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DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE The results of a cylinder compression pressure test can be utilized to diagnose several engine malfunctions. Ensure the battery is completely charged and the engine starter motor is in good operating condition. Otherwise the 1. Clean the spark plug recesses with compressed air. 2. Remove the spark plugs. 3. Disable the fuel system (Refer to 14 - FUEL SYSTEM/FUEL DELIVERY - DESCRIPTION). 4. Remove the ASD relay (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/IGNITION CONTROL/AUTO SHUT DOWN RELAY - REMOVAL). 5. Insert a compression pressure gauge and rotate the engine with the engine starter motor for three revolutions. 6. Record the compression pressure on the 3rd revolution. Continue the test for the remaining cylinders. 7. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - SPECIFICATIONS) for the correct engine compression pressures. DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - CYLINDER COMBUSTION PRESSURE LEAKAGE The combustion pressure leakage test provides an accurate means for determining engine condition. Combustion pressure leakage testing will detect: • Exhaust and intake valve leaks (improper seating). • Leaks between adjacent cylinders or into water jacket. • Any causes for combustion/compression pressure loss. 1. Check the coolant level and fill as required. DO NOT install the radiator cap. 2. Start and operate the engine until it attains normal operating temperature, then turn the engine OFF. 3. Remove the spark plugs. 4. Remove the oil filler cap. 5. Remove the air cleaner hose. 6. Calibrate the tester according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The shop air source for testing should maintain 483 kPa (70 psi) minimum, 1,379 kPa (200 psi) maximum and 552 kPa (80 psi) recommended. 7. Perform the test procedures on each cylinder according to the tester manufacturer’s instructions. Set piston of cylinder to be tested at TDC compression,While testing, listen for pressurized air escaping through the throttle All gauge pressure indications should be equal, with no more than 25% leakage. FOR EXAMPLE: At 552 kPa (80 psi) input pressure, a minimum of 414 kPa (60 psi) should be maintained in the Refer to CYLINDER COMBUSTION PRESSURE LEAKAGE DIAGNOSIS CHART . CYLINDER COMBUSTION PRESSURE LEAKAGE DIAGNOSIS CHART CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSE CORRECTION AIR ESCAPES THROUGH THROTTLE Intake valve bent, burnt, or not seated Inspect valve and valve seat. Reface or AIR ESCAPES THROUGH TAILPIPE Exhaust valve bent, burnt, or not seated Inspect valve and valve seat. Reface or AIR ESCAPES THROUGH RADIATOR Head gasket leaking or cracked cylinder Remove cylinder head and inspect. MORE THAN 50% LEAKAGE FROM Head gasket leaking or crack in cylinder Remove cylinder head and inspect. MORE THAN 25% LEAKAGE AND AIR Stuck or broken piston rings; cracked Inspect for broken rings or piston. 9 - 2166 ENGINE - 4.7L - SERVICE INFORMATION DR/DH |