rear-wheel housing
and the underside of front fenders.

•

Periodically wash your vehicle if it is
stored in exposed locations.

•

Touch-up exposed or primed metal to
prevent rust.

•

Cover chrome and stainless steel parts
with a thick coat of auto wax to prevent
discoloration. Re-wax as necessary
when you wash your vehicle.

•

Lubricate all hood, door and luggage
compartment hinges and latches with
a light grade oil.

•

Cover interior trim to prevent fading.

•

Keep all rubber parts free from oil and
solvents.

Engine

•

Change the engine oil and filter prior to
storage because used engine oil
contains contaminates which may
cause engine damage.

•

Start the engine every 15 days for a
minimum of 15 minutes. Run at fast
idle with the climate controls set to
defrost until the engine reaches normal
operating temperature.

•

With your foot on the brake, shift
through all the gears while the engine
is running.

•

We recommend that you change the
engine oil before you use your vehicle
again.

Fuel system

•

Fill the fuel tank with high-quality fuel
until the first automatic shutoff of the
fuel pump nozzle.

Cooling system

•

Protect against freezing temperatures.

•

When removing your vehicle from
storage, check coolant fluid level.
Confirm that there are no cooling
system leaks and that fluid is at the
recommended level.

Disconnecting Your 12 Volt Battery

•

Check and recharge as necessary. Keep
connections clean.

•

If storing your vehicle for more than 30
days without recharging the battery,
we recommend that you disconnect
the battery cables to maintain battery
charge for quick starting.

Note:

It is necessary to reset memory

features if you disconnect the battery
cables.

Brakes

•

Make sure the brakes and parking brake
release fully.

Tires

•

Maintain recommended air pressure.

Miscellaneous

•

Make sure all linkages, cables, levers
and pins under your vehicle are covered
with grease to prevent rust.

•

Move vehicles at least 25 ft (7.5 m)
every 15 days to lubricate working parts
and prevent corrosion.

289

Vehicle Care

Removing Vehicle From Storage

When your vehicle is ready to come out of
storage, do the following:
•

Wash your vehicle to remove any dirt
or grease film build-up on window
surfaces.

•

Check windshield wipers for any
deterioration.

•

Check under the hood for any foreign
material that may have collected
during storage such as mice or squirrel
nests.

•

Check the exhaust for any foreign
material that may have collected
during storage.

•

Check tire pressures and set tire
inflation per the Tire Label.

•

Check brake pedal operation. Drive
your vehicle 15 ft (4.5 m) back and
forth to remove rust build-up.

•

Check fluid levels (including coolant,
oil and gas) to make sure there are no
leaks, and fluids are at recommended
levels.

•

If you remove the battery, clean the
battery cable ends and check for
damage.

Contact an authorized dealer if you have
any concerns or issues.

290

Vehicle Care

GENERAL INFORMATION

Notice to utility vehicle and truck
owners

WARNING:

Utility vehicles have a

significantly higher rollover rate than
other types of vehicles.

WARNING:

Vehicles with a higher

center of gravity (utility and four-wheel
drive vehicles) handle differently than
vehicles with a lower center of gravity
(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,
excessive speed and abrupt steering in
these vehicles. Failure to drive cautiously
increases the risk of losing control of your
vehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injury
and death.

WARNING:

In a rollover crash, an

unbelted person is significantly more
likely to die than a person wearing a
seatbelt.

WARNING:

Do not become

overconfident in the ability of four-wheel
drive vehicles. Although a four-wheel
drive vehicle may accelerate better than
a two-wheel drive vehicle in low traction
situations, it won't stop any faster than
two-wheel drive vehicles. Always drive
at a safe speed.

Utility vehicles and trucks handle
differently than passenger cars in the
various driving conditions that are
encountered on streets, highways and
off-road. Utility vehicles and trucks are not
designed for cornering at speeds as high
as passenger cars any more than low-slung
sports cars are designed to perform
satisfactorily under off-road conditions.

Study your owner's manual and any
supplements for specific information about
equipment features, instructions for safe
driving and additional precautions to
reduce the risk of an accident or serious
injury.

Four-wheel drive system

(If Equipped)

A vehicle equipped with four-wheel drive
(when selected) has the ability to use all
four wheels to power itself. This increases
traction which could enable you to safely
drive over terrain and road conditions that
a conventional two-wheel drive vehicle
cannot.

On some four-wheel drive models, the
initial shift from two-wheel drive to
four-wheel drive while the vehicle is
moving can cause a momentary clunk and
ratcheting sound. These sounds are normal
as the front drivetrain comes up to speed
and are not cause for concern.

Note:

In four-wheel drive vehicles, the size

of the spare tire relative to the remaining
tires can have an effect on the 4x4 system's
ability to engage and disengage.

Operating 4WD Vehicles with a
Spare tire or Mismatched Tires

On four-wheel drive vehicles, the size of
the spare tire can affect the 4X4 system.
If there is a significant difference between
the size of the spare tire and the remaining
tires, the four-wheel drive functionality will
be limited.

When driving with the full-size dissimilar
spare wheel and tire assembly, we
recommend that you do not:

•

Exceed 50 mph (80 km/h) with 4WD
mode turned on.

•

Turn on a 4WD mode unless the
vehicle is stationary.

•

Use 4WD mode on dry pavement.

291

Wheels and Tires

When driving with the full-size dissimilar
spare wheel and tire assembly, 4WD
functionality could be limited, especially
when driving in a mechanically locked 4WD
mode. You could experience the following:

•

Additional noise from the transfer case
or other drive components.

