Multiplying a signal
x[n] by the finite dura-
tion window signal
w[n] leads to the trian-
gularly scaled, finite duration signal
z[n] =
x[n]w[n], which is then processed. Window-
ing is used in the spectral analysis of mea-
sured signals and the design of finite impulse
response, linear time invariant systems.
baryon
a collective term for all strongly
interacting particles with masses greater than
or equal to the mass of the proton. These
include the proton, neutron, and hyperons.
base
(1) the number of digits in a number
system (10 for decimal, 2 for binary).
(2) one of the three terminals of a bipolar
transistor.
(3) a register’s value that is added to an
immediate value or to the value in an index
register in order to form the effective address
for an instruction such as LOAD or STORE.
base address
(1) an address to which
an index or displacement is added to locate
the desired information. The base address
may be the start of an array or data structure,
the start of a data buffer, the start of page in
memory, etc.
(2) as a simpler alternative to a full vir-
tual memory, the code space or data space of
a program can be assumed to start at a con-
venient starting address (usually 0) and relo-
cated in its entirety into a continuous range
of physical memory addresses. Translation
of the addresses is performed by adding the
contents of an appropriate base address reg-
ister to the user address.
base dynamic parameters
a set of dy-
namic parameters that appear in the canon-
ical equations of motion. Canonical equa-
tions of motion of robot dynamics do not in-
clude linearly dependent equations. These
are eliminated by making use of various pro-
cedures. As a result, dynamic equations of
motion contain only independent equations
which are used for the purpose of control.
Each base dynamic parameter is a linear com-
bination of the inertial parameters of the in-
dividual links. Base dynamic parameters are
subject to the identification in adaptive con-
trol schemes applied to robot control.
base frame
a frame attached to the non-
moving base of the manipulator. Sometimes
the base frame is called the reference frame.
base quantity
See
per-unit system
.
base register
the register that con-
tains the component of a calculated address
that exists in a register before the calcu-
lation is performed (the register value in
“register
+immediate” addressing mode, for
example).
base register addressing
addressing us-
ing the base register. Base register is the
same as base address register, i.e., a general-
purpose register that the programmer chooses
to contain a base address.
base speed
corresponds to speed at rated
torque, rated current, and rated voltage condi-
tions at the temperature rise specified in the
rating. It is the maximum speed at which
a motor can operate under constant torque
characteristics or the minimum speed to op-
erate at rated power.
base station
the fixed transceiver in a mo-
bile communication system. See also
fixed
station (FS)
.
base vector
a unit vector in a coordinate
direction.
baseband
in communication systems, the
information-carrying signal that is modu-
lated onto a carrier for transmission.
baseband signal
in digital communica-
tions, a signal that appears in the transmitter
prior to passband modulation. For example,
in the case of pulse amplitude modulation,
s(t) =
P
i
b
i
p(t − iT ) is a baseband signal,
where
b
i
is the transmitted symbol at time
i,
c
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