•

Difficulty shifting out of a mechanically
locked 4WD mode.

Use of a dissimilar spare wheel and tire
assembly could lead to impairment of the
following:

•

Comfort and noise.

•

Winter weather driving capability.

•

Wet driving capability.

•

Four-wheel drive capability.

How your vehicle differs from
other vehicles

Sport utility vehicles and trucks can differ
from some other vehicles in a few
noticeable ways. Your vehicle could be:

•

Higher - to allow higher load carrying
capacity and to allow it to travel over
rough terrain without damaging
underbody components.

•

Shorter - to give it the capability to
approach inclines and drive over the
crest of a hill without damaging
underbody components. All other
things held equal, a shorter wheelbase
could make your vehicle quicker to
respond to steering inputs than a
vehicle with a longer wheelbase.

•

Narrower - to provide greater
maneuverability in tight spaces,
particularly in off-road use.

As a result of the above dimensional
differences, Sport utility vehicles and
trucks often will have a higher center of
gravity and a greater difference in center
of gravity between the loaded and
unloaded condition. These differences that
make your vehicle so versatile also make
it handle differently than an ordinary
passenger car.

TIRE CARE

Information About Uniform
Tire Quality Grading

E142542

Tire Quality Grades apply to new
pneumatic passenger car tires.
The Quality grades can be found
where applicable on the tire
sidewall between tread shoulder
and maximum section width. For
example:

Treadwear 200

Traction AA Temperature A

These Tire Quality Grades are
determined by standards that the
United States Department of
Transportation has set.

292

Wheels and Tires

Tire Quality Grades apply to new
pneumatic passenger car tires.
They do not apply to deep tread,
winter-type snow tires,
space-saver or temporary use
spare tires, light truck or LT type
tires, tires with nominal rim
diameters of 10 to 12 inches or
limited production tires as defined
in Title 49 Code of Federal
Regulations Part 575.104 (c)(2).

U.S. Department of
Transportation Tire quality
grades:

The U.S. Department of

Transportation requires us to give
you the following information
about tire grades exactly as the
government has written it.

Treadwear

The treadwear grade is a
comparative rating based on the
wear rate of the tire when tested
under controlled conditions on a
specified government test course.
For example, a tire graded 150
would wear one and one-half (1
½) times as well on the
government course as a tire
graded 100. The relative
performance of tires depends
upon the actual conditions of their
use, however, and could depart
significantly from the norm due to
variations in driving habits, service
practices, and differences in road
characteristics and climate.

Traction AA A B C

WARNING:

The traction

grade assigned to this tire is
based on straight-ahead braking
traction tests, and does not
include acceleration, cornering,
hydroplaning or peak traction
characteristics.

The traction grades, from highest

to lowest are AA, A, B, and C. The
grades represent the tire’s ability
to stop on wet pavement as
measured under controlled
conditions on specified
government test surfaces of
asphalt and concrete. A tire
marked C could have poor traction
performance.

Temperature A B C

WARNING:

The

temperature grade for this tire is
established for a tire that is
properly inflated and not
overloaded. Excessive speed,
underinflation, or excessive
loading, either separately or in
combination, can cause heat
buildup and possible tire failure.

The temperature grades are A
(the highest), B and C,
representing the tire’s resistance
to the generation of heat and its
ability to dissipate heat when
tested under controlled conditions
on a specified indoor laboratory

293

Wheels and Tires

test wheel. Sustained high
temperature can cause the
material of the tire to degenerate
and reduce tire life, and excessive
temperature can lead to sudden
tire failure. The grade C
corresponds to a level of
performance which all passenger
car tires must meet under the
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety
Standard No. 139. Grades B and A
represent higher levels of
performance on the laboratory
test wheel than the minimum
required by law.

Glossary of Tire Terminology

Tire label:

A label showing the

original equipment tire sizes,
recommended inflation pressure
and the maximum weight the
vehicle can carry.

Tire Identification Number

(TIN):

A number on the sidewall

of each tire providing information
about the tire brand and
manufacturing plant, tire size and
date of manufacture. Also referred
to as DOT code.

Inflation pressure:

A measure

of the amount of air in a tire.

Standard load:

A class of

P-metric or Metric tires designed
to carry a maximum load at set
pressure. For example: For
P-Metric tires 35 psi (2.4 bar) and
for Metric 36 psi (2.5 bar).
Increasing the inflation pressure
beyond this pressure will not
increase the tire’s load carrying
capability.

Extra load:

A class of P-metric

or Metric tires designed to carry a
heavier maximum load at 42 psi
(2.9 bar). Increasing the inflation
pressure beyond this pressure will
not increase the tire’s load
carrying capability.

kPa:

Kilopascal, a metric unit of

air pressure.

PSI:

Pounds per square inch, a

standard unit of air pressure.

Cold tire pressure:

The tire

pressure when the vehicle has
been stationary and out of direct
sunlight for an hour or more and
prior to the vehicle being driven for
1 mile (1.6 kilometers).

Recommended inflation

pressure:

The cold inflation

pressure found on the Safety
Compliance Certification Label
(affixed to either the door hinge
pillar, door-latch post, or the door
edge that meets the door-latch
post, next to the driver's seating
position), or Tire Label located on
the B-pillar or the edge of the
driver's door.

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Wheels and Tires

Ford Ranger (2022 year). Manual in english - page 18